General News
Risks of Mobile Payment and Agency Banking

Nigeria is experiencing phenomenal growth in its banking and e-banking sectors with new policies and regulations that is driving cashlite, branchless Banking and agency banking services for existing and new customer segments in urban and rural communities.
The financial institutions and other players in the financial sector are continually expanding the products and services they offer while constantly searching for new, easy and secure ways of enabling their customers to access and operate the various products and services they offer.
Regulatory changes in recent years is changing the way banking services is provisioned to unbanked, under banked in rural and urban communities with limited options for formal Banking services.
Mobile Payment is improving access to these groups, cost effectively through the use of Agents in cities, towns and rural communities.
The Central Banks around Africa are also actively licensing banks and other non prudentially managed organizations to deploy mobile financial services for basic banking services, payment, money transfers and other financial services using the third party agency network.
The benefits of agents as financial services intermediaries have proven to be successful in some countries like Philippines and Brazil. More than 18 percent of Banking activities and transactions are conducted at agent locations in Brazil alone with more than 140,000 active agency outlets in operation, making it the most extensive use of agents anywhere in the world.
The successes in Uganda and Kenya are also worthy of mentioned and both are directly linked to the availability of a well connected agency network of the mobile money providers in both countries.
Who are Agents?
Potential agents are either registered entities or non-registered with on going primary business with intentions to provide mobile money as an add-on service in addition to existing primary business?
It is desirable for agents to have primary on-going business to enable them manage liquidity, reduce rebalancing trips to the nearest bank branch, manage cash at hand and also reduce cost in the early days of low value adoption of mobile financial services.
The scheme operator partner decides the type of services it wants the banking correspondent to offer to the public in accordance with its strategic plan.
The Agent will meet the following benchmarks – ubiquity: available in prime locations and easy access, trustworthiness: trust in non repudiation of the service, low-cost: low cost set up structures with minimal barrier to entry, liquidity: cash in / cash out requirements that are within the affordability range for the targeted store owners.
Providing basic financial services at the agents for customers of the scheme provider could take many forms.
Bill payments, utilities payment, domestic money transfer, merchant services, low value deposits and withdrawals are some of the basic services available at the agent outlets.
Agents are weakest link in the mobilemoney ecosystem since the scheme provider may not be able to ensure certainty at all times at the outlets and also ensure guaranteed minimum service levels at the outlets. These agents whom are service providers or shop owners are also faced with potential frauds which could be by omission or commission.
Evidence has shown that fraud attempts in the early days of mobile money deployments are mostly targeted at agents that may not be well versed in the operations of the service or agents that connived with intentions to defraud the scheme provider.
Evaluating the Risks
Technology and application compromises could present a significant risk for agents if they are not well educated and trained on some processes like PIN management, due diligence or record keeping. MobileMoney and Agency Banking are services unlike airtime vending which is a product.
Liquidity risks which will be significant as Agent network grow slowly and confidence level improves over time.
If mobile money recipient cannot consistently cash out at agent outlet at their own locality, the more they are the weary and discouraged to use the mobile channel.
Providing multiple cash out points like ATM, Cards, transfer to account, token generation and other innovations will address this challenge.
An efficient cash forecasting , management processes and support for the agents will address this issue and reduce it to barest minimum. The agent risk could take may forms from outright robbery, theft, poor product knowledge, application failures or even poor customer due diligence processes.
In some countries, providers made great haste to launch out to achieve coverage very quickly and paid little or no attention to Agent training which later impacted future operations.
Mobile oney is a service and requires lots of education. Regulators are helping the ecosystem’s long term sustainability and growth by standardized training procedure that is enforced across providers, agent licensing and certification is encouraged by the regulator to providers.
Security
Potential agents during training or sign up activities are always skeptical about physical and logical security as a mobile payment agent. Incidences of robbery and mugging of agents are still unheard in Nigeria but agents are already reporting systematic attempts to defraud through fake transaction message notifications, subscriber enrollment via stolen ID, unauthorized PIN reset conducted at agent outlets.
John, newly signed up as an agent with one of the recently licensed mobile financial services provider, His major concern was His physical security and He made some decent efforts to put in place some anti burglary systems. He was recently defrauded of N5,000 ($30) when some dubious persons posing as the channel manager of the mobile money firm accessed his device at his location and changed transaction destination number on his phone to another number which they used to reply messages to confirm cash out transactions after they had left his outlet.
Fake Currencies
Fraudsters are quickly building their game plan and strategies to engage the agents.
Agents are primarily store owners, mom and pop stores, convenience outlets and some other organized retail outlets.
However, some unemployed youths and semi skilled workers are signing up to become agents in Nigeria without the required understanding of cash management and handling prior to their engagements as agents.
By omission or commission, incidences of agent cash- in currencies having some fake notes are on the rise in the semi urban areas.
During a recent field trip, some agents were interviewed in Badagry area of Lagos state and two out of ten confirmed that they had received fake notes at least once within the first one month of operation while one of them confirmed that He passed the fake note off to another cashing -out customer.
Agency Sustainability
If agents are not earning revenues in the early days of low volume due to low adoption, they tend to abandon the agency outlet and focus on other activities.
The challenge of agency sustainability in Nigeria is still unfolding and most agents that are faced with the sustainability issues are agents that do not presently have primary business and most probably hired new office spaces and mobile money is the only service that is provided at such outlets instead of providing mobile money as one of the services alongside the primary business.
Compensating Losses
There are three parties to the mobile money transaction though not in all cases – The scheme provider, agent and the customer.
Agents are supposed to be covered by the provider’s insurance plan covering cash in transit, fraud, fire and robbery with coverage up to N100,000 as contained in the regulatory framework but it is still unclear how customers can recover losses in extreme case of business closure especially if the scheme provider is a non-prudentially managed entity.
Few scenarios where agents had made claims for losses (which cannot be independently confirmed) experiences has shown that agents are usually left to recover losses without adequate support from the scheme provider.
The agent that received the fake currencies during our field visit in Lagos, expressed her regrets that the mobile money provider could not explain to Her in clear teams who bears the losses.
Judging from most stakeholders concerns in the mobilemoney ecosystem, fraud seems to be first on their checklist.
From a Bank’s point of view, dealing with agents can be a nightmare.
Innovative practices that the regulator can put in place to address the fraud concerns should include a centrally located fraud alert systems where all providers, agent and customers can log fraud issues in a timely manner so that patterns can be established with a view to curbing or reducing future occurrences and also using the outcomes in continuous training of Agents
General News
WhatsApp Faces Regulatory Obstacles in Africa

