Telecom
Adopting GEO’S HTS Digital Payloads into SSFFs for Low Latency LEOs to Drive 5G Expectations

By Andrew Aroh
Major satellite manufacturers are now set to create a new NGSO [Non-Geosynchronous] satellite constellation for low latency broadband services using HIGH DATA RATE [HDR] V- band.

Their rational for building and operating a LEO constellation stems from the frequently cited implacable rise in connectivity needs around the world requiring low latency.
Between rising commercial demand and government driven universal broadband service obligations, the companies expects satellite could play a major role.
It really comes down to the insatiable demand for bandwidth that we see in the marketplace. The amount of bits being required by all of us is growing on the order of 20-something percent a year, and in order to meet that demand there are certain areas where satellite has advantages over terrestrial approaches.
Customers lack choice in the broadband provider options especially in remote and rural areas, meaning there is room for more satellite broadband players to compete, providing ubiquity.
On the technology side, the manufacturer would want to taking its digital play load technology for its GEO system and putting into a small satellite form factor [SSFF].
This is because there is a definite advantage in applying them to the V-band NGSO system. The digital payloads are scalable and can be sized up or down as needed. Typically a sixth generation digital payload for HTS [High throughput satellite] can be equipped with the seventh generation that has twice the capacity of generation six.
The new trend is to shorten development cycles of satellite and make sure the next generation capabilities are brought up quickly and not have these long developments cycles that have been in the past.
The process involves continuous miniaturization in order to fit more transistors on integrated circuits [ICs] or essentially bringing Moore’s law to bear in space. This could dovetail well with the manufacturer’s LEO ambitions, as satellites in this orbit typically have shorter life spans and therefore requires less radiation hardening compared to 15years geostationary satellites.
On the spectrum front, the constellation could downlink information in the 37.5 to 40.0 GHz band on a shared access basis with the proposed upper microwave flexible use [UMFU] service, adopting exclusion zones or out-of-band emission limits. In the filing, the uplink spectrum, for fixed satellite services [FSS] could be in the 50.4 to 51.4 GHz and 51.4 to52.4 GHz bands.
The uplink spectrum will help create a five [5] Gigahertz block of uplink spectrum, paired with FSS downlink spectrum in the 37.5 to 42.5 GHz band, enabling very high-data-rate [HDR] V-band satellite broadband services in the near future.
Recall that a rejoinder to WRC-19 has shown that seven system characteristics are vital for essential communications operations of NGNs for 5G: Coverage, Capacity, Protection, Security, Access [user plane] & Control [control plane], Interoperability, Flexibility/Scalability, and Quality-of-Service [QoS].
33GPP release 14 looked into satellite deployment scenarios.
3GPP release 15 defined the architecture and supports the deployment of application functions, as required for MEC [Mobile or Multi-Access Edge Computing].
3GPP Release 16 leads a study to identify use cases for provision of services with satellite integrated into the 5G system.
These specifications will also trickle down to satellite, including the search for lower latency solutions with many use-cases involving applications deployed at the edge of the network.
5G will lead to a huge shift towards a landscape dominated by wireless connectivity.
However, 5G is accompanied with deployment of architectures: Fiber [+] Terrestrial Wireless [+] satellite, leveraging network function virtualization [NFV] and software defined networking [SDN] both at the core and edge of the Network. Management of the NFV infrastructure will be performed through a Management and Orchestration. [MANO] Framework: This architecture allows easy integration of multiple applications.
A virtual evolved packet core [vEPC] application would extend local call switching possibility.
MEC Platform could host different applications like caching and multicast which can help reduce latency and improve quality-of-experience [QoE] for the user.
5G is a technology that will push the boundaries of throughput and capacity further beyond that of 4G to enable newer types of applications and services in the domains of: Health, Transport [Land, Air, and Sea], Entertainment, M2M, Security, etc. They will provide increased computing power, scalability, reduced operating costs and business models to enable differentiation. 5G will enable instantaneous connectivity to billions of devices, the internet of things [IoT] and a truly connected world-smart city, homes and schools, etc.
In general, testing campaign confirms that LEO provides superior fiber-like performance for high-end satellite services.
The ability to demonstrate fiber-like performance via satellite across a number of applications that perform poorly on GEO satellite backhaul is a testament to the capabilities of LEO network for 5G.
With its high-throughput links, ultra-low latency, and disruptive economics, LEO constellations offer an unparallel value proposition to expand the reach of 4G and 5G networks:
Testing scenarios included:
- High definition video streaming without interruption
- Video conference with teams demonstrating consistent flexibility of movement and voice transmission with user experience matching terrestrial and cellular connections
- Remote desktop connection to seamlessly manage a remote computer
- VPN connection without any delay or outages
- FTP encrypted file transfers of 2GB in both directions
- IPSec tuned encryption with no reduction in the performance of the link.
As satellite professionals plan, design and build offerings to provide best-in-class connectivity for 5G customers, we are eager to explore how cutting-edge technologies like new LEO constellations can integrate with global connectivity infrastructure across every application to deliver an outstanding performance with significant improvement over what we can achieve via GEO satellites today.
However, to get super-high, multi-gigabit speeds, carriers are turning to newer, much higher frequencies known as millimeter wave [mmW]: 3.0-0.3mm
So what do we expect? :
5G networks need to be much smarter than previous systems, as they are juggling many smaller cells than can change size and shape.
5G will be able to boost capacity by four times over current systems by leveraging wider bandwidths and advanced antenna technologies. [Multibeam with MIMO]
The goal is to have far higher speeds available and far higher capacity per sector, at far lower latency than 4G.
The standards bodies involved are aiming at 20Gbps speeds and 1ms latency, at which point very interesting things begin to happen.
5G home internet shows one major advantage over 4G: Huge Capacity.
Carriers can’t offer competitively priced 4G home internet because there just isn’t enough capacity on 4G cell sites for the 200GB of monthly usage most homes now expect.
5G could really increase home internet competition where 50 percent of Nigerians only have one option for 20Mbps or higher home internet service.
In the USA, a carrier, like Verizon says its 5G service will be truly unlimited.
5G home internet is also much easier for carriers to roll out than house-to-house fiber optic lines. Rather than digging up every street, carriers just have to install fiber optics to a Cell Site Or Access Point every few blocks, and then give consumers wireless modems. Most carriers now know that 5G wireless will give it much broader coverage than its fiber optic FiOS service.
Hence, satellite’s LEO constellations will offer carriers the required direct-to-home [DTH] internet service with the high bandwidth, low latency, or low-power-low cost aspects of 5G.
The small cells aspect of 5G [Both for cellular and satellite networks – since both technology uses cells with the antennas] may also help with in-building coverage, as it encourages every home router to become a cell site or access point.
Dedicated in-building and home systems that connect mobile users and wireless devices to the main core network are required for one-hop direct-to-home [DTH] internet Access/connectivity via satellite.
The core network is the mobile exchange and data network that manages all of the mobile voice, data and internet connections.
For 5G, the core network has been redesigned to better integrate with the internet and cloud based services and also includes distributed servers across the network improving response time [reducing latency].
It is the core network that manages many of the advanced features of 5G, including network function virtualization and network slicing for different applications and services.
With LEO Broadband constellations, Smart Beam Forming for Direct LEO Satellite Access of Future IoT will increase SATCOM offerings.
Andrew Aroh is President SSPI Nigeria
Telecom
Airtel Africa Cuts Diesel Dependence by 9.1m Litres

