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Revealed: Rosabon Study Shows Nigeria Loan Financing Over 5 Years

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In the financial sector, there has been continued improvement in performance as the reforms carried out by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to evolve dynamic financial system continued to have positive effect on the sector, according to a study by Rosabon Financial Services.

The reasons for the growth in loan lending, according to the study, cannot be unconnected with the reforms that were taken by the CBN to save the financial sectors that witnessed an unprecedented decline resulting from the global financial crisis.

The bailout of some banks and the successful cleaning of banks’ balance sheets through the sale of non-performing loans to Asset Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON), have brought renewed confidence in the banking industry.

In 2011, AMCON acquired 1.7 trillion non-performing assets of some Nigerian Banks.

Furthermore, the CBN reviewed and replaced the universal banking model which was adopted in 2001 with a new model which makes banks to focus on core banking businesses.

Under the new model, banking licenses are categorized into commercial banking (regional, national or international); merchant (Investment) banking and specialized banking which could be microfinance (unit, state or national) mortgage (state or nation) or non-interest banking.

In 2011, 3 of the 8 banks that were bailed out with public money failed to show commitment towards recapitalization.

Their banking licenses were revoked and the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Commission (NDIC) formed three new banks to take over their assets and liabilities.

These three banks were Afribank, Platinum-Habib Bank and Spring Bank from which Main Street Bank Ltd, Keystone Bank Ltd and Enterprise Bank Ltd were formed respectively.

The remaining bailed banks were recapitalized through merger/acquisition agreement with Access Bank, EcoBank, FCMB and Sterling Bank respectively. This is evidenced in the performance indicators of banks which show that are better position to perform their functions:

Also, the financial deepening indicators show that credit facilities to the private sector has been on the increase since the 2009 bank reforms.

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) function as an engine for development, innovation and prosperity in emerging economies like Nigeria.

Therefore, access to loan facilities by the SMEs is very crucial for the economic growth of any nation. Unfortunately, access to loan financing is highly constrained for them.

In 2014, commercial bank loans to the SMEs dropped at an exponential rate. An analysis of commercial banks’ credit to small-scale industries indicates a decline of about 7.5% in 2003 to 0.12% in 2014.

A number of reasons have been proffered for this financing gap. The banks attribute their risk aversion stance for not lending to MSMEs to demand-side constraints.

These include the lack of managerial capacity, inadequate collateral, and poor record-keeping, among others.

However, supply-side issues such as high transition costs and a lack of understanding by the banks of the nature and operations of the MSMEs also exist.

Other constraints plaguing the MSME sub-sector in Nigeria include infrastructure deficit, especially power and transport, policy inconsistencies, bureaucracy; multiple taxation and levies, insecurity, weak intellectual property protection and contract enforcement.

To address the huge financing gap mitigating against the MSMEs, the CBN established the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Fund (MSMEDF) on August 15, 2013 with a seed capital of N200billlion.

The broad objective of the Fund is to channel low interest funds to the MSME sub-sector of the Nigeria economy to:

.Enhance access by MSMEs to financial services

.Increase productivity and output of microenterprises

.Increase employment and create wealth

.Engender inclusive growth

Robust economic growth cannot be achieved without putting well focused programmes that increase access of poor and low income earners to factors of production, especially credit in place.

Microfinance is about providing financial services to the poor who are traditionally not served by the conventional financial institutions.

In Nigeria, a large percentage of the population is still excluded from financial services.

The 2010 EFInA study revealed a marginal increase of those served by formal financial market from 35.0% in 2005 to 36.3% in 2010, five (5) years after the launching of the microfinance policy.

It can be seen from the table above that the loan and advances profile of microfinance banks to the various sectors of the economy is growing.

The recapitalization of the microfinance banks in December, 2013 has further strengthened the lending capacity of the banks. The shareholders’ fund of the microfinance finance/community banks has increased from N227 million in 1992 to N53 billion in 2014.

The finance houses also play a prominent role in loan lending to the economy. The assets and liabilities of the finance houses have also increased. The Central Bank has set September 31, 2015 as the deadline for the recapitalization of finances to N100 million.

The net loans and advances of finance houses have increased from N16 billion in 2005 to N48 billion in 2014.

The finances houses have also been very active in the leasing sub-sector of the financial services business.

There is a great potential in the industry recognized by the 350 established companies presently engaged in a different forms of leasing.

