News
DPLAN Threatens NDPC with Legal Action for Setting aside $32.8m Meta Fine


The pre-action notice was signed by Emmanuel Okpara, Esq., Litigation and Compliance Director, and Mus’ab Awwal Mu’az, Esq., secretary of the Association’s Steering Committee.
The dispute stemmed from a consent judgment delivered on November 3, 2025, by Justice J.K. Omotosho of the Federal High Court, Abuja, in Suit No: FHC/ABJ/CC/355/2025 between Meta Platforms, Inc. and the NDPC.
Following investigations conducted under the Nigeria Data Protection Act (NDPA), 2023, the NDPC had issued a Final Order against Meta Platforms, Inc., finding “widespread violations of the data protection and privacy rights of approximately 61 million Nigerians,” and imposing a remedial fine of USD 32,800,000.
The pre-action notice was signed by Emmanuel Okpara, Esq., Litigation and Compliance Director, and Mus’ab Awwal Mu’az, Esq., Secretary of the Association’s Steering Committee.
The dispute stemmed from a consent judgment delivered on November 3, 2025, by Justice J.K. Omotosho of the Federal High Court, Abuja, in Suit No: FHC/ABJ/CC/355/2025 between Meta Platforms, Inc. and the NDPC.
Following investigations conducted under the Nigeria Data Protection Act (NDPA), 2023, the NDPC had issued a Final Order against Meta Platforms, Inc., finding “widespread violations of the data protection and privacy rights of approximately 61 million Nigerians,” and imposing a remedial fine of USD 32,800,000.
The NDPC investigation stemmed from a petition filed at the commission on August 14, 2023, against Meta Platforms Inc. by the convener of Personal Data Protection Awareness Initiative, Ozoemena Nwogbo, regarding violation of the Nigeria Data Protection Act.
After its investigation, NDPC found Meta Platforms Inc. wanting and, on February 18, 2025, issued nine Final Orders against Meta Platforms Inc.
NDPC’s Order
The NDPC’s order nine reads, “Meta shall pay the naira equivalent of 32,800,000 USD (Thirty-two million, eight-hundred thousand United States Dollars) as a remedial fee. The naira equivalent shall be at the rate determined by the Central Bank of Nigeria.
“The details of the account for payment of the remedial fee are as follows: Account Name: Nigeria Data Protection Commission Fund Account. Account Number: 0020331265048 (300131267). Use RTGS for payment.”
The NDPC added, “Note that Meta has a right to seek a judicial review of this decision. The Commission will closely monitor Meta’s remediation process and its impact on data subjects for upwards of six months.”
However, the Final Order was subsequently set aside through Terms of Settlement, which were adopted by the court as a consent judgment on November 3, 2025, following a suit marked FHC/ABJ/CS/355/2025, filed by Meta Platforms Inc. against the NDPC.
Part of the Terms of Settlement entered between NDPC and Meta Platforms Inc. reads, “The applicant (Meta Platforms Inc.) and the respondent (NDPC) have come to a mutual settlement agreement that resolves the dispute underlying the applicant’s originating Summons.
“Pursuant to this agreement: (I) the applicant has agreed to provide specific remedial consideration to the respondent in support of protecting the rights of data subjects in Nigeria; and (II) the respondent has inter alia agreed to set aside and waive any rights to enforce or take steps to enforce the Final Orders against the applicant.”
The settlement terms specifically read, “In the light of the foregoing: The applicant wholly and completely terminates, abandons, withdraws, and discontinues the Originating Summons as well as any and all claims against the respondent connected to or arising from the matters or the subject matter thereof, except as the parties have otherwise agreed.
“The respondent: (I) sets aside the Final Orders against Meta; and (II) save and except as the parties have otherwise agreed, fully and firmly releases and discharges Meta from any and all claims, demands, actions, causes of action, contracts, obligations, suits, debts, costs, liabilities, which the respondent ever had, may now have, or May hereafter claim to have against Meta in respect of the matters.”
Association Alleges Illegality In Settlement
But the Data Privacy Lawyers Association contended that the consent judgment was entered into unlawfully, arguing that it was done without lawful statutory authority, in violation of the Nigeria Data Protection Act, 2023, and in derogation of the constitutional right to privacy guaranteed under Section 37 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended).
The Association further said the action was taken “to the grave prejudice of millions of affected Nigerians and the public interest, as well as the Federal Government of Nigeria.”
In the notice, the Association warned that unless the issues raised are urgently addressed within the statutory notice period, it would approach the Federal High Court to seek multiple reliefs.
These include an order setting aside, vacating, and nullifying the consent judgment on grounds of fraud, collusion, material non-disclosure, lack of statutory authority, and violation of the NDPA, 2023.
It is also seeking a declaration that the consent judgment is “null, void, unconstitutional, and of no legal effect,” as well as a declaration that the NDPC lacks statutory authority to waive, compro
Other reliefs sought include an order restoring and reviving the Final Order against Meta Platforms, including the $32.8 million fine, and an order restraining any further reliance on or enforcement of the consent judgment.
The Association also asked the court for other orders the Court may deem fit in the interest of justice, public accountability, and the protection of constitutional rights.
In the interest of transparency and accountability, the Association urged the NDPC to provide a written explanation of the legal basis for entering into the Terms of Settlement, clarify the statutory authority relied upon to waive the remedial fine and set aside the Final Order, and take steps to remedy the issues raised.
The letter, the Association said, constitutes the requisite pre-action notice under applicable law.
It warned that unless the concerns are satisfactorily addressed within 30 days of receipt of the notice, it will proceed to institute legal proceedings without further recourse.
mise, or extinguish liabilities, sanctions, or remedial fines arising from established violations of the Act.
News
CAC Reports 248 Fake Companies to EFCC, Tackles Banks