Airtel Africa, a telecommunications and mobile money services provider across 14 African countries, saved 9.1 million litres of diesel during its just ended 2025/2026 financial year, as part of efforts to drive responsible growth by minimising the environmental impact of its operations.

This was achieved by reducing reliance on diesel and increasing use of lower-carbon energy sources, including the conversion of 390 infrastructure sites to on-grid power during the year, thus improving efficiency and reducing emissions.
Airtel Africa CEO, Sunil Taldar highlighted this achievement during a media roundtable held in Lusaka, Zambia, where he presented the Group’s Sustainability Scorecard and progress towards building a more sustainable, inclusive and connected Africa.
Other initiatives to reduce Airtel Africa’s environmental impact during the year included promoting the circular economy, recycling 94% of total waste generated. These form part of Airtel Africa’s broader sustainability strategy, which seeks to create long-term value by balancing business growth with environmental stewardship, digital inclusion and socio-economic development.
Mr. Taldar emphasized that responsible growth remains central to Airtel Africa’s business strategy and is reflected in the company’s ability to extend services and opportunities to millions of people across the continent while advancing sustainability goals. Airtel Africa’s network now reaches 81.9% of the population across its markets, enabling greater access to connectivity, information, education and economic opportunities for individuals and communities.
The company recorded progress in its efforts to advance financial inclusion. Airtel Money now serves 54.1 million customers through a network of 2.4 million agents, making it one of Africa’s largest digital financial services ecosystems. Notably, 44.1% of Airtel Money customers are female, demonstrating the platform’s growing role in empowering women through access to secure, affordable and convenient financial services.
Beyond connectivity and financial inclusion, Airtel Africa, through its philanthropic arm, Airtel Africa Foundation continued to drive meaningful change across communities in the continent, investing US$6.2 million in priority programmes in four strategic areas namely Financial Inclusion, Education, Environmental Sustainability and Digital Inclusion.
Through its partnership with UNICEF, 3,296 schools have been connected to the free internet access, helping to bridge the digital divide and expand access to quality education reaching over 2 million learners and 38,868 teachers, while 64 zero-rated digital learning platforms enabled more than 11 million learners to access free digital educational content.
Also, during the year, more than 30,000 young people received digital skills training, while over 250 full undergraduate STEM scholarships were awarded through the Airtel Africa Tech Fellowship programme, helping to prepare the next generation of African innovators and technology leaders.
Telecom
Microsoft Axes 4,800 Jobs as Xbox Faces Major Crisis

