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10 Challenges Facing Buhari

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Muhammadu Buhari, Nigeria’s president
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President Muhammdau Buhari faces a tough battle to diversify an economy reliant on oil and hampered by terrorism and endemic corruption. Buhari won the 2015 election as a self-described “converted democrat,”took over from Goodluck Jonathan.

However, it’s not the first time he has led the Nigeria—he ruled as dictator between 1983 and 1985, after taking power in a coup.

But below are some of the top challenges the new leader of Africa’s most populous nation faces:

1. Too much oil, not enough fuel
The crisis caused this week by fuel shortages will make this the topmost item in Gen Buhari’s in-tray, but the problems in Nigeria’s oil and gas industry are more fundamental.
Nigeria is among the top 10 oil producers in the world and Africa’s leader, pumping 2.5 million barrels of oil out of the ground every day.
It is also one of the leading importers of petroleum products because its four refineries have long been run down through corruption and mismanagement, leading to an inefficient and wasteful subsidy system behind the regular fuel shortages.
Gen Buhari must find ways to divert the wasteful fuel-import subsidies into refurbishment of Nigeria’s oil refineries and sell some government stakes to bring in foreign investment and technical know-how.

2. Powered by generators
The fuel shortages this week exposed another chronic energy security problem in Nigeria: the country is powered by generators. A regular soundtrack to the hum and din of Nigeria’s cities is the diesel symphony of millions of generators purring away, powering everything from lights to water pumps to air conditioning units.
A quick solution to more stable power supply is to set up heavy thermal power plants fed by the country’s oil, but the power grid is in need of refurbishment and investment.
Official figures show that Nigeria requires about 40,000 megawatts of electricity for its population of more than 100 million.
It only produces a little more than 3,000 megawatts and this dropped to less than 1,200 megawatts during the recent crisis as 18 out of the 23 power stations were forced to shut down for lack of fuel.

3. Boko Haram Inc.
The high level of insecurity since 2009 had become worrisome, starting with the menace of Niger Delta militant groups, but the Boko Haram insurgents in the north east have turned insecurity into a national crisis with terror attacks across the country.
As a Muslim leader from the north and with a military background, Gen Buhari has the credentials to get the Nigerian military back into fighting shape and seize the initiative against the insurgents, who have killed upwards of 10,000 people in a few years.
Rescuing the 200 girls captured from Chibok will be a psychological victory, but stamping out extremist views will take a lot more firepower and smarter anti-radicalisation policies.

4.Corruption
Many Nigerians complain about being stereotyped over corruption, and with some merit; you are more likely to be hacked by a Bulgarian or Russian gang.
However, Gen Buhari acknowledges that corruption is a big problem in Nigeria, as does Transparency International, which ranks only 39 countries out of 175 as being more corrupt than Nigeria.
Gen Buhari has promised a crackdown, but as a civilian leader, he is unlikely to resort to the executions he ordered against corrupt officials in his 20 months in office as a military dictator from 1983.
A good place to start is the $20 billion that former Nigeria Central Bank Governor Sanusi Lamido said was stolen from the country’s oil revenue account. The figure is contested; the extent of graft is not.

5. Education’s missing children
As with many African countries, Nigeria’s public education system is wobbling under large numbers, poor policies, poorly paid teachers, and poor facilities. Many move their children to the mushrooming and expensive private schools as soon as they can afford it. Most of the country’s 69 federal and state universities and institutions of higher learning are full.
Of the more than 1.4 million qualified candidates who write the matriculation examination yearly, fewer than 230,000, or less than two in 10, are placed.

6. No jobs
Thanks to the high drop-out rate, an education system that produces graduates ill-suited to the job market, and an economy growing without producing enough jobs, unemployment has been on the rise in Nigeria for many years.
This has been exacerbated by the lack of deliberate job-creation programmes; a high cost of doing business that has forced the relocation of industries, and non-payment of contractors.
The unemployment figure has been put at between 20 million and 24 million – about the entire combined population of Benin, Gambia, Gabon and Togo.

7. National debt
When the previous government took power, it inherited zero national debt. It leaves the country with more than $30 billion debt, according to Finance minister Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala.
This debt is likely to expand further as the government invests in energy and transport infrastructure, but Gen Buhari must make earlier investments work to provide the tax revenue the government needs to repay its creditors.

8. Big economy, small base
Gen Buhari needs to find a way to wean Nigeria off oil and gas which account for more than 90 per cent of the total export revenues and 70 per cent of the tax revenues.
The recent slump in world crude oil prices has hit Nigeria’s tax revenues, export earnings and national reserves hard, and contributed to the Naira sliding from N160 to N221 to the dollar since November 2014.
To cure Nigeria’s Dutch disease, Gen Buhari must force through reforms to attract investments in the agricultural, services and manufacturing sector. The new government must use oil as the means to, not the end of, economic growth.

