E-Business
Delegate Responsibility not Accountability- Keele
Allen Keele is a certified fraud examiner, information security manager, information systems auditor and information systems security professional, among 20 other professional and technical accreditations. He shares over 17 years of experience in information security and risk management, including nine years of conducting professional advanced business lectures and seminars across the globe. Keele spoke to hilary okeke on a range of issues.
Training on Fraud Detection and Management
In information security, one of the most important things we have is not always having information security itself but having the internal control to be sure that we have information security. I wrote the text that most people use to prepare for Certified Information Systems Auditors (CISA) exams around the world. In that context, a lot of the controls that the internal auditors monitor have to do with controlling internal breaches and abuse. So, it would make logical sense to extend my auditors knowledge and expertise and interest into internal fraud detection and management. I was shocked to find in my younger days that 90 percent of frauds can be detected through the books. So many organizations tell you that they have no fraud problem but when you take a careful look, you find that there actually is a problem. People device all kinds of means to get money out their organizations without doing anything on the book. That was very concerning to me as an auditor. Fraud in itself is a disaster for an organization. It could lead to loss of market share if made public. Organizations need to be prepared for that kind of disaster just the same way they prepare for fire. So that is why we extended our training to business continuity, disaster recovery, as well as a new perspective on fraud. There are lots of folks out there who offer training on business continuity and disaster recovery, but what we are doing that is unique in the market is that we are not trying to project our best practices; we are teaching according to the new British standard – BS 25999. It is a new international standard designed to keep your business going during the most challenging and unexpected circumstances. It provides a basis for understanding, developing, implementing and managing business continuity within your organization and gives you confidence when dealing with stakeholders both within and outside your organization. BS 25999 has been developed by a group of experts representing a cross-section of industry sectors and governmental organizations which is reflected in its applicability. The standard is suitable for any organization, large or small, from any sector. It is particularly relevant for those that operate in a high risk environment such as the finance, telecommunications, transport, utilities and public sectors, where there is need for continuity. I have had a lot of organizations tell me they went for training a couple of years ago – the British standard may have existed a couple of years ago for training, but it just got ratified recently. There was no standard prior to BS 25999. So, this is a whole new world in terms of getting the certification to prove that your organization has the ability to manage fraud and disaster. Often times, organizations do things because regulators make them. Now more than ever, you have financial regulators requiring you to prove that you have strong control against fraud but you do not even have a fraud policy.
Best Security Strategy for an Organization
The best security strategy is first, to have one. Whether it is fraud, business continuity or information security; organizations have this odd tendency to casually appoint people within the organization to handle those areas. They point to the IT or compliance person – somebody who does not understand that area, and that person has to go and figure out what controls to put in place to get things working. So the problem is that currently, there is no strategy. Nobody has stopped to think “we need to be at 95 percent for fraud capacity at all times, no matter what.” They leave it up to the discretion of people who are not actually accountable for the business. That is wrong! Maybe you have an inexpensive web server that manages your brand new e-commerce that supports 90 percent of your business but because it was not expensive, your IT manager complains that it goes down all the time and that he is going to have it replaced in two weeks. Two weeks for e-commerce? That is why we said that the most important strategy is to have one. It is not just my idea, it is ISO 27001 standard for information security, which instructs that you get a strategy in place. I have always recommended that organizations should first have the right people that are actually accountable for that decision and have them make the decisions for a change. You can delegate responsibility but you cannot delegate accountability.
Networking and Telecommunication in Auditing, Internal Control
ICT has a very important role to play in internal control because auditors control access to information which IT does too. Auditors also control how information is used and how transactions are processed. Over the years, automated control organizes business functions and that has reduced loss of money. So, IT is able to put controls in place but then again, depending on how well it is managed, there might also be some vulnerability. In detecting and managing fraud, you need asset combination. I have often asked people in my classes if their organizations are committed to preventing, detecting and minimizing fraud. And they say yes, absolutely! I ask them to show me a policy that says: “Our organization does not want fraud, and this is what we are going to do to stop it.” They have no fraud policy! Shockingly, a policy is nothing more than a statement of management that states the way things are done within an organization. If you say that controlling fraud is a good objective, where is the policy that not only says it is wrong but also says here is who should be looking for it; here is who should be investigating it and here is what we do if we find it. A fraud policy is where senior managers say “not only am I going to accept responsibility, but I will accept accountability for something going wrong.”
Legal and Ethical Issues Facing IT Auditors
The legal and ethical issues are similar for IT auditors as they are for financial auditors. As an IT auditor, it is possible that you would be dealing with irregular or illegal acts. Towards that end, you have to be careful whom you release information to – there is always tendency for you to be exposed to sensitive information about an organization that you have to protect. As you are investigating issues, you have to be sure that you do not breach privacy laws. For instance, there are laws now that protect account information for people who have bank accounts. Imagine if during the course of an IT audit, the auditor compromised your account, and your account number and access code was made public. That auditor could be in for a lot of legal hassle.
E-Business
Offset Communications Slams N50m Suit against Qore Technologies for Alleged Copyright Infringement