Microsoft has announced plans to cut about 4,800 jobs globally, representing approximately 2.1 per cent of its workforce, as part of a broader restructuring aimed at improving efficiency and competitiveness.

The layoffs include about 1,600 employees in the company’s Xbox gaming division.
The company said additional job cuts are expected later this year as it continues efforts to reposition its gaming business.
According to an internal memo from Xbox Chief Executive Officer, Asha Sharma, the restructuring is intended to “reset” the business amid increasing competition in the gaming industry.
“Our business today is not healthy,” Sharma said in the memo.
“We are operating at margins that are three to 10 times lower than comparable platform and publishing businesses.”
She attributed the challenges facing the division to rising production costs and intense competition in the gaming hardware market.
According to Sharma, the gaming industry is currently experiencing a severe hardware crisis as the cost of components used in gaming consoles continues to rise.
Xbox competes with gaming platforms such as Sony’s PlayStation and Nintendo’s Switch.
The latest layoffs form part of Microsoft’s broader strategy to streamline operations and strengthen the long-term sustainability of its gaming business.
Telecom
A New Blueprint – How Strategic Collaboration is Rewriting the Narrative on Youth Drug Abuse

By Odunayo Sanya, Executive Director, MTN Foundation
Leadership, in its truest essence, is not about the titles we hold or the executive seats we occupy; it is about the responsibility we assume for the future of our communities. According to John Maxwell, a leader is one who knows the way, shows the way and goes the way. As we commemorate World Drug Day (26 June), we are collectively confronted with a sobering reality that demands that we intentionally create the conditions for Nigerian youths to thrive.