Another interesting development is the attraction of the Nigerian Leasing to foreign investors in partnership with Nigerians.

The expansion of these activities is a reflection of the increasing awareness of lease consciousness in the country.

According to a study by Lafferty Cards and Consumer Finance, at the end of 2012 consumer loans in Nigeria stood at $7.29 billion, far lower than the $19.11 billion in Egypt and $293.29 billion in South Africa.

Currently, the CBN Monetary Policy Rate (MPR) in Nigeria is 13% which significantly higher than the average rate of 8.75% across other major emerging countries in Africa i.e. Kenya, Egypt and South Africa.

There is clearly a huge financial gap in terms of consumer lending in Nigeria. According to the same report, 93% of Nigerians could not access loans in 2012 and while about two-thirds of the population had access to informal money lenders, 71% of the loans granted were through family networks.

Despite about 42 million adults employed, Nigeria only had 8.2 million active borrowers, of whom only 1.6 million held loans from banks as at 2012.

However, there has been a recent rise in consumer confidence in the Nigerian banking system.

An EY 2014 global consumer banking survey found that 69% of Nigerian banking customers have confidence in their banks.

Unfortunately, the same cannot definitively be said about the borrowers by lenders, given that bad credit was one of the major factors that led to the 2009 “near collapse” of the Nigerian Banking sector.

Lenders are still very risk-averse regarding providing credit to individuals and businesses in the country.

Over the past five years, the MPR has steadily increased from 6% to 13%. This has translated to comparatively higher prime lending rates.

Prime lending rates are indicators of the interest rates offered by financial institutions to their most creditworthy customers e.g. large corporations that have a lower likelihood of defaulting.

For more risky customers, the rates offered by the lenders would be higher. The MPR rise has however, atypically had an inverse relationship with the prime lending rates which have declined.

The lending rates in Nigeria have decreased from 17.56% in 2010 to 15.95% as of April 2015. This decrease would be a major contributor to the 43.28% increase in credit from commercial banks to the private sector between 2010 and 2015.

Even with that decline, it is still more expensive to acquire credit facilities in Nigeria in comparison with other emerging African countries in 2015. This is illustrated in the graph below.

One of the major reasons for the limited access to credit facilities among consumers and households is the lack of robust identity verification systems and processes.

Aimed at tackling this issue, CBN has begun to roll out the Bank Verification number (BVN) mandate.

The BVN gives a unique identity that can be verified across the Nigerian Banking Industry i.e. not peculiar to one bank.

By the 31st of October 2015, all Nigerians with accounts in commercial banks would be expected to comply with this directive. This is a significant step in resolving the issue of identity as biometric information is acquired and linked to the account holder.

This helps create a less risky lending scenario as multiple account holders and the corresponding credit history can be linked.

For instance, if an account holder in one bank defaults on a loan, because the information is linked, such a person would not be able to take another loan from a second bank.

This directive would go a long way to encourage banks and other financial institutions to lend. It would ultimately act as a safety net by significantly limiting the reoccurring exposure to bad debt by the same defaulter.

The CBN has role to play in mandating banks to make loans more accessible to individuals, particularly the under-leveraged individuals and households with a focus in the consumer space.

Another way the loan lending can be increased in Nigeria is to issue a directive to financial institutions, requiring them to be enrolled with the Credit Bureaus.

Furthermore, the CBN should create a unified platform where all the lending institutions are able to share information of defaulting customers as this will create an atmosphere of transparency among the players in the financial industry.

Conclusively, although loan lending in Nigeria has increased in absolute terms over the years, there are still major steps that need to be taken in order to unlock the huge potential of consumer lending by the Nigerian financial industry.
Source: Rosabon Financial Services


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E-Financial

NDIC Intensifies Failed Banks Debt Recovery to Accelerate Depositors Payout

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The Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) has intensified debt recovery efforts involving failed banks and mobile money operators in a move aimed at accelerating payments to depositors. The Corporation is engaging its debt recovery agents to familiarise them with the enhanced tools and enforcement mechanisms contained in the NDIC Act 2023.

In recognition of the critical role of debt recovery, the NDIC Act 2023 significantly strengthened and expanded the powers of the Corporation. The objective, according to Thompson Oludare, managing director/chief executive, NDIC, is to enable quicker and more effective recoveries, thereby accelerating the reimbursement of depositors.

