General News
50% of SMEs in Nigeria were Unable to Provide Consistent income to Workers – New Small Firm Diaries Research

Financial Access Initiative (FAI) research center of New York University (NYU) together with the Nigerian National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) this week released the results of the Nigeria Small Firm Diaries (SFD) study. Supported by the Mastercard Center for Inclusive Growth (CFIG), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (BMGF), and the Argidius Foundation, the global research project provides insight into the financial lives of small businesses in seven countries across Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.

Participants at the Small Firm Diaries Nigeria Research report launch at the Lagos Business School on Tuesday, 25th July 2023.
Results from the Nigeria study
In Nigeria, the study collected data from 161 small businesses in urban, suburban, or semi-rural areas surrounding three locations: Enugu, Kaduna, and Lagos, between August 2021 and August 2022. The study was focused on three industries—light manufacturing, agri-processing, and services—which all play a key role in Nigeria’s economic growth and development.
The study found that the Nigerian firms earn less than firms in the other countries studied. Half of the firms earned less than NGN 223,250 in monthly revenue (PPP USD 1,547) 1 . About half (46%) of the Nigerian firms reported holding a loan of any kind, most of these from informal sources, including suppliers, friends, and family. The research also concentrated on the welfare of employees in small firms, finding that the firms were not able to provide consistent income to workers.
Insights from the research illuminate how small businesses in Nigeria are faring when it comes to: 1 World Bank PPP Rates, NGN/PPP = 152.57
Volatility: The Nigerian small firms, like those in the other countries studied, experience volatile earnings: both revenue and expenses fluctuate from month-to-month.
Desire for growth and stability: When asked about their vision for their business, a large group of Nigerian firms (44%) said they wanted to both grow and gain stability. This population aspires to grow, but does not want to take on the additional risk (they already face a great deal of risk—for instance: fluctuations in demand, rising input prices, supply chain delays, employee issues) that is necessary for rapid growth. They want step-by-step growth that helps reduce volatility and risk.
Financial inclusion: Compared with other countries in the study, Nigerian firms have high rates of bank account ownership: 97% of small firm owners in Nigeria have bank accounts for business—more than in Kenya (79%), Colombia (70%), or Indonesia (65%). However, usage of accounts is less comprehensive, with only 20% of Nigerian firms moving more than three quarters of their transactions through bank accounts. Cash is still the dominant mode of transaction for this segment.
Digital financial services: Nigerian small firm owners use technology — three-quarters use either a smartphone or computer, or both for their business — as well as digital financial services, particularly debit cards, mobile banking, and ATMs. However, they use mobile wallets for business purposes at very low rates.
Credit gaps: Data from the study shows that working capital and liquidity are bigger needs to small firms than investment capital. Despite access to finance being a major barrier to firm owners’ vision for success, more than 40% of firm owners in Nigeria say they “rarely” or “never” need a loan, indicating that products in the market are not accessible or don’t meet their needs. Firms closely match revenues and expenses on a month-to-month basis, which also helps confirm that they lack working capital for day-to-day liquidity needs. Firms rarely take on any operating risk or expansion/growth opportunities that could result in negative monthly cash flow.
Job security: Employment at small firms is precarious. The number of jobs in a firm changes from month to month, and the individuals filling those jobs change frequently. Employee pay varies considerably even during the months they are working at a small firm. Only one-fifth of the small firm employees received their salaries continuously through the study; more than half of employees worked at the same firm for fewer than half of the months studied.
Employee welfare: Some 63% of employees in Nigeria reported difficulties with finances indicative of low-income status, including 51% who reported that a child in their household had not eaten enough in the past week. Both of these figures were higher in Nigeria compared to global sample averages.
In general, the study concluded that stability and growth is a priority for the entrepreneurs who participated in the year-long study. According to the research, these firms face high volatility in income and expenses. They cited “access to finance,” followed by “rising supply costs” as major barriers to achieving their vision of growth and stability.
