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SERAP: CBN Gets 7 Days Ultimatum to Account for ‘Missing’ N100Bn Dirty Notes, other public funds

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Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) has urged Mr. Olayemi Cardoso, governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), “to account for and explain the whereabouts of the over N100 billion ‘dirty and bad notes’ and ‘other large sum of cash awaiting examination’ which are kept in various branches of the CBN.”

SERAP, which made the call through a statement issued by its deputy director, Kolawole Oluwadare, said the allegations are documented in the latest annual report recently published by the Auditor-General of the Federation.

SERAP also urged him to “explain the whereabouts of the N7.2 billion budgeted for the construction of the CBN Dutse branch in 2010 and the N4.8 billion budgeted for the renovation of the CBN Abeokuta branch in 2009, and to publish the names of the contractors who collected the money but failed to complete the projects.”

SERAP urged him “to explain the whereabouts of the allegedly missing outstanding loan of N1.2 billion granted to the Enugu state government in 2015 and the outstanding loan of N1.9 billion granted to the Anambra state government between 2015 and 2016 and to fully recover and remit the public funds to the treasury.”

SERAP also urged him “to refer these grave violations of the Nigerian Constitution 1999 [as amended], the CBN Act and the country’s national and international anticorruption obligations to appropriate anticorruption agencies for investigation and prosecution, as appropriate, and the recovery of the public funds.”

In the letter dated 29 June 2024 and signed by SERAP deputy director Kolawole Oluwadare, the organisation said: “These grim allegations by the Auditor-General suggest grave violations of the public trust, the provisions of the Nigerian Constitution, the CBN Act, and national and international anticorruption obligations.”

SERAP said, “These grave violations also reflect a failure of CBN accountability more generally and are directly linked to the institution’s persistent failure to comply with its Act and to uphold the principles of transparency and accountability.”

According to SERAP, “These grave violations have seriously undermined the ability of the CBN to effectively discharge its statutory functions and the public trust and confidence in the bank. The CBN ought to be committed to transparency and accountability in its operations.”

The letter, read in part: “We would be grateful if the recommended measures are taken within 7 days of the receipt and/or publication of this letter. If we have not heard from you by then, SERAP shall take all appropriate legal actions to compel you and the CBN to comply with our request in the public interest.”

“Explaining the whereabouts of the missing public funds, publishing the names of those suspected to be responsible and ensuring that they are brought to justice and the full recovery of any missing public funds would serve the public interest and end the impunity of perpetrators.”

“According to the recently published 2020 audited report by the Auditor General of the Federation (AGF), the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has since 2017 been keeping over N100 billion [N100,672,999,000.00] ‘dirty and bad notes’, and other large sum of cash awaiting examination in various branches of the CBN.”

The Auditor-General fears that the ‘dirty and bad notes’ initially planned to be destroyed may have been ‘be diverted and re-injected into the economy.’”

“The CBN in August 2010 also reportedly budgeted N7.2 billion [N7,286,500,476.76] for the construction of Dutse branch building. The Dutse branch was due to be completed in November 2012 but the contractors have failed to complete the project.”

“The Auditor-General is concerned that the project may have been ‘awarded to incompetent contractor,’ and wants the ‘job completed without further delay.’”

“The CBN in 2009 reportedly budgeted N4.8 billion [N4,812,608,028.10] for the renovation of the CBN Abeokuta branch. The Abeokuta branch was due to be completed in 2012 but the contractors have failed to complete the project.”

“There is no significant renovation work on the site, several years after the proposed completion date. The Auditor-General is concerned that the project may have been ‘awarded to incompetent contractor,’ and wants the ‘job completed without further delay.’”

“The CBN also reportedly failed to account for the missing outstanding loan of N1.2 billion [N1,294,453,887.83] granted to the Enugu state government in 2015 and the outstanding loan of N1.9 billion [N1,994,383,561.64] granted to the Anambra state government between 2015 and 2016.”

“The Auditor-General fears the public funds may have been diverted. He wants the money fully recovered and remitted to the treasury.”

“Paragraph 708 of the Financial Regulations 2009 provides that, ‘on no account should payment be made for services not yet performed or for goods not yet supplied.’”

“Section 35(2) of the Public Procurement Act 2007 provides that, ‘once a mobilization fee has been paid to any supplier or contractor, no further payment shall be made to the supplier or contractor without an interim performance certificate.”

