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Giving Telephone Access to Rural Dwellers

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The developmental history of telephony in Nigeria shows that the telephone service had always being targeted at the urban dweller to the exclusion of the rural dweller that forms a major thrust of the economy. Rather than being conceptualized as a tool for economic development, the telephone at inception in Nigeria was a tool in support of colonial administration.
At post-independence in 1960, there were a total of 18,724 lines to a population of 40 million. This translated to a teledensity of 0.5 telephone lines per 1,000 people. The telephone network consisted of 121 exchanges of which 116 were manual (magneto type).
The situation challenged post-independence governments, desirous of socio-economic developments. Several steps had to be taken at different stages; including segmented development plans and finally liberalization of the industry in 1992. All of these were aimed at increasing teledensity, modernizing the system and increasing the geographical coverage. In spite of all of these efforts, the gap between demand and supply remained embarrassingly wide in favour of demand.
Opening up the rural communities through integration into the national and global telephone networks will enhance exploitation of the economic potentials of the communities, improve the standards of living of the rural dwellers reduce, significantly, the level of poverty and improve the national income profile. Viewed from the fact that about 70% of Nigeria is rural and agrarian, this scheme is considered necessary and urgent, a fact that makes the use of easily deployable facilities necessary. It is appreciated that the rural communities may not be attractive to the private investor who is out to make profit; the scheme can be driven by government through legislations, inducements to private investors and possibly by forming partnerships with them.     
ITU statistics show that there are 3.3 billion telephone subscribers in Africa, which is equal to about 40% of the population. It has been shown that up to 15 different people with different SIM cards in some villages may be using a single mobile handset, and that low income households are willing to spend 4-8% of their income on mobile-related costs. The London School of Economics alleges that 10 additional mobiles per 10,000 people improve GDP by 0.5%.
Benefits of Mobiles to dwellers
Farmers and other rural people have rapidly learned how to use their mobiles in various ways apart from phone calls. Farmers use SMS in relation to market access, interacting with traders and middlemen to distribute and receive information about products, prices, and availability. Some examples of concrete evidence were offered in reference to the direct benefits to farmers from telephony in rural sectors found in some IFAD projects:
In Zambia, farmers’ productivity has greatly increased along with their income. More so, in Tanzania, fishermen on the Great Lakes are able to communicate with one another and share information about the demand of fish and the prices in the various markets in which they sell. In this way, their productivity and income have increased, while they have avoided over-fishing and are protecting the natural resources.
Against this backdrop that federal government conceived Rural Telephony project geared towards affording dwellers access to communications tools which private operators may not afford them basically because such areas are not commercially viable, especially when there are no incentives to attract such investment.
Government’s aim of the project is to provide the nation’s rural communities with access to information and communication as a way of bridging the digital divide. The 218 LGAs benefiting from the project, in the phase I cover two local governments in each Senatorial District. The remaining phases II and III of the project, is being built by three vendors : Huawei Technologies, ZTE Corporation and Shangai Bell (all of China ) It is expected to provide 638,000 subscriber lines spread across 556 LGAs. The first phase of the NRT project, which was financed by the Chinese Government through a US$200 million concessionaire loan to Nigeria, is made to create in the rural areas, a critical infrastructure with which to build a development oriented information society where every one has access to a facility to share information and knowledge. The project is being supervised by federal ministry of information and communications.
The implementation of the project, a mix of technology was adopted involving Fixed Wireline and fixed Wireless Code Division Multiple Access, (CDMA), both of which are expected to provide Voice, Data, Internet and other value added services.
“The fixed Wire-line (Exchange) System provides such services as voice, facsimile and Dail-up connections at data rate of up to 64 kbps (Internet). Transmission to the switch/exchange is by two types of technologies namely, through Optic Fibre Cable (OFC) where there are short distances involved and, through Micro wave Radio system, where long distances are involved.”
Rural Telephony Project
The first phase of Rural Telephony Project (RTP), which Federal Government embarked upon in 2002, has now been handed over to some Private Telecommunication Operators (PTOs).
Prof. Dora Akunyili, Minister of Information and Communications, said Federal Government has transferred the project to PTO’s to ensure sustainability of the networks and achieve government policy objectives of universal access to telecommunications. The five companies are Key Communications Limited, Suburban Broadband Limited, Voicewares Network Limited, Gicell Wireless Limited and Hezonic Limited.
The project failed to deliver and government in 2008 went finding who could handle it within the private sector. All the five companies which bided and got the projects are not known to have installed telephones for rural usage anywhere in the world, said telecom industry experts.
According to industry watchers, chances are that one or two of the companies may just be able to do a few locations while others may never even take off ground going by the cost-and-effect analysis of the kind of fees government said they have offered to take over the remnants of the failed project and challenging issues of interconnection and cost of doing business at that level. This is happening as none of the five companies can boost of operating its won rural telephony network for the realization of the intensions of government to give communications access to the rural areas.
It is not unusual for governments in developing economies to use the argument that their citizens must be accessible to telephony to go into wild expenditure on grandiose projects without good technical or business plans. Forces of incapacity and corruption have their ways of making such plans turn out to be wastes in all places where they happened, the experts maintained.