Mark Zuckerberg’s tech empire is once again under regulatory pressure in Africa after competition authorities across 21 markets launched a formal probe into changes affecting WhatsApp’s AI ecosystem.

The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) Competition and Consumer Commission has opened an investigation into Meta Platforms over amendments made in October 2025 to the WhatsApp Business Solution Terms.
At the heart of the probe is whether the updated rules unfairly restrict third-party artificial intelligence providers from accessing the WhatsApp Business API, while preserving full integration for Meta’s own AI tools, including Meta AI.
In a notice issued by the regulator, the commission said it has “reasonable cause to suspect” that Meta may hold a dominant position in the common market and that the changes could “substantially lessen competition” by excluding rival AI service providers from what it described as a crucial digital gateway.
The investigation spans 21 member states, including Kenya, Egypt, Ethiopia, Uganda and Zambia. Stakeholders have been invited to submit feedback before 16 March 2026, with regulators emphasising that the move marks the start of a fact-finding process, not a ruling of wrongdoing.
This is not the first time Meta has faced scrutiny in Kenya and East Africa. Kenyan authorities have previously examined major digital platforms over data protection, misinformation and labour practices. In Nigeria, the data protection regulator fined Meta over privacy violations, underscoring growing African oversight of global tech firms.
Globally, the company is also navigating regulatory headwinds. The European Commission and Italy’s competition authority have reviewed Meta’s AI integrations on WhatsApp amid concerns about potential restrictions on rival chatbot providers. In the United States, Meta has faced antitrust litigation over its broader market dominance.
For Africa’s digital economy, the stakes are high as WhatsApp remains one of the continent’s most widely used platforms for communication, commerce and customer engagement. Across COMESA’s 21 markets, millions of small businesses rely on WhatsApp Business to reach customers, while startups are increasingly building AI-driven services on top of the platform.
If regulators determine that access to WhatsApp’s business interface is being restricted in favour of Meta’s own AI tools, there is genuine concern that it could limit opportunities for African developers and startups seeking to innovate in the fast-evolving AI space.
General News
NITDA, Abia Partner on Enterprise Architecture Reform

In alignment with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s priority areas of economic reform, digital innovation, and improved governance, the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) has reiterated its commitment to supporting sub-national governments in building integrated, data-driven systems that enhance service delivery and drive sustainable growth.

