E-Financial
Judiciary, Banks Chase Shadows as another Banking Crisis Looms

Nearly ten years ago the Central Bank of Nigeria conducted a deep assessment of the country’s banks.
The 2009 exercise exposed large-scale fraud committed by a number of CEOs.
To save the banking system from collapse, the Central Bank (CBN) took over a number of institutions and spent billions saving others.
According to Quartz, in addition, criminal charges were laid against five CEOs for offences which included fraud, market manipulation, concealment and grant of credit facilities without adequate security.
Only one case has been prosecuted successfully. The others appear to be stuck in an unending cycle of dismissals, appeals and re-trials.
The bank saga and the failure to bring the bank executives to justice underscore the fact that the Nigerian justice system isn’t working.
Quartz, said that the problems – the subject of a great deal of discussion – range from judicial corruption to a lack of judicial independence to delays in the justice system.
The cases of the bank executives provide a useful case study through which to examine the weaknesses of the Nigerian judicial system.
These include the capability of prosecutors and the ability of the court system, including judges, to actually bring cases to fruition. This is particularly true in corporate cases which are often difficult to prosecute under the criminal law.
Judicial Corruption
According to Quartz, the fact that Nigeria has a number of corrupt judges is common knowledge in the country. Over the years, there have been various allegations of corruption in the judiciary.
In 2013, two High Court judges were suspended and recommended for retirement by the National Judicial Council for misconduct bordering on corruption.
Similarly, in 2016, a raid carried out by the Department of State Services revealed that cash worth USD$800,000 had been found in the homes of senior judges suspected of corruption.
Judicial corruption reduces public confidence in the country’s justice system. This means that suspected incidents of directors’ misconducts are less likely to be reported given the prevailing belief that justice is unlikely to be served.
Similarly, it can affect the attitude of investigators and prosecutors who might have less incentive to investigate and prosecute cases diligently.
While it would clearly be an exaggeration to accuse all judges in Nigeria of corruption, it is reasonable to conclude that corruption remains a problem. But since none of the judges involved in the trial of the bank executives have been accused of corruption, it’s necessary to look to other causes for the failure to bring the bank executives to book.
Judicial delays
One of the main problems in the bank executive cases has been endless delays in the judicial process. The trials’ time line tells the story.
Godwin Emefiele, CBN Gov
Criminal proceedings started in 2009. About six years later, in 2015, the Court of Appeal struck down the case against two of the executives on the basis of lack of jurisdiction of the trial court.
A declaration of lack of jurisdiction means that the court lacks the power to try the particular case. In itself this isn’t a bad development. After all, compliance with relevant rules on jurisdiction is essential to ensuring justice is done. But the fact that it took six years for this decision to be reached highlights severe delays in Nigeria’s court system.
Following the Court of Appeal’s decision, the High Court, in deference to the superior court, dismissed the pending case against the third bank executive.
In another turn of events, a year later, in 2016, the Supreme Court overturned the Court of Appeal’s decision and ordered a re-trial of the bank executives. This meant that, nearly 10 years after the initial trial, a fresh trial was started, and with it room for further appeals.
There is currently no end in view. While appeals and cross appeals are inevitable parts of litigation, the lengthy time spent on them is not.
This delay has been attributed to several factors. Initially, the trials suffered from several unwarranted adjournments at the request of the defence lawyers.
Another weak spot has been the prosecuting authority. The unit responsible for prosecuting these kinds of cases, The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission, has been severely criticised for its inefficiencies.
To worsen the problem, the trial judges were changed several times. One judge was elevated to the Court of Appeal while a few others were transferred to different divisions of the court leading to a fresh trial each time.
These issues significantly delayed trial proceedings.
Potential inequality
Another question to consider is whether the failure to successfully prosecute the directors is a reflection of the difference in the treatment of high-profile offenders versus ordinary Nigerians.
Cecilia Ibru, the only bank executive who was convicted, was sentenced to just six months in prison and required to forfeit shares and other assets worth over USD$1.2 billion.
Compare this with the case of David Olugboyega, an armed thief, who was sentenced to death after being found guilty of a £50 robbery.
Granted that armed robbery carries the death penalty, however, it seems that carting away millions of money should attract a stiffer penalty.
In addition, rich offenders can afford well skilled lawyers who can devise different strategies to delay, or prevent, successful prosecution. Poor offenders don’t have this benefit.
The ConversationThe recently introduced Administration of Criminal Justice Act of 2015, which aims to promote speedy dispensation of justice, promises to improve the situation. Time will tell.
E-Financial
Bank Accuses Magistrate, Lawyer of Using Fake Order to Steal N3.5m from Account

Benedict Ikechukwu Anekwe, an Enugu-based lawyer, and C.K.C. Idu, a magistrate, have been accused of allegedly conspiring to fraudulently withdraw ₦3.5million from the corporate account of Ohha Microfinance Bank Limited through what the bank described as a manipulated garnishee court process.