Hussaini Magaji (SAN), registrar-general of the Corporate Affairs Commission, (CAC) has accused some banks and financial institutions of undermining Nigeria’s anti-corruption and compliance framework by allowing inactive and non-compliant companies to continue operating and transacting freely.

Magaji also disclosed that the commission reported 248 fake company registrations to the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) for investigation and prosecution, while three CAC staff members were handed over to the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) over alleged internal misconduct.
The CAC boss made these disclosures on Tuesday in Abuja during an Anti-Corruption Day presentation and panel discussion held as part of activities marking the commission’s 35th anniversary. He spoke on the topic, “Transparency for Development: The Nigeria Experience.”
Speaking before representatives of key anti-corruption and law-enforcement agencies, Magaji warned that Nigeria’s corporate regulatory system would remain vulnerable unless all institutions enforced compliance uniformly.
“Let me state clearly: at CAC today, no company without full disclosure of its Persons with Significant Control is recognised as compliant. Companies that fail to disclose their PSC are flagged as inactive, and such status renders them unfit for credible transactions,” he said.
However, he expressed concern that this regulatory sanction was being routinely ignored by some financial institutions.
“However, we face a serious challenge. While CAC may flag such companies as inactive, some financial institutions, particularly banks, continue to allow these inactive companies to operate, open accounts, and transact freely. This is a major weakness in our national compliance chain. We must join hands to stop it,” Magaji added.
According to him, Nigeria’s regulatory ecosystem must speak with one voice, stressing that non-compliant companies should not enjoy the privileges of legality. “If a company is non-compliant, it must not enjoy the privileges of legality. Our collective success depends on enforcing this principle across the board,” he said.
To deepen compliance, Magaji said the Commission had taken decisive steps to clean up its internal processes and demonstrate zero tolerance for corruption.
“In the year under review, I had cause to surrender three members of staff to the ICPC for alleged misconduct involving suspicious and unauthorised tampering with company records. This was done to eliminate the chances of compromise and strengthen integrity within our processes,” he said.
He further revealed that 248 fake company registrations were discovered to have been illegally inserted into the CAC system and subsequently reported to the EFCC.
“Within the same period, I submitted to the EFCC a list of 248 fake company registrations illegally inserted into our system through unlawful means, for investigation and prosecution,” Magaji disclosed.
According to him, the entities operated without traceable corporate identities and failed to contribute to national revenue through taxation. An additional 15 such entities were also submitted for further investigation.
“Notably, despite these actions, no legitimate legal challenge has been brought against CAC regarding the removal and reporting of these illegal registrations,” he said.
The CAC Registrar-General also renewed calls for the establishment of a single, harmonised national register for beneficial ownership information, warning that Nigeria’s current fragmented system created loopholes that could be exploited for corruption, money laundering, and illicit financial flows.
He noted that while Nigeria had made progress in beneficial ownership transparency, multiple sector-specific registers operated outside the central CAC database.
“At the moment, we operate a fragmented system where certain sectors maintain separate beneficial ownership registers, such as the Extractive Industry and NEPZA, outside the central national register managed by CAC. This situation creates duplication, inconsistencies, and regulatory loopholes. It weakens our national integrity framework and complicates law-enforcement efforts,” he said.
Magaji stressed that CAC was legally and structurally positioned to serve as the central repository for beneficial ownership data in the country.
“There is therefore an urgent need for a single, harmonised national register for beneficial ownership in Nigeria. CAC is positioned by law and structure to serve as the central repository for beneficial ownership information. We need your support, your voice, your advocacy, and your institutional backing to push for this reform in the national interest,” he pleaded with stakeholders.
According to him, a single register would improve verification, enhance transparency, and strengthen Nigeria’s compliance with global anti-money laundering and counter-terrorism financing standards.
Magaji further described beneficial ownership disclosure as a growing global imperative, citing recent international developments, including court decisions in the United Kingdom involving property ownership linked to Nigerians.
“Beneficial ownership disclosure has become one of the most topical and critical issues in global governance today. The world is moving rapidly towards transparency, and Nigeria cannot afford to lag behind,” he said.
He called for the elevation of the Persons with Significant Control Rules into an Act of the National Assembly to provide a stronger legal foundation for enforcement.
“We must now push strongly for the passage of the Persons with Significant Control Rules into an Act of the National Assembly. We need a stronger, more comprehensive legal framework that will checkmate sophisticated abuses of the corporate vehicle,” he added.
The CAC boss also raised concern over the practice by some large corporations of declaring other companies, rather than individuals, as beneficial owners. “This defeats the purpose of beneficial ownership transparency. It creates layers of concealment and undermines accountability,” he warned.
Magaji concluded by urging sustained collaboration among Nigeria’s anti-corruption and law-enforcement agencies, describing the fight against corruption as a collective national responsibility. “The fight against corruption is not the responsibility of one agency. It is a national duty requiring coordination, trust, and shared resolve,” he said.
He called on agencies including the EFCC, ICPC, Nigeria Financial Intelligence Unit, and the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency to deepen information sharing, joint investigations, and real-time verification with the CAC.
“Our collaboration must not be episodic. It must be sustained, structured, and institutionalised so that our collective efforts translate into measurable outcomes for Nigeria,” he added.
News
NITDA Supports CAC AI Driven Transformation