About the Small Firm Diaries study
The Small Firm Diaries is a global research project conducted between 2021 and 2023 in seven countries: Kenya, Nigeria, Uganda, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Fiji and Colombia. The study aims to improve the understanding of how small businesses can overcome the barriers they face to prosper in the modern economy and contribute to reducing poverty.
In each country, a team of field researchers visited a sample of small business owners in low-income neighborhoods weekly for one full year to collect quantitative and qualitative data on their financial flows. This information sheds light on the economic decision-making, strategies, and constraints of small businesses as they navigate the effects of changes in local and global markets.
The Financial Access Initiative (FAI) research center of New York University, together with partners at the National Bureau of Statistics and the Lagos Business School, anticipate that study results will inform the design of future development policies, financial services and tools to help small businesses and their employees in Nigeria to prosper.
“As the premier agency for the collection, publication, and dissemination of official statistics on Nigeria, NBS was proud to collaborate with the international research team for the Small Firm Diaries project. This study is unique in Nigeria—it is the first large-scale project to gather high-frequency data from businesses of this size—and will allow policymakers to better understand and address the challenges facing these businesses,” said Statistician General Adeyemi Adeniran of the National Bureau of Statistics.
“At the Lagos Business School, we develop the next generation of business owners in Nigeria and Africa. This kind of data, which shines a light on the volatility facing small businesses and their working capital needs, is what we need to inform both government and private sector players who seek to develop policies, products, and services that reduce inequality and increase financial security amongst financially underserved communities,’ said Olayinka David-West, Associate Dean and Professor of Information Systems at the Lagos Business School.
“Small businesses have proved their resiliency in recent years, but still face many pressures to remain profitable. In our work to empower them across the globe as drivers of economic activity and growth, research like this is incredibly insightful. Knowing precisely what challenges small business owners are facing and how they see the future allows us to provide better and more tailored support, and ultimately, better and more meaningful outcomes. We’re proud to support this research, and we hope it can serve as a resource to small business support organizations in the public, private, and social sectors,” said Tania Kruger, Vice President and Head of SME Product & Commercialization, EEMEA at Mastercard.
“MSMEs are by far the biggest employer in low and middle-income economies. Despite decades of statistical research, fundamental questions remain about why some grow, and some stagnate. Our aim with this study has been to try to understand small firms from the bottom-up, by listening closely to how entrepreneurs and workers make choices on their own terms,” said Jonathan Morduch, Executive Director of the Financial Access Initiative and Professor of Public Policy and Economics at New York University.
“We hope the findings from the Small Firm Diaries will be used by others in their own research and initiatives to address the challenges facing small businesses in low- and middle-income communities in Nigeria, and around the world,” said Michelle Kempis, Associate Director of the Financial Access Initiative at New York University.
Uses and application of the study
The reports presented today—the Nigeria Country Data Overview and the Financial Services Report—will be followed by additional analysis and publications in the coming months. The research team will continue to analyze data and publish reports on the Nigerian small firms, including adding further global comparisons, as they seek to collaborate with partners in the public and private sectors to benefit small businesses in Nigeria.
The study aims to guide the policies and practices of a wide variety of players and stakeholders, and study results enable companies and governments to design or improve products and programs that increase the capacity and productivity of small businesses. It will also enable organizations to design financial services products, including digital financial services, that better meet the liquidity and investment needs of small businesses so that they can expand their businesses in terms of income, productivity, employment, and wages paid.
General News
US to Deny Applicants Saying they Fear Persecution @ Home Visas

