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NBC Loses Appeal as Tribunal Upholds ₦190m Fine for Misleading Packaging

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Competition and Consumer Protection Tribunal has rejected a proposed settlement between the Nigerian Bottling Company Limited (NBC), also known as Coca-Cola Nigeria Limited, and the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC), while upholding a ₦190 million fine imposed on the company for misleading packaging.

In a judgment delivered on Monday, April 28, a three-member panel led by presiding judge Thomas Okosun dismissed NBC’s application to adopt the settlement terms as judgment, describing it as an “attempt to arrest judgment.” NBC’s counsel, O. Ogunride, had informed the tribunal of a settlement agreement reached with the FCCPC, requesting its adoption as a consent judgment.

The FCCPC’s representative, Abimbola Ojenike, confirmed the existence of the settlement, stating that discussions had been finalised with Akoji Achimugu, the commission’s legal director.

However, the tribunal pointed out that the terms of settlement were filed after judgment had been reserved and both parties had submitted their final written arguments. Okosun ruled that “the notion of arrest of judgment is unknown to Nigerian law,” stressing that entering a settlement at this stage exceeded the FCCPC’s statutory authority and undermined its role as a regulator.

He further criticised the FCCPC’s acceptance of the post-judgment settlement, saying it conflicted with the commission’s regulatory obligations. The tribunal emphasized its constitutional duty to the public, asserting that it could not engage in private compromises between parties.

The panel also criticised the FCCPC’s sudden shift from its earlier position, noting that the proposed settlement declared “there is no penalty,” directly contradicting the commission’s findings from its investigation. Consequently, the tribunal rejected the settlement and proceeded to deliver its final judgment.

Upholding the FCCPC’s five-year investigation, findings, and imposed penalties, the tribunal ruled that NBC’s conduct constituted misleading practices in violation of Nigerian law.

It affirmed that the ₦190 million administrative penalty was consistent with the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Act (FCCPA) and the 1999 Constitution (as amended). NBC’s appeal was dismissed for lack of merit, and the company was ordered to pay the fine within 60 days.

The case stemmed from an August 2024 announcement by the FCCPC accusing Coca-Cola and NBC of engaging in unfair marketing tactics and misleading consumers. NBC had contested the penalty, arguing that its packaging provided clear information compliant with national regulatory requirements.

The company later acknowledged that mislabeling of its zero-sugar Limca Lime-Lemon variant resulted from a production error at its Abuja facility.

In its revised appeal, NBC maintained that the mislabelling was unintentional and argued that the FCCPC’s conclusions were unfounded and beyond its statutory powers. However, the FCCPC defended its mandate to enforce corporate and consumer protection standards and urged the tribunal to dismiss NBC’s appeal.

The tribunal ultimately ruled in favour of the FCCPC, reinforcing regulatory accountability in the consumer protection landscape.


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Ugo Onwuaso is an ICT enthusiast. He believes technology should be used for general good. He holds a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from the Lagos state University. Dear Reader, Your support matters. But we believe that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. That is why, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and finance and how they affect lives. Our incisive and analytical view of how technology news affects the daily life help individuals and organizations make up their minds. Quality journalism costs money. Today, we're asking that you support us to do more. Kindly support our effort to deliver technology and finance journalism to everyone in the world. Donate as little as N1,000. Bank transfers can be made to: UBA Plc 1017156876 Communication Week Media Ltd

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NLNG Advances Media Excellence with Change Your Story Workshop

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NLNG has demonstrated its dedication to media development in Nigeria through the successful completion of the second edition of the #NLNGChangeYourStory workshop for 2026, which took place in Lagos.

The workshop convened 40 participants representing diverse media outlets to examine the changing landscape of journalism shaped by artificial intelligence and digital communication. Discussions centered on how new media technologies can support real-time reporting, extend audience reach across borders, and foster deeper, more effective engagement on digital platforms.

Speaking at the event, the General Manager, External Relations and Sustainable Development at NLNG, Sophia Horsfall, described the workshop as part of the company’s broader effort to strengthen engagement with the media while supporting professional excellence in journalism. She noted that the initiative reflects NLNG’s belief that well-informed reporting plays an important role in shaping public understanding of critical sectors such as energy, economic development, and sustainability.