9. Big country, bloated government
Gen Buhari must find ways to cut down the size and cost of public administration. A mismatch between revenues and expenditures has seen 28 out of the 36 states fail or struggle to pay salaries.
Some 70 per cent of the Nigeria’s budget is devoted to recurrent expenditure, most of it wages. Although the country presently has 42 ministers for its 22 ministries, these are swollen by large retinues of aides, assistants and other political appointees.
In a megalomaniac society such as Nigeria, it is hard to think of a lean and efficient government, yet that is precisely what the country needs to work its way out of its difficulties.

10. Sleeping African giant
Finally, the Gen Buhari administration must take Nigeria’s rightful place alongside South Africa at the head of the African table. The country has long punched below its weight on continental issues.
With South Africa showing signs of uncertainty and hamstrung by a xenophobic outlook by some of its people towards the rest of the continent, Nigeria has an opportunity to emerge as the leader among African nations.
With the right diplomatic outreach in Ecowas, SADC and the East African Community, Gen Buhari might find that his election as President of Nigeria gives him a platform to shape continental policy. Africa is watching him and his government.


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NIBSS Says 28 Percent of Nigerians have Registered for BVN

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Latest data report from the Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) has pegged Nigeria’s Bank Verification Number (BVN) Database at 67.8 million registrations (27.97% of the country’s population) following a steady growth streak over the last five years.

NIBSS Says 28 Percent of Nigerians have Registered for BVN

NIBBS, which manages the BVN infrastructure for Nigeria’s financial ecosystem, revealed that BVN registrations jumped from 63.5 million in 2024 to 67.8 million by the end of 2025, representing a 4.3 million increase in a year.

The latest NIBBS data reveals a consistent upward trend across the last five years, supporting the rhetoric that the Bank Verification Number has become a major protocol for accessing financial services in the country. The enrollment figures over the last five years, according to NIBBS, are as follows.

The increase represents an estimated 6.8 per cent year-on-year growth between 2024 and 2025, one of the highest leaps over the last 5 years.

The Driving Force Behind the Increased BVN Enrollment

Analysts pinpoint the Central Bank of Nigeria’s policies and enforcement procedures as the primary driver of the five-year upward trend in BVN enrollment.

Some of the most efficient CBN policies behind the surge include the directive to restrict or freeze bank accounts lacking both a BVN and a National Identification Number (NIN), effective from April 2024.

The directive caused a stir, prompting many Nigerians to register for BVN to maintain uninterrupted financial services.

The introduction of the Non-Resident Bank Verification Number (NRBVN) initiative enabled Nigerians living abroad to obtain a BVN remotely, eliminating the need to be physically present in Nigeria.

The NRBVN programme was a game-changer, bringing the weight of the Nigerian diaspora to the fore. Its successful integration served as a significant milestone in efforts to deepen financial inclusion and formally integrate the Nigerian diaspora into the country’s financial ecosystem.

 

 


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NITDA DG Urges Stronger Collaboration to Drive Nigeria’s Digital Economy

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The Director General of the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA), Kashifu Inuwa, has called for stronger collaboration among stakeholders to unlock opportunities in Nigeria’s digital economy and accelerate national development.

Inuwa made the call at a NITDA-States IT Stakeholders’ Engagement and Ecosystem Development programme themed “Creating Opportunities, Breaking Boundaries: Towards Digitalization and Entrepreneurial Evolution.” in Abuja

Speaking at the event, the NITDA boss, represented by Mr Ajayi Babajide, Director Zonal Office Coordination, said Nigeria’s economy Africa’s largest by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) is at a critical juncture that requires urgent diversification, noting that the digital economy presents a strategic pathway to sustainable growth, job creation, and inclusive development.

He explained that in today’s interconnected world, digitalisation has become a key driver of economic transformation, offering unprecedented access to knowledge and creating opportunities for developing nations to compete globally.

According to him, the technology sector remains one of the fastest growing and most impactful segments of the global economy, stressing the need for Nigeria to position itself to fully harness its potential.
Inuwa reaffirmed NITDA’s mandate to drive and coordinate digital innovation across the country, adding that the agency is focused on creating an enabling environment that empowers all sectors, including underserved communities, to contribute meaningfully to the economy.

He highlighted the implementation of the agency’s Strategic Roadmap and Action Plan (SRAP 2.0), designed to deliver life-transforming opportunities and strengthen Nigeria’s digital ecosystem. He also pointed to the National Digital Literacy Framework (NDLF), which aims to equip citizens across various sectors with the digital skills required to thrive in a rapidly evolving economy.