United States has introduced further restrictions on potential asylum seekers by requiring US visa applicants to confirm they do not fear persecution in their home countries.

Donald Trump administration’s goal is to prevent individuals from using non-immigrant visas as a means to claim asylum once they reach US soil.
According to a diplomatic notice sent to all embassies and consulates this week, applicants for non-immigrant visas, including tourists, students, and temporary workers, must now affirm their safety at home to be eligible for entry.
This move is part of a broader shift in policies designed to tighten US immigration controls.
New screening procedures
Consular officers have been instructed to ask two specific questions during the application process:
“Have you experienced harm or mistreatment in your country of nationality or last habitual residence?”
“Do you fear harm or mistreatment in returning to your country of nationality or permanent residence?”
“Visa applicants must respond verbally with a ‘no’ to both questions for the consular officer to continue with visa issuance.”
The statement notes, “Consular officers must prevent abuse of the immigration system by visa applicants who misrepresent their purpose of travel, including those who attempt to obtain nonimmigrant visas for the purpose of claiming asylum upon arrival in the United States.”
A State Department spokesperson defended the measure, stating: “Consular officers are the first line of defence for US national security.
The department uses all available tools and resources to determine whether each visa applicant qualifies under US law”.
To qualify for asylum under current law, an individual must be physically present in the US and be fleeing persecution based on race, religion, or political affiliation.
However, immigration experts warn that these new requirements may force vulnerable individuals into dangerous situations.
Camille Mackler, an immigration policy consultant, told CNN that the directive “is going to put people in really bad, terrible positions of having to make choices that ultimately affect their and their family’s safety.”
She added: “I also think this pushes people to unsafer pathways and unsafer routes, because if you need to leave, you leave, and you do whatever you need to do to do that.”
The rule follows other recent measures, including increased vetting for student visas and a temporary suspension of immigrant visa processing for 75 countries earlier this year.
General News
Fiona Ahimie, MD First Securities Brokers Elected First Female President of the Chartered Institute of Stockbrokers

The Chartered Institute of Stockbrokers (CIS) has elected Fiona Ahmed Ahimie, Managing Director, First Securities Brokers Limited, a subsidiary of FirstHoldCo Plc., as its 14th President, making her the first woman to be elected President and Chairman of Council in the Institute’s history.

Her emergence is more than a leadership change it is a defining milestone that signals the rising influence of women at the highest levels of Nigeria’s financial services industry and underscores the evolving face of capital market leadership.
With close to two decades of distinguished experience spanning stockbroking, investment banking, private equity, real estate, wealth management and business development, Fiona brings deep market insight, global exposure and a proven track record of delivering growth and market impact.
She began her career at one of Nigeria’s prominent Stockbroking firms, where she built a solid foundation in capital market operations and foreign investor deal flows. She later joined FBN Capital (now FirstCap) as Head of Sales Trading, playing a pivotal role in managing both international and domestic institutional deal flows.
In 2015, she was appointed Managing Director of African Alliance Securities Nigeria, where she drove significant expansion in market share, client base, and cross-border transactions.
Since joining First Securities Brokers Limited in 2016, she has led a remarkable transformational growth, positioning the firm among Nigeria’s top-tier brokerage houses by 2018 through enhanced execution capabilities and increased global investor participation.
Beyond executive management, Fiona has held several board and board committee roles and currently serves on the boards of First Funds (the private equity arm of FirstHoldCo Group), NGX Real Estate Limited (a subsidiary of NGX Group), Japtini Logistics, and Awabaah (a micro- pensions business). She is also a member of the Statutory Audit Committee of the Central Securities Clearing System (CSCS).
An advocate of continuous learning and thought leadership, Fiona has received executive education from MIT Sloan School of Management (USA), IESE Business School (Spain), and INSEAD (France). She is a Doctorate candidate at Afe Babalola University Business School.
Her professional affiliations include being a Chartered Stockbroker, Chartered Accountant, and Chartered Director, she is also an Honorary Member of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria, she also serves on the Curriculum Review Committee of Lagos Business School and has been a mentor on the WIMBIZ Women on Boards Programme for four consecutive years.
Beyond corporate leadership, Fiona is deeply committed to philanthropy, supporting multiple institutions and sponsoring the education of young people reflecting her passion for inclusive growth and generational impact.
Her leadership philosophy is guided by enduring principles, excellence in execution, a refusal to settle for mediocrity, and an unwavering commitment to integrity and fairness.
Fiona’s presidency comes at a pivotal time for Nigeria’s capital market, as it navigates increased global integration, regulatory evolution, and rapid digital innovation. As President, she is poised to advance strategic priorities including deepening the market, strengthening professional standards, enhancing investor confidence, and nurturing the next generation of capital market professionals.
Fiona will assume office on April 30, 2026, with her formal investiture scheduled for June 25, 2026, where key stakeholders across Nigeria’s financial ecosystem are expected to gather to mark this historic leadership transition.
General News
Hackers Won’t Stop: NDPC Reports 1,500 Attacks, Warns Organisations