Ohha Microfinance Bank is a financial institution based in Enugu, Nigeria, committed to providing accessible and reliable banking services to individuals and small businesses
Ohha Microfinance Bank in a petition dated March 6, 2026 and submitted to the Chief Justice of Nigeria and Chairman of the National Judicial Council, demanded disciplinary action against the lawyer and the magistrate.
In the petition signed by Philip Onwukwe, managing director of the bank, the institution accused Anekwe of “using the instrumentality of the court to steal” from its corporate account.
“We write to you… seeking your urgent intervention and action in respect of this complaint which borders on fraud, stealing and unprofessional conduct of Benedict Ikechukwu Anekwe Esq.,” the petition read.
According to the petition, the controversy began with a judgment delivered on July 11, 2025 by Chief Magistrate O.P. Okoro in Enugu in Suit No. CME/1087/2023, involving Okoye Sunday and Ifesinachi Nnam.
The court reportedly awarded ₦2.5 million in favour of Okoye Sunday.
To enforce the judgment, Anekwe filed garnishee proceedings against 14 banks, including Ohha Microfinance Bank, seeking to attach funds belonging to the judgment debtor, Ifesinachi Nnam.
On July 29, 2025, the court issued an Order Nisi directing banks to attach any money belonging to the debtor.
The order stated that: “All monies in possession of the Garnishees belonging to Ifesinachi Nnam… be attached to satisfy the judgment sum of ₦2,500,000 together with the cost of this garnishee proceedings.”
However, the bank said the order applied strictly to the account of the judgment debtor and not to the corporate account of the bank itself, moreover, the judgement debtor has no financial account with the bank.
“It is crystal clear from the wordings of the Order that the Order Absolute made by His Worship Okoro was made against the account of Ifesinachi Nnam… but not against the corporate account of Ohha Microfinance Bank Limited,” the bank said.
The bank alleged that instead of serving the order on the bank to verify whether the judgment debtor had an account with it, Anekwe allegedly initiated another garnishee action directly against the bank before a different magistrate.
The fresh suit, CME/1554M/2025, Okoye Sunday v. Ohha Microfinance Bank Ltd, was filed before Magistrate C.K.C. Idu, his close associate, after the judgement debtor had filed notice of appeal and got a stay of execution in the previous court.
The petitioner explained that despite the pending appeal and stay of execution, on October 10, 2025, Magistrate Idu granted another Order Nisi attaching ₦3.5 million from the bank’s corporate account held with Ecobank Plc.
The bank said neither the plaintiff nor the judgment debtor had any account relationship with the microfinance institution, wondering how a Magistrate could issue such an order.
“Ohha Microfinance Bank has no business relationship with the judgment creditor and the judgment debtor in the suit,” the petition stated.
It added that both Okoye Sunday and Ifesinachi Nnam “are not customers of Ohha Microfinance Bank Ltd.”
Upon discovering the court order, the bank’s lawyer filed a motion asking the court to set aside the garnishee order, arguing that it was obtained through misrepresentation.
The motion stated that the order wrongly targeted the corporate funds of the bank rather than the account of the judgment debtor.
However, according to the petition, Magistrate Idu refused to vacate the order.
Instead, on February 27, 2026, the magistrate reportedly made the order absolute and authorised the withdrawal of ₦3.5 million from the bank’s account.
The bank further alleged that after securing the court order, Anekwe personally served it on Ecobank and instructed the bank to transfer the funds to his personal account.
“That same day, the learned Chief Magistrate signed the Order Absolute and handed it over to Benedict Anekwe Esq., who rushed to Ecobank Plc and served the order,” the petition stated.
The lawyer allegedly followed up with a written instruction directing the bank to pay the money into his personal account at First Bank of Nigeria instead of a client account.
Ohha Microfinance Bank alleged that the magistrate and the lawyer acted in concert to perpetrate the alleged fraud.
“This is daylight stealing perpetrated by Benedict Ikechukwu Anekwe Esq.,” the petition stated.
The bank further alleged that Magistrate Idu ignored the clear wording of the earlier judgment issued by Magistrate O.P. Okoro, which targeted only the debtor’s account.
It also claimed that both men had previously worked together before the magistrate’s appointment to the bench.
“Our findings reveal that the learned magistrate C.K.C. Idu before his appointment worked together at CIDJAP Legal Department with Benedict Anekwe Esq., hence the reason he connived with him to perpetrate this fraud,” the bank alleged.
The bank has asked the National Judicial Council to investigate the matter and sanction both the lawyer and the magistrate.
It also demanded that the matter be referred to the Legal Practitioners Disciplinary Committee.
“We demand that this matter be referred to the Legal Practitioners Disciplinary Committee for immediate and necessary action,” the petition stated.
The bank further demanded an immediate refund of the ₦3.5 million allegedly withdrawn from its corporate account.
“We further demand that Benedict Anekwe Esq. refund immediately the sum of ₦3.5million he stole from our corporate account,” the petition added.
Efforts to reach the lawyer and the magistrate were unsuccessful, as both failed to answer multiple calls.
They also did not respond to text messages sent to their verified telephone numbers seeking their reactions.
Credit: SaharaReporters
E-Financial
Quest Merchant Bank Achieves CBN Regulatory Recapitalisation Milestone

