E-Financial
Growth Potential: MasterCard Index Ranks Lagos 2nd African Large City

Lagos State (West Africa’s commercial hub) follows closely to Maputo, the capital of Mozambique, as the largest African city with the highest potential for inclusive growth, according to the 2015 MasterCard African Cities Growth Index (ACGI).
Now in its third year, the ACGI maps African cities’ economic outlook according to their potential for inclusive urbanisation.
The 74 analysed cities are organised into three categories by population size: large (over one million), medium (between 500,000 and one million) and small (under 500,000).
Twenty five economic and social inclusion indicators rank cities’ level of inclusive urbanisation, forecasting potential for inclusive growth.
Once ranked, the cities fall into one of four bands describing their inclusive growth potential – high, medium-high, medium-low or low.
“The ACGI assesses the potential of Africa’s cities to increase the well-being of their urban populations,” said Professor George Angelopulo of the University of South Africa, author of the 2015 ACGI. “As inclusive urbanisation is a prerequisite for inclusive growth, the study presents a measure of each city’s potential as a place to live, work and do business in the coming years.”
Maputo’s inclusive growth potential falls into the medium-high category, attributed to its share of Mozambique’s foreign direct investment (FDI), which as a percentage of national GDP is among the highest in the world.
The city boasts constantly improving levels of government effectiveness, regulatory quality, and ease of doing business.
Angelopulo notes that Casablanca – ranked second among large cities – is the only North African city with medium-high growth potential, supported by Morocco’s relative stability in a turbulent region.
In Lagos (Nigeria), the third-ranked large city which also has medium-high growth potential, the increase in percentage of middle class households is significant due to the number of citizens that increase represents, and the effect they will have on future consumption in the city.
The 2013 and 2014 top-ranked city, Accra (in Ghana), now ranks seventh due to lower than anticipated revenue from the country’s Jubilee oil fields, exacerbated by the collapse of the oil price.
The cost of wage increases, subsidies and debt repayments further undermines economic expansion projected for Accra.
“Each city assessed by the ACGI has a unique set of socio-economic, cultural and political factors that influences its growth trajectory,” said Angelopulo. “However, a city’s response to the drivers of population growth, urbanisation and an increasing middle class ultimately determines the upward or downward direction of its inclusive growth.”
“Cities with skilled and educated populations, low levels of crime and corruption, higher discretionary income, regulatory stability and predictable commercial environments are beacons for talent, business and investment, and they offer their citizens greater promise than cities without these characteristics,” he said.
The only large cities in Southern Africa are located in South Africa, and all rank lower than in the 2014 ACGI report.
Slow economic growth combined with increasing populations make it likely that South Africa’s cities are likely to experience greater inequality over the next decade.
Pretoria is the South African city with the greatest potential for inclusive growth, followed by Johannesburg, Durban, Cape Town and Port Elizabeth.
Matola, adjacent to Maputo to the west, is the ACGI’s medium-sized city with the highest potential for inclusive growth.
It is also the city with the highest potential for growth throughout Mozambique, suggesting the positive outlook for the inclusive economic growth and development of Mozambique in the future. Matola is followed by Nouakchott (Mauretania) and Libreville (Gabon). All three cities have medium-high inclusive growth potential.
Of the small cities assessed, Windhoek (Namibia) and Victoria (Seychelles) rank first and second respectively with medium-high inclusive growth potential. Gaborone (Botswana) is third, with medium-low inclusive growth potential.
Mark Elliott, Division president for South Africa, MasterCard believes that cities have a leading role to play in economic growth, particularly in the developing world where rapid urbanisation and an expanding middle class characterise the evolution of most of them.
“However, inclusive growth is not possible without appropriate financial services and instruments in place to benefit the under banked and those excluded from the formal banking system.
“The only way to ensure sustained, inclusive economic growth is through the financial inclusion of all individuals, communities and countries – starting with the inclusive development of cities.”
By supporting and investing in academic research like the ACGI, which provides insights into the opportunities for investment, commerce and higher standards of living in Africa, MasterCard provides valuable business intelligence to its customers, local governments and the investment community at large.
MasterCard is a technology company in the global payments industry that operates the world’s fastest payments processing network, connecting consumers, financial institutions, merchants, governments and businesses in more than 210 countries and territories.
MasterCard’s products and solutions make everyday commerce activities – such as shopping, traveling, running a business and managing finances – easier, more secure and more efficient for everyone.
E-Financial
CBN Wins Central Bank of the Year Title @13th Global Awards

Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has been named Central Bank of the Year 2026 by an awards committee in London.

The award recognises the bank’s major reforms that helped stabilise Nigeria’s economy and improve investor confidence.
The award is part of the 13th annual Central Banking Awards. It highlights how the CBN helped turn around Nigeria’s economy, which was close to crisis in 2023.
At that time, Nigeria faced serious problems such as high inflation, a weak currency, low foreign reserves, and about $7 billion in unpaid foreign exchange obligations.
There was also a big gap between official and black-market exchange rates.
After Olayemi Cardoso was appointed governor in October 2023 by Bola Ahmed Tinubu, the CBN introduced strong reforms. These reforms focused on proper monetary policies, transparency, and market-based systems.
One major change was in the foreign exchange system.
The CBN removed multiple exchange rates and introduced a “willing-buyer, willing-seller” system. This made the market more transparent and reduced manipulation.
The bank also cleared old foreign exchange debts owed to sectors like aviation and manufacturing.
This helped restore trust in the economy. By late 2025, the gap between official and black-market exchange rates dropped to less than 2%.
Nigeria’s foreign reserves also improved, rising to $46.7 billion by November 2025 the highest level in almost seven years.
This was due to better foreign exchange inflows, stronger exports, and renewed investor confidence.
The International Monetary Fund praised these reforms, saying they improved the foreign exchange market and made pricing more reliable.
Inflation, which peaked at 34.8% in December 2024, dropped to 15.1% by January 2026. The CBN achieved this by raising interest rates and carefully managing the economy.
The bank also improved its internal operations. It stopped some programmes that were increasing money supply and causing inflation.
It strengthened its systems, improved compliance, and introduced digital tools, including artificial intelligence.
In the banking sector, the CBN introduced new rules requiring banks to increase their capital. This is expected to make the financial system stronger.
Nigeria also improved its fight against financial crimes. In 2025, the country was removed from a global watchlist for money laundering after improving its monitoring systems.
These reforms boosted Nigeria’s global image. Credit rating agencies upgraded the country’s outlook, and investor interest increased. Nigeria’s 2025 Eurobond attracted more than five times the expected subscriptions.
Although progress has been made, the CBN says challenges still remain, such as maintaining low inflation and completing banking reforms.
Overall, the award shows that Nigeria is regaining its position in the global financial system, thanks to strong policies and reforms by the CBN.
E-Financial
Providus Bank Fully Meets CBN Capital Requirement, Sets Record Straight

Providus Bank Limited has dispelled media reports over its compliance with regulatory capital requirements, confirming that it has successfully met and exceeded the recapitalisation threshold set by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