Represented by Olufemi Oladepo Kushimo, director of the Legal Department at NDIC, he welcomed participants to the sensitisation seminar for NDIC Debt Recovery Agents in Lagos, saying prompt reimbursement of depositors reinforces public confidence in the banking system and encourages continued savings within formal financial institutions.

“Your role is central to this objective. The success of liquidation dividend payments and depositor protection depends heavily on the efficiency and effectiveness of your recovery efforts. The enhanced provisions of the NDIC Act are designed to support you in this task, and this seminar aims to familiarise you with these expanded powers,” he said.

He explained that the Act now provides strengthened tools for recovering debts, including measures to address recalcitrant debtors and, where necessary, issues involving criminal infractions. Participants at the seminar are being guided on how to identify such infractions and how they may be referred to the appropriate agencies for prosecution, as well as the practical steps required for efficient debt recovery to support the payment of liquidation dividends.

“We currently have a number of banks in liquidation, including some that have been in that status for some time. In several instances, challenges such as protracted litigation, repeated adjournments and an entrenched culture of loan default have hindered effective recovery. These realities informed the strengthening of the Act and highlight the need for all stakeholders to be fully aligned and equipped to utilise these powers properly and responsibly in pursuit of the Corporation’s mandate,” Oludare said.

He added that the NDIC Act 2023 provides a comprehensive bouquet of tools for debt recovery, which the Corporation is prepared to deploy fully. “We intend to utilise every section, provision and enforcement mechanism available under the law. This includes pursuing parties at fault, not only to enhance recoveries, but also to serve as a deterrent and to sanitise the banking industry.

“Those responsible for bank failures must be held accountable. We are prepared to apply every relevant provision of the Act to ensure effective recovery and to bring culpable parties to justice,” he said.

Patricia Okosun, director of the Asset Management Department, said the revised Act has strengthened the overall framework for debt recovery and enhanced the mechanisms through which outstanding obligations are pursued.

“We are engaging debt recovery agents to familiarise them with the additional tools now available under the revised Act, beyond what they previously relied on. The essence of this engagement is to sensitise them to the new provisions that will support and improve their work. We are confident that these enhanced powers will enable us to recover more debts, and more efficiently, so that we can reimburse depositors,” she said.

She added that the Corporation remains optimistic about recovery prospects. “That optimism is precisely why we are equipping recovery agents with strengthened legal tools. Our objective is to recover as much as possible.

“Naturally, the earlier the recovery, the better, as it enables quicker reimbursement of depositors. However, given the realities of litigation and related processes, it is not possible to fix a definite timeline. What remains clear is that speed and efficiency are priorities,” Okosun said.

 


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OAU, UNN Graduates Top Unity Bank Corpreneurship Challenge Across 10 States

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Unity Bank Plc has announced winners in the 27th edition of its flagship Entrepreneurship Development Initiative, also known as Corpreneurship Challenge, following the conclusion of Business Pitch at the Batch C, Stream 2 edition of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) orientation programme held across 10 states of the federation.

OAU, UNN, Other Fresh Graduates Win Big in Unity Bank Corpreneurship Challenge

Unity Bank

Notably, Corps Members who graduated from Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU), University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN), The Polytechnic, Ibadan, amongst several tertiary institutions, emerged from the latest round of the Corpreneurship Challenge business pitch. Participants pitched business ideas across diverse sectors such as fashion, agribusiness, footwear production, and services.

At the Lagos State NYSC Orientation Camp, Awolumate Fawaz Babatunde, a Civil Engineering graduate of The Polytechnic, Ibadan, emerged the overall winner after pitching a fashion design business, clinching the N800,000 grand prize. Ugwoke Daniel Ifechukwu, a graduate of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, emerged first runner-up to receive N500,000.

In Rivers State, Abdur-Razaq Sayfullah Adebola, a graduate of Obafemi Awolowo University, topped the competition at the Nonwa Gbam Tai NYSC Orientation Camp with a footwear-making business plan. Meanwhile, Olatunde Esther Funmilayo of Olabisi Onabanjo University emerged as the winner at the Kwara State NYSC Orientation Camp after impressing judges with her deodorant production and services pitch.

More winners emerged from Abuja, Niger, Adamawa, Jigawa, Plateau, Kaduna, and Delta States, further expanding the geographical reach and impact of the initiative.