She encouraged participants to leverage the insights and practical knowledge gained during the workshop to elevate the quality, depth, and credibility of their reporting.

“NLNG views this engagement as a strategic partnership. We provide the energy that powers nations and generates revenue for our nation; you provide the information that powers our minds. We have been proud to host you, but our pride will only be justified when we see the ‘New Standard’ in your next feature, your next broadcast, and your next investigative report.

As you head back to your various stations, I urge you to take the spirit of this workshop with you.”

The programme combined expert-led discussions with hands-on learning. Digital communication specialist Dan Mason guided participants through key aspects of digital storytelling, while veteran journalist Taiwo Obe led a practical Journalism Clinic. Together, the sessions equipped participants with practical skills in data visualisation, online verification, audience engagement, and managing a strong digital presence.

Through the workshop, NLNG reiterated its commitment to promoting journalistic excellence and supporting the media industry’s digital transformation. The #NLNGChangeYourStory programme has now empowered over 400 journalists with enhanced digital communication and social media skills across its various editions.


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FG Approves First National Policy on Cosmetic Safety, Health

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Cosmetic products are widely used in Nigeria, but many consumers remain unaware of the chemicals they may contain.

FG Approves First National Policy on Cosmetic Safety, Health

Federal government has therefore approved the first national policy on cosmetics safety and health after nearly two decades of stalled attempts.

The policy was launched at the Sixty sixth National Council on Health in Calabar.

It establishes a clear system to regulate how cosmetic products are manufactured, imported, sold, used and disposed of.

The new policy supports major government priorities.

It aligns with the National Strategic Health Development Plan II, the National Chemical Safety Policy and the National Environmental Health Action Plan.

It also advances the Nigeria Health Sector Renewal Investment Initiative and strengthens the country’s commitments under the International Health Regulations and the Minamata

Convention on Mercury.

By improving regulation and surveillance, the policy strengthens health security, protects consumers and supports economic diversification.

It also responds to state level priorities, since implementation will take place across all thirty six states and the Federal Capital Territory.

Everyday products, real health risks

Cosmetics are part of daily life for millions of Nigerians, but many people do not know what is inside the products they use.

Amina Yusuf, a shop attendant in Tarauni local government area, Kano State, said she developed skin irritation after using a product sold as a “natural toning oil”.

“I thought it was safe because it was called organic,” Yusuf said. “But my skin became sensitive, and small cuts took longer to heal.”

A health worker later explained that the product likely contained harmful chemicals.

In Kura local government area, community members described how some traders repackage creams without labels. One resident said a neighbour developed rashes after using a mixture bought at a weekly market.

“People buy what they can afford,” she said.

“Most of us do not have access to formally regulated shops.”

In Sabon Gari market, Kano State, an expectant mother, Gloria Okafor, learned during an antenatal visit that a cream she used for stretch marks might contain heavy metals.

“I was careful with food and medicine during pregnancy,” Okafor said. “I never imagined body cream could be a risk.”

These experiences reflect wider challenges: limited consumer awareness, informal distribution systems and economic pressures that make unregulated products common.

The scale of the problem

Recent national and global assessments highlight both the scale and the safety concerns within Nigeria’s cosmetics sector.

Nigeria’s cosmetics industry has grown into a dynamic and increasingly sophisticated sector, with a market valuation exceeding US$ 7.8 billion¹.

Globally, the cosmetics market is valued at over US$ 429.2 billion², presenting both economic opportunity and regulatory challenges, particularly in low  and middle income countries (LMICs) such as Nigeria.

Since 2022, Nigeria has registered close to 9 000 cosmetic products that meet national regulatory requirements under the oversight of the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control³, reflecting strengthened compliance efforts.

However, toxicological evidence remains concerning. Globally, over 100 known carcinogens and at least 15 endocrine disrupting chemicals have been identified in cosmetic formulations². In Nigeria, a study conducted in Anambra State found lead contamination in 62% of tested cosmetic products, with concentrations ranging from 0.10 to 42.12 mg/kg⁴ (exceeding the World Health Organization permissible limit of 10 mg/kg). Additional investigations in Ibadan and Lagos confirmed cadmium, lead and nickel levels above international safety limits in personal care products⁵⁻⁶.