“Section 16(6) of the Public Procurement Act states that ‘all bidders shall possess the necessary professional and technical qualifications to carry out particular procurements; the financial capacity and adequate personnel to perform the obligations of the procurement contracts.’”

“SERAP notes that Section 15(5) of the Nigerian Constitution requires public institutions to abolish all corrupt practices and abuse of power.” Section 13 of the Constitution imposes clear responsibility on the CBN to conform to, observe and apply the provisions of Chapter 2 of the constitution.”

“Paragraph 3112(ii) of the Financial Regulations 2009 provides that, “Where a public officer fails to account for government revenue, such officer shall be surcharged for the full amount involved and such officer shall be handled over to either the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) or the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC).”

“Nigeria has made legally binding commitments under the UN Convention against Corruption to ensure accountability in the management of public resources. Articles 5 and 9 of the UN Convention against Corruption also impose legal obligations on the CBN to ensure proper management of public affairs and public funds.”

“Nigerians have the right to know the whereabouts of the public funds. Taking the recommended measures would advance the right of Nigerians to restitution, compensation and guarantee of non-repetition.”

“The Nigerian Constitution, Freedom of Information Act, and the country’s anti-corruption and human rights obligations rest on the principle that citizens should have access to information regarding their public institutions’ activities.”


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E-Financial

GCR Affirms Afreximbank’s International Scale Ratings of A, A2

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GCR Ratings (GCR) has affirmed African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) international scale long and short-term issuer ratings of A and A2 respectively. The outlook was revised to “Stable” from “Rating Watch Evolving”.

GCR has also affirmed the international scale long term programme rating on the $5 billion Global Medium Term Note (GMTN) Programme of A.

The improved rating reflects GCR’s assessment of a “robust counter-cyclical mandate, underpinned by a strong track record and ongoing preferential creditor treatment (PCT) from shareholders.”

South Africa became the latest country to affirm the Bank’s Establishment Treaty and Preferred Creditor Status when it recently signed the Instrument of Accession to become a full sovereign member of the Bank.

The report continued: “The Bank’s solid capitalisation and diversified funding profile provide significant buffers against emerging credit risks.” The report also acknowledged the Bank’s diverse shareholding base.

The outlook change from “Rating Watch Evolving” to “Stable”, according to GCR, indicates that there is immaterial downside risk related to sovereign debt restructurings.

Commenting on the Rating action, Chandi Mwenebungu, Managing Director and Group Treasurer, Treasury and Markets at Afreximbank said: “We are delighted that GCR has affirmed its credit rating on the Bank and resolved the outlook to ‘stable’, particularly in the light of recent positive credit developments.

“We continue to assert that the Bank’s preferred creditor treatment is enshrined in the Bank’s Establishment Agreement, ratified by all member states. It is not a matter of opinion or convention; it is fact”.

Mwenebungu continued, “It is also pleasing to note that GCR acknowledges the Afreximbank’s strong liquidity and capitalisation, and resilient risk profile. This is testament to the Bank’s financial and operational strength and that it has been able to demonstrate firm resolve in the face of continued macro-economic pressures and a challenging environment.”

 


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E-Financial

SmartCash Launches ‘No Be Cho Cho Cho’ Campaign to Boost Digital Banking in Nigeria

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Smartcash Payment Service Bank (PSB), the Airtel-owned digital financial services platform, has unveiled a nationwide marketing campaign titled “No Be Cho Cho Cho”, signalling a strategic shift toward proof-led messaging in Nigeria’s fast-evolving fintech sector.

Launched at a media event in Lagos, the campaign represents a new chapter for Smartcash, following its earlier “Money Matter Na Sense” positioning, reflecting the company’s rapid growth and increasing role in Nigeria’s digital financial ecosystem. The platform now serves nearly three million active wallets, with users spanning students, traders, households and small businesses across the country.

The phrase “Cho Cho Cho,” a popular expression in Nigerian street parlance meaning “talking without action,” is used deliberately by the company to challenge the hype-driven marketing culture that has often characterised the fintech sector. Instead, Smartcash says the campaign will focus on demonstrable performance and measurable value for customers, which means “Smartcash dey show workings”.

The initiative centres on the three pillars of reliability, transparency and demonstrable service delivery and addresses what the company describes as a widening trust gap in Nigeria’s digital payments market.