Offset Communications Advisory Ltd has dragged Qore Technologies Ltd before a Federal High Court in Lagos, demanding the sum of N50 million as damages for the alleged infringement of its copyright.

Pic credit….https://copyrightalliance.org
Offset, in the suit marked: FHC/L/CS/1994/2025, is claiming that Qore used content from a proposal it submitted in December 2022, without formal engagement, attribution, or a licensing agreement.
“The Defendant’s execution of the content of the proposal submitted to it by the Plaintiff without any formal engagement, attribution or a licensing arrangement… amounts to an infringement of the Plaintiff’s copyright,” Offset stated in its writ of summon.
The suit filed on September 29, 2025, by Jimoh Bamigbola and Omobolaji Idris, on behalf of the plaintiff has Qore as sole defendant.
Plaintiff, a Lagos-based communications firm, in its statement of claim said it a had previously worked with Qore on Public Relations (PR) projects and was later asked to prepare a communications strategy for the company, adding that the said proposal contained ideas on employee engagement, branding, and stakeholder management.
Offset however, alleged that Qore implemented elements of the proposal, including internal communication initiatives and branding concepts, without payment or agreement.
“The Defendant executed and integrated the propositions into its Public Relations and Communication Strategy without any formal engagement… with the Plaintiff,” the statement of claim read.
The plaintiff said it discovered the alleged infringement in April 2025 and subsequently notified the defendant, but efforts to resolve the dispute failed.
It is seeking, among other reliefs, a declaration that the defendant’s actions amount to copyright infringement, N50 million in general damages, N5 million in litigation costs, 29 percent post-judgment interest, and “an order of perpetual injunction, restraining the Defendant… from further infringing on the Plaintiff’s copyright.”
Qore Technologies, however, denied the allegations in its statement of defence, arguing that the plaintiff was only engaged for limited Public Relations support services on a project basis and was paid for those services.
“The Plaintiff merely provided routine and secondary Public Relations support services… for which the Plaintiff was remunerated,” the defendant stated.
Qore further argued that the ideas referenced by the plaintiff are not protected under copyright law.
“The alleged ‘ideas’… consist of generic corporate communication practices widely used by companies… and cannot constitute original copyrightable works under Nigerian law,” it said.
The company also maintained that no binding agreement existed regarding the proposal and that its branding and communication strategies were developed internally and by its consultants.
In addition, Qore challenged the competence of the suit, stating that “the Statement of Claim discloses no reasonable cause of action” and that the court lacks jurisdiction to entertain the matter.
The defendant also filed a counterclaim, seeking N6.35 million as reimbursement for legal fees incurred in defending the suit, as well as N2 million in costs.
At the hearing on March 23, 2026, counsel to the parties identified their processes, and the court adjourned the matter to June 22, 2026, for further proceedings.
The case is expected to test the boundaries of copyright protection in Nigeria’s Communications and Public Relations industry, particularly regarding the ownership of proposals and business ideas.
E-Business
FG to Strengthen Cybersecurity Coordination as NDPC Probes Alleged Data Breach

Federal government has announced plans to deepen collaboration with private sector players and other stakeholders in a bid to strengthen Nigeria’s cybersecurity architecture and response systems.