This commitment was reinforced at the Future Enterprise & Data Architecture of Abia State workshop themed “One Citizen, One Identity: Unlocking Data-Driven Governance.” The high-level engagement brought together policymakers, technocrats, and development partners to chart a pathway toward a unified digital public sector anchored on interoperability and citizen-centric governance.
The workshop, organised by the state’s Ministry of Budget and Planning and declared open by Governor Alex Otti, who was represented by the Deputy Governor, Engr Ikechukwu Emetu, focused on strengthening interoperability among Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs) to enhance revenue generation and improve service delivery across the state.
Speaking during a panel session titled “Breaking Silos, Building One Government,” the Director General of NITDA, Kashifu Inuwa CCIE, who was represented by the Agency’s Director of Stakeholder Management and Partnership, Dr Aristotle Onumo, emphasised that collaboration remains the cornerstone of successful digital transformation.
“One thing that is very clear is partnership and collaboration. If you want to take advantage of collective intelligence, then partnership is the key. If you want to succeed in building a unified government system, collaboration is the way to go,” he stated.
He stressed that digital transformation is not merely about deploying technology but about transforming people and culture. According to him, resistance to change and entrenched institutional silos can undermine even the most sophisticated technological frameworks if mindset shifts are not prioritised.
“Digital transformation is as much about people as it is about process and technology. If culture resists change, it can undermine strategy at every level. We must move from control to collaboration, and from isolation to integration,” he added.
Highlighting NITDA’s strategic direction, the DG noted that the Agency’s action plan prioritises digital literacy as a foundational pillar for national development. He disclosed that NITDA is targeting 70 per cent digital literacy nationwide through structured interventions, including training 30 million Nigerians across formal and informal sectors using digital learning platforms deployed through community and institutional partnerships.
He further revealed that digital education is being integrated into school curricula at primary, secondary, and tertiary levels, while civil servants across the federal public service are undergoing digital capacity development programmes to enhance institutional efficiency and readiness for interoperable governance systems.
On interoperability, Inuwa described it as “not optional but a necessity” for achieving data integrity, efficiency, and innovation in governance. He explained that NITDA is developing a national interoperability framework and advancing Enterprise Architecture (EA) initiatives across government institutions to ensure seamless data exchange.
“When we talk about interoperability, we mean that data generated in one agency should be accessible and usable by another in a consistent and secure format, without contradiction or confusion. That is how you build one government, not multiple disconnected systems,” he explained.
He added that a robust interoperability framework would not only improve internal government efficiency but also create a platform for innovation, enabling startups and young innovators to build solutions on structured public datasets.
While commending the state’s leadership for its vision and commission, he said, “If we achieve even 80 per cent of what has been presented here, Abia will not only lead among states, but it will also become a national reference point for digital innovation.”
The workshop concluded with a renewed call for stronger federal–state collaboration, policy alignment, and sustained investment in digital capacity to ensure that the vision of “One Citizen, One Identity” translates into tangible socio-economic impact.
General News
Zinox Technologies and TD Africa Forge Strategic Partnership to Revolutionize African Tech Ecosystem

In a landmark development set to reshape Africa’s technology landscape, Zinox Technologies, the continent’s leading manufacturer of trusted technology solutions, and TD Africa, Africa’s largest technology and lifestyle distribution powerhouse, formalized a strategic partnership on Friday at an exclusive press conference attended by industry journalists, key stakeholders, and partners from both organizations.

