Telecom
Nigeria Cannot Enforce Tax against Facebook, Others—Expert

Nigeria will find it impossible to place taxes on the transactions of foreign tech companies like Netflix, Facebook, Google, Youtube and other virtual firms without foreign help, Ikemesit Effiong, head of Research at SBM Intelligence, has said.

It will be recalled that the federal government announced its intent to tax OTT’s in the Finance act the president signed earlier in the year.
According to Saharareporters, the legal document, which reviewed the countries tax policies, included any business that “transmits, emits, or receives signals, sounds messages, images or data of any kind by cable, radio, electromagnetic systems or any other electronic or wireless apparatus to Nigeria in respect of any activity including electronic commerce, application store, high-frequency trading, electronic storage, online adverts, participative network platform, online payments and so on, to the extent that the company has a significant economic presence in Nigeria and profit can be attributable to such activity.”
Effiong told SaharaReporters that it would be difficult for the federal government to calculate the Nigerian derived earnings of these companies’ activities.
He is sceptical about how the government will, for example, find out the volume of activities engaged in by Nigeria’s estimated 20m Facebook users and how much each transaction yielded in revenue.
He said countries across the world were discussing how to tax over the top technologies (OTT’s) and virtual firms that do not have end-user telecommunication infrastructure and share the profit.
“The only way I see Nigeria being able to negotiate a tax regime (OTT) will be for them to collaborate with our European and American partners,” he said.
“I can’t think of any African economy – South Africa included– that can do this on their own. Even global powers like the US and the EU are struggling with this.”
Zainab Ahmed, minister for finance, gave clarity on how the government plans to implement the new tax regime by issuing the Companies Income Tax (Significant Economic Presence) Order. The finance minister is also empowered by the law to determine who a SEP is.
In the letter of the order, the first guiding principle in identifying who a SEP is will be to check if the company has sustained interaction with customers in Nigeria or agents of foreign entities based in Nigeria and have an annual earning in any currency whose value comes up to N25m or more.
Firms that fall into this category have been asked by the order to customize their platforms to enable them to receive payment in naira for taxable reasons.
“A foreign entity providing technical services such as training, advertising, supply of personnel, professional, management or consultancy services shall have a SEP in Nigeria in any accounting year if it earns any income or receives any payment from a person resident in Nigeria or a fixed base or agent of a foreign entity in Nigeria,” the act reads.
Education service providers are exempted though. Companies like Facebook, Twitter and Google, that make as much money off traffic as they do from promoted posts, would be difficult to tax, experts believe.
Most of these OTT firms do not have offices in Nigeria.
Those who do only maintain a representational presence and Effiong thinks this is the flaw in the plan.
“If Facebook says we had 17m unique visits, how are you as a country going to quantify and verify it?” he wondered.
Explaining that every taxpaying entity in the country has to open their books to the federal or state revenue boards, Effiong said OTTs have to largely comply, they have to be transparent about the number of Nigerian users they have, the ads those users clicked on, what the monetary cost of those ads was… for tax authorities to be able to assess them.”
Save for a Chinese/Iranian/Russian mode of internet monitoring, the lawyer said it would be impossible for the government to validate the genuineness of the data it is given.
Kenya is another African country that has attempted to levy an OTT. Its revenue authority said in a recent draft regulation that foreign companies offering digital services should register in the country to pay value-added tax or get a tax representative.
Outside Africa, France has been the most desperate to begin charging virtual firms for the number of undeclared profits they earn across the world.
In January, Macron’s government said it was going to go ahead of the EU conversation on the matter to collect three per cent of the global annual earnings of these firms.
That move was swiftly countered by the Trump administration, who threatened to massively heighten excise duties on goods coming out of France. Since then, Coronavirus has stalled the possibility of a joint tax regime for over-the-top technologies in the European Union.
Nigeria and Kenya are chasing the monies that could come from this new pull of cash though. It could be vital funding that would ease the recession fears in Africa’s largest economy.
Telecom
FG Taps Quest Merchant Bank for Advisory on 90,000km Fibre Project

Quest Merchant Bank has been appointed as Transaction Advisor for Project BRIDGE, a broadband infrastructure initiative of the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy (FMCIDE), led by Bosun Tijani, the minister.