Bosun Tijani, minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy, disclosed this in a recent press statement, noting that the government is considering the establishment of a Cybersecurity Coordination Council.
According to the minister, the proposed council is aimed at enhancing national cyber resilience and ensuring a more coordinated response to emerging cyber threats across public and private institutions.
Tijani emphasised that cybersecurity must be treated as a collective responsibility involving government, industry, and civil society.
“Cybersecurity is a shared national responsibility. Protecting Nigeria’s digital economy requires strong partnerships, trusted collaboration, and collective vigilance across government, industry, and civil society,” he said.
He added that through sustained collaboration, Nigeria would strengthen its capacity to detect cyber threats early, respond effectively, and build a resilient and trusted digital ecosystem.
The minister also called for increased stakeholder participation in shaping a sustainable, partnership-driven cybersecurity framework capable of deterring cybercriminal activities and safeguarding citizens, businesses, and critical digital infrastructure.
Meanwhile, the Nigeria Data Protection Commission (NDPC) has commenced an investigation into an alleged data breach involving Remita Payment Services Ltd., Sterling Bank, and other entities.
A statement on Sunday issued by Babatunde Bamigboye, head, Legal, Enforcement & Regulations, NDPC, said in line with the Commission’s procedure, Notice of Investigation was duly served on the 1st of April, 2026.
Bamigboye said relevant parties and individuals have been providing information for the purpose of addressing the incident.
“The aim of the investigation is to ensure that data subjects are protected with appropriate technical and organisational measures.
“The investigation by NDPC covers, among others, the types of personal data involved, the nature and scope of the alleged breach, the risk to data subjects and the mitigation measures carried out where a breach is confirmed,” he explained.
Vincent Olatunji, Commission’s National Commissioner/CEO, has directed that organisations that employ digital payment systems without putting in place appropriate technical and organisational measures as mandated under the Nigeria Data Protection Act, 2023 (NDP Act), will also be examined as part of a wider effort to ensure the integrity of the ecosystem.
E-Business
Nigeria Mulls National Cybersecurity Council

Federal Government has unveiled plans to establish a National Cybersecurity Coordination Council, signaling a shift toward a more unified, intelligence-driven approach to defending the country’s rapidly expanding digital economy.

Conceived as a non-statutory, multi-stakeholder body, the proposed Council will enhance coordination, enable trusted information sharing, and guide government strategy on cybersecurity, risk management, and national response amid increasingly complex cyber threats.
The initiative, championed by Bosun Tijani, minister of communications, innovation and digital economy, is designed to bring together government institutions, private sector players and technical experts into a single collaborative platform to strengthen the country’s cyber resilience.
Tijani noted that this initiative comes in response to a wave of recent cyber incidents that have disrupted operations across key private institutions and public sector.
In recent times, Nigeria’s financial system has faced mounting cyber pressure, reflecting global trends as cybercrime is projected to cost the world over $10.5 trillion annually, according to Cybersecurity Ventures.
Analysts say these attacks are increasingly coordinated and sophisticated, prompting the government to recognise that fragmented, institution-specific approaches can no longer manage systemic cyber risks effectively.
Under the new framework, the government aims to promote a “collective defence” model, an approach widely adopted in advanced digital economies where threat intelligence is shared in real time across institutions.
The Council is expected to include chief information security officers, cybersecurity associations, the Nigerian Computer Society, global technology providers, researchers, law enforcement agencies and civil society groups, ensuring a broad-based and technically grounded response architecture.
Key priorities will include developing national threat intelligence-sharing systems, harmonised cyber defence protocols, and coordinated incident response, while strengthening capacity to close Nigeria’s cybersecurity talent gap.
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