In a statement, the bank clarified that under the CBN’s recapitalisation framework, regional commercial banks are mandated to maintain a minimum capital base of N50 billion, stating unequivocally that it achieved this benchmark as far back as January 2025 and has since strengthened its financial standing.
According to the bank, its current paid-up capital stands at N65 billion, significantly above the regulatory minimum, underscoring its resilience and commitment to sound financial management.
The bank noted that this strong capital position places it in good stead to support its growth strategy and continue delivering value to customers and stakeholders.
Providus Bank emphasied that any suggestion implying non-compliance with the CBN’s recapitalisation requirement was inaccurate and does not reflect its current regulatory status.
The bank reiterated its dedication to maintaining robust governance standards and aligning with all prudential guidelines set by the apex regulator.
It explained: Providus Bank Limited notes recent media reports regarding the recapitalisation status of certain banks and considers it important to provide factual clarification as it relates to the Bank. Under the CBN recapitalisation framework, regional commercial banks are required to maintain a minimum capital base of N50 billion.
“Providus Bank confirms that it had met its capital requirement since January 2025 and currently has a capital base of N65 billiom which is in excess of its capital requirement.
Accordingly, any suggestion that Providus Bank has not met the applicable recapitalisation threshold is not consistent with its current regulatory standing.”
The Olayemi Cardoso-led Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) had, on March 28, 2024, announced a two-year bank recapitalisation exercise which commenced on April 1, 2024.
The 24-month timeline for compliance ends on March 31, 2026. The upward capital revision is expected to ensure that Nigerian banks have the capacity to take on bigger risks and stay afloat amid both domestic and external shocks.
Specifically, the recapitalisation exercise requires a minimum capital of N500 billion, N200 billion, and N50 billion for commercial banks with international, national, and regional licences, respectively.
E-Financial
UBA UK, BII Sign Letter of Intent to Slash Africa’s $80Bn Trade Finance Gap

United Bank for Africa (UK) Limited (“UBA UK”) and British International Investment plc (“BII”), the UK’s development finance institution and impact investor, today announced that they have signed a letter of intent to develop trade finance collaboration opportunities. The proposed initiative aims to expand access to trade and working capital facilities for businesses operating across Africa.

L-r: West Africa Director and Head of Office Africa Coverage, BII West Africa, Benson Adenuga; Managing Director and Head of Africa, BII, Chris Chijiutomi; Lok Mishra, Chief Executive Officer, UBA UK, Loknath Mishra; Group Managing Director, United Bank for Africa (Plc) during the signing of letter of intent to develop trade finance collaboration opportunities.
Access to trade finance remains one of the most significant structural constraints on African trade. Businesses – particularly small and medium-sized enterprises – are frequently unable to secure letters of credit, guarantees, and supply chain finance on commercially viable terms, limiting their capacity to export and import competitively. This trade finance gap is estimated by the African Development Bank to be over USD 80 billion annually.
To help close this gap, UBA UK, the London subsidiary of UBA Group, Africa’s Global Bank, will leverage its deep relationships across the Group’s 20-country African network to originate and structure trade finance transactions. While BII, with a mandate to support productive, sustainable, and inclusive growth across Africa, can support transactions that might otherwise fall outside conventional commercial appetite.
Lok Mishra, Chief Executive Officer, UBA UK, said: “The signing of this letter with BII represents a landmark moment for UBA UK and for the UBA Group’s global ambitions. As the Group’s hub for Trade Operations, UBA UK is uniquely positioned to connect African businesses with the international financial system.
“Working alongside BII, we can extend that capability further — mobilising capital where it matters most and helping to close the trade finance gap that holds back so much African potential.”
Chris Chijiuitomi, Managing Director and Head of Africa, said: “British International Investment is committed to catalysing private sector growth across Africa, and trade finance is a critical enabler of that growth.
“We welcome the opportunity to collaborate with UBA Group, whose pan-African network and deep institutional relationships can help advance our ambition to expand access to trade and working capital finance, particularly in frontier markets.”
The announcement builds on growing momentum around intra-African trade facilitated by the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), which entered into force in 2021 and represents one of the world’s most ignificant trade integration initiatives.
Both institutions have identified the operationalisation of AfCFTA as a priority catalyst for a trade finance facility, with UBA UK’s network across major AfCFTA economies offering a basis for supporting businesses navigating the emerging continental market.
This also complements the UK Government’s broader engagement with African economic development, including commitments made at the UK-Africa Investment Summit, and reinforces the City of London’s role as a leading international finance centre for Africa-focused capital mobilisation.
Future cooperation remains subject to further assessment, due diligence and the completion of internal approvals by both parties.
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