Odunayo Sanya, Executive Director, MTN Foundation
This year’s global theme reminds us that the fight against substance abuse demands a collective response because its consequences extend far beyond the individual, affecting public health, economic productivity, community wellbeing, and national development.
To understand the weight of what is at stake, we must anchor our empathy in empirical truth. The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) Drug Use in Nigeria Survey (2018), still one of Nigeria’s most comprehensive national assessments of substance abuse, revealed a deeply distressing reality. Nearly 14.3 million Nigerians aged 15 to 64 had used psychoactive substances. While the survey remains an important benchmark, the passage of time since its publication underscores the urgent need for more current data to guide prevention and intervention efforts. Nonetheless, the survey revealed that one in every four drug users in Nigeria was a woman, while the highest concentration of users was found among young people. This is not just a health crisis; it is an economic crisis and a systemic threat to our nation’s future leadership.
When we look at these numbers, we must refuse to see them merely as data points on a spreadsheet. Every statistic represents a vibrant mind diminished, a family fractured and a potential corporate leader or innovator sidelined. In my journey across the corporate and development sectors, I have learned that systemic challenges cannot be solved by sporadic, emotional reactions. They require structured, intelligent, sustainable, and data-informed ecosystems of change. True change requires us to transition from passive observers to active architects of sustainable interventions.
It was this profound sense of responsibility and strategic foresight that birthed the MTN Anti-Substance Abuse Programme (ASAP) in 2019. We recognised early on that the traditional approach of criminalising substance abuse without addressing the root causes – curiosity, peer pressure, lack of information and socio-economic despair – was a flawed model. ASAP was conceptualised as a multi-sectoral behaviour-change initiative designed to contribute to the reduction of first-time substance abusers in Nigeria.
This year’s World Drug Day theme “The World Drug Problem: Persisting Issues, New Challenges, Innovative Responses” is both a reminder of the complexity of the menace confronting our nation and an urgent call to action. It is clear that only innovative responses can curb the ever-evolving tactics of illicit drug networks. Beyond traditional substances, the world is witnessing a rapid increase in the production, availability and use of synthetic drugs. The commoditisation of prescription medicines has contributed to substance abuse. The inordinate use of technology as an enabler of cybernarcotics has changed the dynamics of the game.
Let me bring this closer home with some numbers. From January 2025 to May 2026, the NDLEA seized 5,305,484.88 kilograms of illicit drugs worth N1.5 trillion through 29,262 arrests. Recently, on May 16, the NDLEA busted a meth manufacturing ring in Ogun State. The scourge is no longer a distant tale: it resides with us. So, we must rise together as stakeholders in this war against substance abuse.
Over the years, the impact recorded through the ASAP initiative is a testament to the power of public-private sector partnerships. Through strategic partnerships with the NDLEA, the UNODC, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health, and various non-governmental organisations, the MTN Foundation has institutionalised the anti-substance abuse advocacy. We have taken the message directly to the frontlines – our schools, motor parks, markets, and digital spaces. By building a coalition of voices, we are demystifying the stigma surrounding addiction, turning what was once whispered in shame into open and constructive community dialogues.
Our journey this year has been marked by a powerful surge of collective action. From stakeholder conferences in Enugu, Kaduna, Kwara and Abuja, to the resonant advocacy walks in tertiary institutions across Gombe, Delta, Abuja and Lagos, the response has been nothing short of extraordinary. The scale of this support – uniting associations, students, and parents alike – is a testament to the urgency and shared commitment driving this movement.
Our interventions have yielded measurable outcomes. To date, the ASAP initiative has directly impacted over 50,433 students and 1,556 teachers across public secondary schools in 32 states and the FCT, through structured anti-substance abuse capacity building initiatives, digital advocacy, peer-to-peer training, and community town halls. By empowering young people to become ambassadors themselves, we have leveraged the power of peer influence positively. We have seen firsthand that when you give a young person the right tools, accurate information, and a sense of purpose, they will choose a path of productivity over self-destruction.
True leadership, however, refuses to rest on yesterday’s laurels; it constantly asks where the next frontier of impact lies and what it requires. It is this restless pursuit of evidence-based and sustainable solutions that culminated in a historic milestone just two months ago, when the MTN Foundation, the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), and the Office of the Vice President formalised a partnership to undertake Nigeria’s first nationally representative substance abuse survey among secondary school students. At a time when the most widely referenced national substance abuse data is almost a decade old and does not adequately capture the realities of in-school adolescents, this initiative seeks to provide the evidence needed to shape more targeted interventions and policy responses. The collaboration, which drew high praise from Vice President Kashim Shettima (GCON), is a powerful validation of our commitment to Nigeria’s youth and our belief that lasting solutions are built through multi-sectoral partnerships.
As a certified change practitioner, I know that for any behavioural shift to be sustainable, the intervention must be systemic, continuous, and dynamic. This year, our World Drug Day activities have been intentionally scaled up to meet the evolving landscape of substance abuse, particularly the rise of cheaper, highly lethal synthetic mixtures. Our focus this year focuses heavily on the digital ecosystem – leveraging technology to deploy accessible mental health resources, psychosocial helplines, and interactive awareness modules – because that is where our youth live, connect, and learn.
In tandem with our digital drive, this year’s ASAP calendar features high-level policy roundtables, quiz competitions, and grassroot activations across educational institutions. We are deliberately engaging policymakers to ensure that advocacy is backed by robust institutional frameworks. It is not enough to tell our children to say no to drugs; we must build a society that offers them a resounding “yes” to viable economic opportunities, mental health support, and inclusive community spaces.
The universe, as I often like to say, rewards extraordinary effort. The crisis before us is vast, but our collective capacity to innovate and heal is even greater. We cannot afford to look away or assume that this is someone else’s problem. The teenager struggling with addiction in a remote community is tied to the collective economic stability of our communities. Their failure is a leak in our national boat; their recovery is our shared victory.
As we mark World Drug Day, my call to action is to the government, corporate Nigeria, civil society organisations, and every well-meaning citizen: let us move from intent to action by investing heavily in preventive advocacy and psychosocial support structures. Let us choose to know the way, show the way, and walk the way together toward a drug-free, prosperous Nigeria.
Remember, it is everyone’s fight!
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