By Oluwole Alao
Kashifu Inuwa CCIE, the Director General of the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA), has pledged the Agency’s full support for the Corporate Affairs Commission’s (CAC) artificial intelligence–driven transformation as the Commission marked its 35th anniversary in Abuja.

Delivering a goodwill message at the celebration, which was held at the Ladi Kwali hall of the Abuja Continental Hotel, Inuwa commended CAC for its uncommon consistency and resilience, noting that while many organisations rise and fall after initial success, CAC has continued on a steady growth trajectory.
“We know organisations go up and come down, but some will keep thriving, thriving, and thriving, and today, this is what we are witnessing for CAC,” he said.
Reflecting on his early engagement with the Commission, the NITDA boss recalled that the Registrar General made organisational transformation a priority from the very start of his leadership, particularly in embracing digital innovation.
According to Inuwa, the current era demands more than basic digitisation, stressing that meaningful transformation can only be achieved through the integration of artificial intelligence into core operations.
“We are in the AI era, and the only way to transform today is to embrace and integrate AI into your operations. This is exactly what the Registrar General is doing,” he stated.
He assured CAC of NITDA’s commitment to working closely with the Commission to embed AI across its numerous processes, explaining that the technology would infuse intelligence into workflows, simplify company registration and business management, and strengthen cybersecurity.
“We will make sure you integrate AI into CAC processes. With AI, it will infuse intelligence in everything you do and make things easy for Nigerians to register companies and manage businesses,” Inuwa averred.
The NITDA DG added that deploying advanced AI tools would help CAC staff stay ahead of fraudsters and curb hacking and fraudulent alterations of company records, while also safeguarding the system through responsible deployment.
“At NITDA, we will make sure you deploy ethical and responsible AI in your operations, with the right guardrails in place,” he assured.
He further described CAC’s digital reforms as bold and impactful, noting that the Commission has reduced company registration timelines from several months to as little as 24 hours. He added that further integration of AI would enhance name search and reservation, automate filings, improve corporate governance, and significantly reduce fraud.
He also highlighted NITDA’s ongoing role in reviewing CAC’s digital and AI transformation roadmaps, providing guidelines, standards, training support, and safeguards to ensure sustainable, people-centred, and secure digital services.
The NITDA DG congratulated CAC management, staff, and members of the National Assembly for their support, expressing confidence that the partnership would further strengthen Nigeria’s digital business environment in the years ahead.
News
U.S. Slams Nigerians: Overstays Jeopardize All Visas

The United States has warned Nigerians that overstaying their visas could jeopardise travel opportunities for other citizens seeking to visit the US for education, business, or family purposes.

The warning came amid ongoing immigration crackdowns and tighter travel restrictions under the administration of President Donald Trump.
In a statement posted on X on Monday, Feb. 9, the U.S. Mission in Nigeria stressed that compliance with visa rules is essential to protecting access for Nigerians who travel responsibly.
“Visa overstays by Nigerian travellers can affect opportunities for their fellow citizens,” the Mission said. “Strengthening compliance helps protect access for students, business travellers and families who travel responsibly.”
The Mission also urged Nigerians to report cases of visa fraud to [email protected] or [email protected]
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