The DG disclosed that NITDA has established over 100 IT centres nationwide and provided infrastructure to support digital learning and skills acquisition. However, he emphasised that sustaining and expanding these initiatives would require deeper collaboration with stakeholders.

He called for stronger partnerships among government at all levels, the private sector, academia, and civil society, noting that innovation thrives in an ecosystem supported by effective policies, access to funding, and enabling regulations.

Inuwa also stressed the importance of investing in innovation hubs and incubators to nurture startups from ideation to market readiness, enabling them to compete favourably on the global stage.

On entrepreneurship, he noted that NITDA has continued to support innovation through its special purpose vehicles, including the Office for Nigerian Digital Innovation (ONDI) and the National Centre for Artificial Intelligence and Robotics (NCAIR), which provide incubation, acceleration, and training programmes for startups and young innovators.

He observed that Nigeria’s innovation ecosystem has attracted significant investments and produced globally recognised startups, including unicorns, but said more efforts are needed to sustain the momentum.

Inuwa further noted that digitalisation holds immense potential for economic diversification, job creation, and inclusive growth, but warned that these opportunities must be deliberately harnessed through robust policies, legal frameworks, and strong institutional support.

He said the engagement provided a platform for stakeholders to exchange ideas, co-create solutions, and align strategies for the effective rollout of digital initiatives across states in line with SRAP 2.0.

The NITDA boss reiterated the agency’s commitment to fostering partnerships and providing the necessary support to drive Nigeria’s digital transformation, expressing confidence that collective efforts would deliver lasting impact.

He urged participants to remain committed to building a future where innovation thrives, opportunities are accessible, and Nigeria’s digital economy reaches its full potential.

In his earlier keynote address, the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Innovation, Science and Technology Kogi State, Pharm. Eric Monday, explained that the state’s digital strategy is focused on applying technology to critical sectors, particularly healthcare, where efforts are underway to improve data management and expand service coverage. He added that similar interventions are being extended to works and environmental management.

He noted that outcomes from previous stakeholder engagements had helped shape actionable plans, stressing the importance of collaboration in achieving sustainable progress.

“Our goal is to learn from others while also sharing our experiences. The knowledge gained from engagements like this will help us strengthen our systems, create opportunities for our youth, and support skills development,” he said.

Highlighting ongoing projects, he disclosed that a skills acquisition centre, supported by development partners, is nearing completion and will soon be equipped to train young people in relevant digital skills.

Monday further revealed that the state is expanding its partnerships beyond Nigeria, including collaborations with Chinese organisations, to build a robust innovation ecosystem and open up new economic opportunities.

Describing Kogi as a “land of opportunity,” the official said the government is committed to leveraging its strategic position as the Confluence State to attract investment and promote growth.

Other dignitaries who delivered remarks at the event included the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nasarawa State, Mr. Damina John, as well as the Executive Director, Commercial and Industry Development at the North Central Development Commission (NCDC), Mrs. Aisha Rufai.


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Ogun Set for Direct London Flights as Gateway Airport Gains Momentum

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His Excellency Governor Dapo Abiodun, The Governor of Ogun State, has said that the state is on course to establish direct air links to the United Kingdom, following plans by Air Peace to commence flights from the Gateway International Airport to London this summer.

Abiodun, who spoke after an inspection of the airport alongside Air Peace Chairman, Allen Onyema, said the move reflects growing investor confidence in the state’s aviation infrastructure and economic direction.

According to him, the planned operations to Heathrow Airport and London Gatwick Airport will open up Ogun State to increased trade, tourism and business travel, while easing pressure on existing international gateways.

“This airport was conceived to serve our people and support economic growth. What we are seeing now is that vision taking shape,” the governor said.

He added that cargo activities had already commenced at the airport, with projections indicating up to 50 cargo flights between April and year-end, a development expected to support exporters and manufacturers within Ogun and neighbouring states.

The Governor the state noted that discussions with multiple international and regional operators were ongoing, positioning the airport as a viable alternative for passenger and cargo movement in the Southwest.

Onyema, in his remarks, said Air Peace decided to key into the project after assessing the quality of infrastructure at the facility.

“This is one of the best-equipped airports in Sub-Saharan Africa. We will deploy our Boeing 777 aircraft for the London route because the runway and facilities can support it,” he said.

The inspection followed the recent commissioning of the airport by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu. With the planned London operations and growing cargo traffic, Abiodun expressed confidence that Gateway International Airport would strengthen Ogun State’s position as a key economic hub in Nigeria.


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