These findings underscore the urgent need for strengthened surveillance, consumer awareness and enforcement to protect public health.

Why regulation matters

Studies in Nigeria have found high levels of lead, cadmium and other harmful substances in some cosmetic products.

These chemicals can cause kidney problems, skin damage and complications during pregnancy.

Market surveillance efforts in Kurmi market, Kano Municipal local government area, reveal widespread mislabelling and repackaging practices.

According to Audu Tanimu, National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control officer, “Some products are intentionally labelled to avoid suspicion, but laboratory testing shows restricted substances. Enforcement efforts are ongoing, yet informal supply chains continue to complicate traceability.”

Turn the vision to reality

After years of Nigeria’s vision to develop a cosmetic policy, World Health Organization (WHO) worked with the Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, the Nigeria Economic Summit Group, state governments, Resolve to Save Lives (RTSL), civil society and industry groups in 2025 to turn this into reality.

It provided technical guidance, reviewed evidence, supported meetings with partners and helped strengthen surveillance and reporting systems.

This support built on years of collaboration to improve chemical safety and International Health Regulations core capacities.

This work was supported by funding from the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and RTSL.

What will change

The new policy introduces three main areas of action:

  • Regulatory oversight and governance — A unified national system will ensure all cosmetic products meet safety and quality standards and improve coordination across agencies.
  • Cosmetics vigilance and health intelligence — A national early warning system will help detect harmful products faster and support quicker public health responses.
  • Strengthening the cosmetics value chain — The policy supports safer manufacturing and responsible trade. It also aligns with African Continental Free Trade Area opportunities, helping local industries grow while protecting workers and consumers.

These changes are expected to reduce exposure to harmful chemicals, lower the number of cosmetic related health complications and improve consumer confidence.

A collective effort

Implementation will begin across all states and the Federal Capital Territory.

The Federal Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control, the Nigeria Economic Summit Group, state governments, civil society and private sector actors will lead the rollout. WHO and Resolve to Save Lives will continue supporting government efforts to strengthen surveillance, raise awareness and promote safer markets.

This milestone reflects the combined efforts of government, regulators, communities and partners working toward a shared goal: protecting Nigerians from harmful exposures and strengthening national health security.

A call to action

  • Political and financial commitment from government counterparts at all levels to prioritise implementation of the policy.
  • Consumers should choose labelled and registered cosmetic products to safeguard their health.
  • Industry actors should follow national safety standards.
  • Health workers play a critical role in identifying cosmetic related health effects early and responding appropriately.
  • Everyone should help raise awareness about the health effects of cosmetics and protect communities from preventable harm.

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Mobile Phones Used by Food Vendors Could Spread Infections- Experts

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Mobile phones used by food vendors may be a hidden source of harmful microorganisms that can contaminate food, a recent study has revealed.

Mobile Phones Used by Food Vendors Could Spread Infections- Experts

Published in the 2026 edition of the International Journal of Pathogen Research, the research analysed 20 phones from ready-to-eat food vendors, 10 smartphones and 10 button phones, collected between January and June 2025.

Laboratory tests detected a range of bacteria, including Bacillus, Staphylococcus, Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Escherichia, and Corynebact.

Bacillus and Staphylococcus were most common on button phones, each making up 25.6% of isolates, while Staphylococcus dominated smartphones at 37%.

Fungal organisms were also found, including Aspergillus, Candida, Mucor, and Rhizopus species.

Mucor was most prevalent on button phones, whereas Aspergillus and Rhizopus were more common on smartphones.

The study showed that button phones carried a higher microbial load than smartphones, and some of the microorganisms exhibited resistance to certain antibiotics, underscoring their public health significance.

Researchers said contamination is likely linked to frequent phone use after handling food or touching surfaces without proper hand hygiene.

They warned that mobile phones can act as fomites, objects that carry and transmit infectious agents, allowing microbes to transfer from hands to food.

The study urges food vendors to adopt safer practices, including regular handwashing, disinfecting phones, and avoiding mobile phone use while preparing or serving food.

Experts say the findings highlight the need for public awareness and hygiene education, noting that everyday devices like mobile phones may play a larger role in spreading infections than previously recognised, particularly in food service settings.


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