Speaking at the launch, Ayotunde Kuponiyi, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Smartcash PSB, outlined the strategic philosophy behind the campaign, linking the company’s mission to broader global and national economic priorities.

“Financial inclusion is a critical pillar of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, and with the launch of ‘No Be Cho Cho Cho’, we are proving our commitment to this vision,” Kuponiyi said.

“We have built an accessible banking service that breaks barriers for everyone, from corporate executives to the previously unbanked, pulling them from the sidelines to centre stage. Through our flagship zero-charge service, we promise no fees on P2P transfers or bill payments. Furthermore, our savings account offers 15 percent per annum compounded interest, paid daily without penalties. Unlike conventional banks, we charge you nothing, ensuring your money truly works for you.”

Smartcash’s zero-charge model, which eliminates fees on transfers and bill payments, has become one of the platform’s defining features., alongside instant transfers and everyday payments for utilities, airtime, data and cable TV.

Kuponiyi noted that the campaign reflects a broader philosophy of accountability in digital finance.

“Nigerians have experienced inconsistency and unclear charges across various platforms in the past,” he said. “With No Be Cho Cho Cho, we are saying clearly: don’t just listen to what we say; experience the proof.”

Smartcash operates as a Payment Service Bank licensed by the Central Bank of Nigeria and is wholly owned by Airtel Nigeria, a part of the Airtel Africa Group, which operates across 14 countries. This backbone allows the platform to serve customers through both smartphone applications and USSD channels, enabling access for users without smartphones or traditional bank accounts.

Beyond consumer banking, the platform is also expanding its footprint through a nationwide network of agents that facilitate transactions and financial services in underserved communities.

Providing further insight into the bank’s financial architecture and long-term roadmap, Kuponiyi, emphasised that the campaign reflects the strength of the institution’s operational foundation.

“At Smartcash, we have matched our ambitious growth targets with disciplined investment in secure, high-volume processing capabilities. The No Be Cho Cho Cho initiative is a testament to our financial health and our unwavering focus on driving financial inclusion through sustainable incentives that provide real value to the Nigerian economy,” he said.

As part of the rollout, the No Be Cho Cho Cho” campaign will run nationwide across television, radio, outdoor advertising and digital platforms, targeting young, mobile-first consumers while also reaching traders and small businesses through agent networks and USSD channels.

For Smartcash, the campaign marks more than a marketing refresh; it signals an attempt to redefine how financial technology companies communicate with Nigerian consumers in an increasingly competitive sector.

As Kuponiyi concluded at the launch: “The evidence is plenty. Nigerians can see it for themselves.”


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E-Financial

Senate Targets Fintech Overreach, Vows Ponzi Crackdown After ₦1.3trn CBEX Scam

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Nigerian Senate has launched a public hearing to amend the Banks and Other Financial Institutions Act (BOFIA) 2020 while investigating rampant ponzi schemes, spotlighting the Crypto Bridge Exchange (CBEX) collapse that defrauded 1,200 victims of ₦1.3 trillion.

Senate Targets Fintech Overreach, Vows Ponzi Crackdown After ₦1.3trn CBEX Scam

Senate President Godswill Akpabio, represented by Senate Leader Opeyemi Bamidele, opened Tuesday’s session jointly organised by committees on Banking, ICT/Cybersecurity, Capital Market, and Anti-Corruption. The bill (SB959) aims to bolster Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) oversight of fintechs and systemically important digital institutions without creating a duplicate regulator.

Akpabio stressed: “Enhanced supervision is not a constraint on growth; it is a safeguard for sustainable growth,” rejecting a standalone fintech commission to avoid fragmented oversight. Crypto licensing falls under SEC, but transaction stability remains CBN’s domain.

Senate Banking Committee Chairman Mukhail Abiru highlighted a national registry for transparency and risk-based fintech supervision, backed by CBN Deputy Governor Philip Ikeazor, who noted some fintechs rival mid-sized banks in volume.

The probe targets regulatory gaps exposed by CBEX’s unrealistic returns amid economic hardship. EFCC’s Dein Whyte reported asset seizures from operators, with forfeiture proceedings underway.

CBN’s Orekia Opemi-Yusuf warned separate regulators could stunt Nigeria’s expanding fintech sector, while FCCPC’s Ondaje Ijagwu urged clear lines between prudential rules and consumer protection. The reforms seek to restore trust in a digital economy battered by fraud.


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