Quest Merchant Bank Limited has successfully met the ₦50 billion minimum capital requirement mandated for merchant banks by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) strengthening the Bank’s capital base and reinforcing its capacity to support Nigeria’s economic transformation.

This milestone reflects investors’ continued confidence in the Bank’s long-term strategy, strong governance, and sustainable growth outlook. It also marks an important step in the Bank’s post-divestment evolution under its new ownership, positioning Quest Merchant Bank with the balance-sheet strength needed to execute its next phase of growth.
With a significantly enhanced capital base, Quest Merchant Bank is now better positioned to underwrite larger transactions and expand its advisory, capital markets, and structured financing capabilities across priority sectors of the Nigerian economy.
The CBN’s recapitalisation directive, which sets ₦50 billion as the minimum capital threshold for merchant banks, is designed to reinforce the resilience, stability, and lending capacity of Nigeria’s financial system.
By meeting this benchmark, Quest Merchant Bank reinforces its standing as a trusted financial partner in infrastructure, energy, manufacturing, and corporate growth initiatives nationwide.
Afolabi Olorode, Acting Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Quest Merchant Bank, described the achievement as a defining moment in the Bank’s evolution: “This milestone marks a significant step forward for Quest Merchant Bank. Meeting the ₦50 billion capital requirement underscores investors’ confidence in our strategy and reflects the strength of our governance and franchise.
“With this strengthened capital position, we are equipped to play an even greater role in financing key sectors of the Nigerian economy, enabling private enterprise, and supporting sustainable economic expansion.
“Our focus remains clear. We will continue to continue to help our clients succeed, while serving as a trusted long-term partner in delivering sustainable growth.”
Quest Merchant Bank remains committed to responsible growth, innovation, and delivering strategic financial solutions that empower businesses and institutions across Nigeria.
E-Financial
GCR Affirms Afreximbank’s International Scale Ratings of A, A2

GCR Ratings (GCR) has affirmed African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) international scale long and short-term issuer ratings of A and A2 respectively. The outlook was revised to “Stable” from “Rating Watch Evolving”.

GCR has also affirmed the international scale long term programme rating on the $5 billion Global Medium Term Note (GMTN) Programme of A.
The improved rating reflects GCR’s assessment of a “robust counter-cyclical mandate, underpinned by a strong track record and ongoing preferential creditor treatment (PCT) from shareholders.”
South Africa became the latest country to affirm the Bank’s Establishment Treaty and Preferred Creditor Status when it recently signed the Instrument of Accession to become a full sovereign member of the Bank.
The report continued: “The Bank’s solid capitalisation and diversified funding profile provide significant buffers against emerging credit risks.” The report also acknowledged the Bank’s diverse shareholding base.
The outlook change from “Rating Watch Evolving” to “Stable”, according to GCR, indicates that there is immaterial downside risk related to sovereign debt restructurings.
Commenting on the Rating action, Chandi Mwenebungu, Managing Director and Group Treasurer, Treasury and Markets at Afreximbank said: “We are delighted that GCR has affirmed its credit rating on the Bank and resolved the outlook to ‘stable’, particularly in the light of recent positive credit developments.
“We continue to assert that the Bank’s preferred creditor treatment is enshrined in the Bank’s Establishment Agreement, ratified by all member states. It is not a matter of opinion or convention; it is fact”.
Mwenebungu continued, “It is also pleasing to note that GCR acknowledges the Afreximbank’s strong liquidity and capitalisation, and resilient risk profile. This is testament to the Bank’s financial and operational strength and that it has been able to demonstrate firm resolve in the face of continued macro-economic pressures and a challenging environment.”
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