Project BRIDGE, short for Broadband Infrastructure Development for Digital Economy, is designed to deepen Nigeria’s digital backbone through the deployment of about 90,000 kilometres of open-access fibre-optic cables nationwide.
The initiative is expected to boost broadband penetration, strengthen connectivity and drive inclusive economic growth.
Under the mandate, Quest Merchant Bank will work with the ministry and the Project Implementation Unit to structure the project’s financial and commercial framework.
This includes developing bankable investment models, engaging investors and designing a public-private partnership structure to ensure efficient execution and sustainability.
Afolabi Olorode, acting managing director, described the project as a critical intervention for Nigeria’s digital economy.
“Project BRIDGE represents a critical step in strengthening Nigeria’s digital backbone and unlocking the immense opportunities within the country’s digital economy. We are honoured to partner with the FMCIDE under the leadership of Honourable Minister, Dr Bosun Tijani on this important initiative,” he said.
He added that the bank would leverage its expertise in infrastructure finance to develop “a robust and investable framework that will attract private capital and support long-term national development.”
Also speaking, Yetunde Falore, head of Investment Banking at Quest Merchant Bank, said the project comes at a defining moment for Nigeria’s digital economy.
“Nigeria’s digital economy is entering a defining phase, and infrastructure initiatives such as Project BRIDGE will play a central role in expanding connectivity, deepening digital inclusion, and supporting sustainable economic growth,” she stated.
Falore noted that the bank would focus on ensuring the timely and efficient delivery of the project in its advisory role.
The initiative aligns with the Renewed Hope agenda of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, which prioritises digital infrastructure expansion and private sector participation in critical national assets.
Telecom
Court Bans Kenyan Telcos from Recycling SIM Cards

Kenya’s High Court has ruled that mobile phone numbers are not disposable assets, but constitutionally protected digital identifiers, striking at the core of a long-standing industry practice of arbitrarily reassigning inactive SIM cards without the owners’ consent.

In a landmark decision that could reshape telecom regulation and digital identity frameworks across Africa, sitting at Milimani Law Courts in Nairobi, Justice Lawrence Mugambi declared that reassigning a phone number without the original owner’s consent violates the right to privacy.
The ruling effectively elevates a SIM card into the same legal category as personal data tied to an individual’s private life.
At the heart of the ruling is Article 31 of the Constitution, which safeguards citizens from unnecessary disclosure of private information and interference with communications.
The court found that in today’s digital economy, a registered mobile number functions as a critical gateway to sensitive personal data, linking users to mobile money platforms like M-PESA, banking systems, email accounts, and social media profiles.
“When mobile digital identity is lost through reallocation or recycling without interrogating the reasons behind inactivity, it creates an avenue for unauthorised disclosure of delicate information,” the judgment stated.
The case, brought by Erastus Ngura Odhiambo, petitioner and former prisoner, challenged the routine telecoms practice of deactivating SIM cards after prolonged inactivity and reassigning them to new users.
Odhiambo lost access to his mobile phone number due to inactivity while serving his lengthy sentence.
He argued that the practice exposes individuals to serious risks, including misdirected financial transactions, intercepted one-time passwords, and unintended access to private communications.
The court agreed, highlighting how recycled numbers can result in strangers receiving confidential messages, authentication codes, and even being added to private messaging groups, effectively inheriting fragments of another person’s digital life.
Justice Mugambi also criticised the rigidity of SIM deactivation policies, calling them “arbitrary” for failing to consider legitimate reasons for inactivity such as incarceration, studying in restricted environments, or living abroad.
“Incarceration does not strip an individual of their constitutional rights to privacy and identity,” he noted.
For telecom operators, including Safaricom, the ruling introduces a significant compliance burden. The court outlined three strict conditions before any number can be reassigned.
Telcos must obtain informed and verifiable consent from the original owner, issue a public notice and conduct traceability efforts over a reasonable period.
More importantly, the court further directed that telecoms firms must implement technical safeguards to prevent data exposure to the new user.
The Office of the Attorney General has been given six months to translate these directives into enforceable regulations.
Telecom
Binance Earn: Simple Way to Earn Rewards on Idle Crypto Holdings

Binance Earn offers cryptocurrency users an accessible way to generate rewards on idle digital assets without active trading or constant market monitoring.

Binance Earn
As the crypto market matures, more holders seek productive uses for their assets rather than leaving them dormant in wallets. Binance addresses this through Binance Earn, where users allocate supported cryptocurrencies to various reward products for automatic yield generation.
The platform emphasises simplicity with a “set-and-forget” model: users select assets, pick a product, and rewards accrue passively in the background. This appeals especially to long-term holders aiming to enhance portfolio value over time without day-to-day involvement.
Binance Earn provides flexible options for instant liquidity access alongside fixed-term products for defined commitments, catering to diverse strategies and risk appetites.
“We’re seeing growing interest across Africa in ways to make crypto holdings more productive without active trading,” said Larry Cooke, Africa Head of Legal at Binance. “Simple, ‘set-and-forget’ solutions are becoming increasingly relevant as more users take a longer-term approach to digital assets.”
The feature reflects shifting user behaviour towards holding and gradual growth amid volatile markets, where reward rates fluctuate based on conditions, liquidity, and structures.
Users must assess risks and alignment with personal goals, as crypto remains volatile. Binance Earn positions itself as a key tool in Africa’s rising digital asset adoption, enabling hands-off participation in the ecosystem.
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