National Data Protection Commission (NDPC) has revealed that it recorded over 1,500 cyberattack attempts within a short period, exposing critical gaps in Nigeria’s data protection ecosystem.
The National Commissioner of NDPC, Dr. Vincent Olatunji, disclosed this in an interview with the News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) on the sidelines of a data protection training programme in Lagos.
Olatunji said the surge in cyberattacks forced the commission to temporarily shut down its network as a security measure to prevent hackers from breaching its systems.
“This temporary shutdown was a preventive move to stop the attackers from succeeding; it underscores how serious the threats have become,” he said.
Olatunji said cyber threats had become persistent and increasingly sophisticated, requiring organisations to adopt proactive and continuous security measures.
“Cyberattacks are no longer occasional; they are constant. Organisations must monitor their systems round the clock and remain up to date with security protocols,” Olatunji said.
He stressed that entities handling personal and sensitive data must implement robust cybersecurity frameworks, regular audits and incident‑response plans to reduce exposure.
The NDPC commissioner highlighted the acute shortage of qualified Data Protection Officers (DPOs) as a major challenge in Nigeria’s data protection landscape.
He said the Nigeria Data Protection Act mandates organisations to appoint DPOs, creating a surge in demand for certified professionals that the current workforce cannot meet.
“There is a significant gap between demand and supply of skilled personnel. This training is designed to prepare participants not just for certification, but to fill that gap effectively,” he said.
Olatunji said Nigeria’s data protection ecosystem had recorded notable growth under a Public‑Private Partnership (PPP) model, generating over 10 million dollars in value.
He also revealed that the framework had generated more than seven billion naira in government revenue through registration fees and fines.
“Beyond revenue, it has strengthened Nigeria’s global reputation and boosted investor confidence in how data is managed and protected,” he said.
On ransomware attacks, Olatunji warned organisations against paying ransoms, stressing that payment emboldened cybercriminals and encouraged further targeting.
“Once you pay, you empower attackers. The focus should be on strengthening systems to prevent breaches, having backup plans, and responding swiftly when incidents occur,” he said.
He urged both public and private institutions to prioritise resilience over quick fixes when dealing with cyber extortion.
Facilitator Dr. Taiwo Oyeleye said the ongoing training programme was designed to equip participants with both theoretical and practical knowledge of data protection and privacy.
“They will gain a clear understanding of data protection principles, organisational frameworks and technical safeguards required to secure sensitive information,” he said.
Oyeleye expressed confidence that participants would help bridge existing awareness and capacity gaps across sectors such as finance, health, telecommunications and government services.
Another facilitator, Mr. Wole Jacobs, advocated for stronger collaboration between the NDPC and the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) to confront emerging cyber threats.
Jacobs said the training would enhance participants’ capacity to protect data, promote awareness and contribute to Nigeria’s digital‑transformation agenda.
He emphasised the need for continuous learning and adherence to global best practices in cybersecurity and data‑privacy standards.
E-Financial3 days agoNew CBN’s BVN Rules Starts Today
Telecom3 days agoFG Okays 112 as Toll-Free National Emergency Response Number
E-Business2 days agoOpay Plans IPO in US, Targets $4Bn in Valuation
Telecom3 days agoCourt Order Ensures Access to Essential Airtime and Data Services for Millions of Nigerians
Telecom2 days agoALTON Rues Vandalism, Others as Critical Infrastructures Suffer Attacks
General News3 days agoShareholders of MTN Nigeria Okay N152Bn Fintech Restructuring
General News3 days agoNigeria’s CardForté Turns Five, Showcasing Impact on Domestic Payment Infrastructure
E-Financial3 days agoEFCC Warns Fintech Firms over Rising Fraud, Ransom Payments