Zinox Technologies and TD Africa
The event, held to officially announce the collaboration and address stakeholder concerns, marks a pivotal moment in the evolution of indigenous African technology, signalling a new era of continental self-reliance and technological excellence.
The partnership brings together two industry titans whose complementary strengths promise to deliver unprecedented value to the African market.
Zinox Technologies has established itself as Sub-Saharan Africa’s premier indigenous technology manufacturer, producing internationally certified devices that rival global brands while addressing Africa’s unique technological needs.
TD Africa, with its extensive distribution network spanning 43 nations in the continent and expanding, has become the preferred gateway for leading global technology brands including HP, Microsoft, Dell, and Cisco.
This alliance represents more than a business transaction; it harmonizes Zinox’s precision-engineered hardware with TD’s formidable distribution infrastructure to bridge the digital divide, deliver rugged, energy-efficient innovation to the very heart of Africa’s schools, industries, and homes.
Speaking at the event, Chioma Chimere, Coordinating Managing Director of TD Africa, articulated the strategic rationale behind the partnership with evident conviction. “Today represents a moment where Africa meets Africa,” she declared, emphasizing Zinox’s distinction as an indigenous brand that truly understands and produces to meet the unique needs of the continent.
Chimere highlighted Zinox’s comprehensive product range and their remarkable efficiency, noting that the company’s Made-for-Nigeria approach addresses challenges that foreign manufacturers often overlook.
“We are proud to partner with a brand that doesn’t just import solutions but engineers them specifically for our reality,” she added, expressing gratitude to all stakeholders for participating in this historic collaboration.
The event’s opening address set the tone for what promises to be a transformative partnership. The gathering provided partners and the public with comprehensive insights into how this alliance will enhance market access, product availability, and technological solutions across the continent.
Chioma Nwoke, Executive Director, Human Resources Head at Zinox Technologies, offered a compelling vision of the partnership’s broader implications for African technological sovereignty.
She articulated Zinox’s founding vision, to create dependable standards of technology, and traced the company’s evolution from its inception to its current position as a leader in indigenous manufacturing.
“This partnership sends a powerful signal to the market that African technology can compete, innovate, and lead,” Nwoke emphasized.
She stressed that this collaboration transcends mere commercial transactions, encompassing digital education, enterprise development, and nation-building through technology.
“Zinox will continue manufacturing global-standard products, and Africa will be sustained by partnerships like this that demonstrate our capability and commitment to technological independence,” she affirmed.
Moses Edoh, Head of Research and Development at Zinox Technologies, provided technical insights into the company’s diverse product portfolio and the philosophy driving their design approach.
He explained how Zinox, iTEC, and iPower brands compete successfully with foreign manufacturers by creating products tailored to specific customer needs.
“We were the first to produce and introduce hybrid inverters in Nigeria,” Edoh noted, “and every product in our lineup is designed to address the unique challenges Nigerians face daily.”
The Zinox product ecosystem showcases remarkable breadth and innovation. Their technology lineup features cutting-edge All-in-One Smart Boards, PCs with various specifications, tablets, desktops, monitors, and Point-of-Sale systems.
The iPower renewable energy division offers an impressive array of solutions including the Megaforce 125W, GridPro 50KW, Bijimi 30KW, Premium 11KW, Infiniti, Plus, iPower X, iPower Ascend All-in-One, Ascend, Matrix All-in-One, 3KG MPPT Solar Charge Controller, 665 Watts Bifacial Topcon Panel, various monocrystalline panels ranging from 320-550 Watts, multiple battery technologies (lithium, tubular, gel), solar street lights, and portable power banks.
The iTEC brand delivers power generating sets with 100% copper winding, while their consumer electronics range includes AI QLED Smart TVs from 33″ to 95″, microwave ovens, and rechargeable fans.
The testimonials from existing partners underscored the quality and durability of Zinox products. Engineer Anthony Anigbogu, Chief Executive Officer of Orbit Business shared his remarkable experience with an iPower hybrid inverter that served him faithfully for twelve years, only requiring replacement when he needed higher capacity. Such testimonials validate Zinox’s commitment to manufacturing products built for longevity.
Partners called for increased awareness campaigns, noting that many Nigerians continue relying on foreign brands despite having access to Nigerian-made solutions tailored to their unique needs. They pledged to actively promote these indigenous products within their networks.
With TD Africa’s expansive distribution network now channelling Zinox’s comprehensive product range, customers across the continent gain expanded access to world-class, Africa-optimized technology solutions.
Partners of both organizations stand to benefit enormously from this synergy, gaining access to innovative offerings including JOI (Just Own It) for individual consumers, TaaS (Technology as a Service) for corporate clients, and PaS (Product as a Service), among other solutions designed to make technology more accessible and affordable.
For organizations and individuals interested in exploring partnership opportunities or learning more about these innovative solutions, you can send an email to [email protected], with comprehensive information also available on their website.
This partnership represents not just a business alliance but a declaration of African technological capability, a testament that the continent can manufacture, distribute, and sustain world-class technology solutions designed by Africans, for Africans.
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