Speaking on the latest edition of the programme, Mrs. Adenike Abimbola, Divisional Head, Retail, SME & E-Business at Unity Bank Plc, said the Corpreneurship Challenge continues to reflect the Bank’s commitment to youth empowerment and enterprise development.

“The Corpreneurship Challenge has been driven by our commitment to boosting entrepreneurship among young people, especially fresh graduates. At Unity Bank, we recognise that many young Nigerians possess viable business ideas but lack the initial capital and support to bring them to life. The Corpreneurship Challenge was designed to bridge that gap by providing financial backing, mentorship, and confidence to fresh graduates at a critical stage of their lives,” she said.

She added that the quality of ideas presented by corps members across states underscores the growing entrepreneurial appetite among Nigerian youths.

“What we see every edition is innovation, resilience, and a strong desire among young graduates to create value and jobs. By supporting them early, we are not only helping individuals, but also contributing to the growth of the SME ecosystem and the broader economy,” Abimbola noted.

Over the years, the Unity Bank Corpreneurship Challenge has become a key feature of the NYSC orientation programme, delivered in partnership with the NYSC Skill Acquisition and Entrepreneurship Development (SAED) initiative. Since its inception, the programme has produced 638 young entrepreneurs nationwide, offering grants of up to N300 million to help corps members kick-start or scale their businesses.

The initiative aligns with the Federal Government’s drive to promote entrepreneurship and self-employment among graduates, particularly amid the shrinking availability of white-collar jobs.

Unity Bank said it remains committed to expanding the reach of the Corpreneurship Challenge and deepening its support for young entrepreneurs as part of its broader strategy to drive financial inclusion, job creation, and sustainable economic growth.


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NDIC Says No Customer Loses Deposits in Failed Banks

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Nigeria Insurance Deposit Corporation (NDIC) has guaranteed customers of insured commercial banks prompt recovery of their deposits in the event of risk liability or liquidation.

NDIC Says No Customer Loses Deposits in Failed Banks

In addition, the corporation assured depositors of its statutory mandate, which includes supervising banks for risk assessment, ensuring ethical standards, and enhancing financial stability in the country.

Mrs Emily Osuji, executive director, Corporate Services, NDIC,  gave the assurance during a Stakeholders Town Hall Meeting on customer protection regarding bank charges and deposits in Kano.

Mrs Osuji posited that the NDIC has, in recent times, demonstrated a strong commitment to protecting the hard-earned savings of Nigerians and sustaining confidence in the banking system.

She cited the cases of defunct Heritage Bank Limited, Union Homes Plc and Aso Savings and Loans Plc, where depositors received their deposits promptly after meeting the relevant requirements.

The NDIC boss, however, reminded customers to link their Bank Verification Number (BVN) as a unique identifier to locate their alternate accounts, where their claims will be transferred.

The executive director affirmed that NDIC has expanded coverage to protect about 99 per cent of depositors in Nigeria, a deliberate policy aimed at protecting small savers, promoting financial inclusion, and enhancing trust in the banking sector.

She said, “The corporation fulfils its role through its core mandates of deposit guarantee, bank supervision, distress resolution and bank liquidation, all of which are geared towards protecting the hard-earned savings of Nigerians and sustaining confidence in the banking system.

“Our strapline, ‘Protecting your bank deposits!’, is more than mere words for us. We stand by this statement as a firm commitment to our mandate of ensuring that depositors have access to their hard-earned savings in the event of bank failure.

“This is a critical responsibility that we do not take lightly. This is especially so in times of financial uncertainty and distress, with the NDIC standing as a pillar of safety and reassurance for depositors, particularly the most vulnerable.”

Speaking on the concept of stakeholder engagement, Hawwau Gambo, head of Communication and Public Affairs,  said the corporation was compelled to provide clarity, build trust and strengthen depositor confidence amid misconceptions.

Gambo noted that the recent revocation of the operating licences of some banks by the Central Bank of Nigeria, (CBN) and the current public discourse on banks’ recapitalisation efforts have reinforced the need for sustained stakeholder engagement.

She reminded that sustained awareness is pertinent to dust, given already heightened public interest and featured public confidence in the financial institutions.

“NDIC’s last Public Awareness Survey highlighted the need to enhance interpersonal communication channels to improve public understanding of deposit insurance. It is against this backdrop that the Stakeholders’ Town Hall Meetings were conceived as a structured, interactive platform for dialogue, education and feedback,” Gambo noted.


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