They added that it is also not unusual for smart equipment vendors to talk corrupt governments into signing deals, which on the surface appear patriotic, but which really are ab initio designed to help such vendors to dump their untested technologies in rural communities of developing economies only to send the latter into several years of debt and confusion.
USPF effort
Apart from the positive bust in communications which has seen the country increasingly connected, the efforts of the Nigerian government in spreading modern communications growth and development to the far ends of the country which house the unserved and underserved population, is to say the least, insignificant.
However, the government had deliberately created the Universal Service Provision Fund (USPF), putting it in an auspicious position to serve as a vehicle for this essential service delivery.
Created under the Nigerian Communications Act (NCA) 2003, USPF is designed to promote widespread availability and usage of network services throughout the country by encouraging the installation of network facilities and the provision of network services to institutions and to unserved and underserved areas and groups in the country.
In brief, on behalf of the Nigerian government, USPF has the mandate to interface with the Nigerian people, facilitating and enhancing network availability and service quality where otherwise it would have been impossible.
Unfortunately, industry observers had expressed worry that 7 years down the line, the Fund as a body, was almost lacking in most of these functions.
USPF however, thinks otherwise, defending its position stoutly that it has been implementing strategies that can give teeth to rural telephony in the country.
But a USPF source said that with government providing a special vehicle in USPF which has further made it possible to quickly access far ends of the country and primary and higher institutions, it means therefore that a steady seed of progress has to be sown to make creation of those jobs possible.
Presenting a roadmap to this seed of progress, Mr. Funso Fayomi, USPF Secretary, said that "in trying to carry out its mandate of providing universal access to ICT to all Nigerians, the USPF has found that collaboration between government, community based organisations, the private sector and other stakeholders is the best approach. The public sector will typically provide the financial backbone while the communities and the private sector will remain primary drivers for the implementation and sustenance of services".
Giving what looks like a situation report but on which other development modules will be built, Fayomi said that across the different geopolitical zones of the country, USPF has 115 Community Communications Centres (CCC) and 76 subsidized Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) at different levels of completion.
In addition, the USPF has also provided 476 government secondary schools with 100 computers, a 5KVA generator and broadband connectivity, per school, under the School Access Programme (SAP), 68 Tertiary Institutions with 100 desktops and broadband connectivity (per school) under the TiAP Project.
In all of these what makes meaning to rural dwellers is availability of telecommunications tools necessary to facility their means of livelihood as well as better their live which will invariably reduce rural to urban drift. Observers are yet to see any evidence to shown that Rural Telephony Project of the federal government which its first phase has being completed is working, as no community as at today can make come out to attest that it is using the service in spite of the fact that it has been handed over to private operators.
What these communities need is functional network that will deliver the required communications tools at reduced cost and not media hype by various agencies saddled with the responsibility of providing them with such service.

 

 

 


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Airtel Nigeria Launches Web Data Calculator to Give Customers Greater Visibility into Data Usage

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Airtel Nigeria has launched the Airtel Web Data Calculator, a new digital tool designed to help customers estimate and better understand their internet data consumption based on real-life usage patterns.

The launch comes amid a broader industry effort to improve transparency around data consumption and strengthen customer confidence in mobile broadband services.

It also aligns with ongoing collaboration between telecommunications operators and the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) to address customer concerns about data depletion and improve quality of service across the sector.

Recent industry initiatives have included customer education campaigns, daily usage notifications, billing audits, customer engagement forums, and the development of new tools that provide greater visibility into how data is consumed.

Available through Airtel’s website, the calculator enables customers to estimate data usage across common digital activities such as video streaming, social media engagement, voice and video calls, and everyday web browsing. By translating online behaviour into understandable data estimates, the tool empowers customers to make more informed decisions about their data plans and digital habits.

Speaking on the launch, Oladokun Oye, Customer Experience Director, Airtel Nigeria, said the initiative reflects Airtel’s commitment to customer empowerment and service transparency.

“As Nigerians become increasingly dependent on digital services for work, education, entertainment and communication, it is important that customers have clear visibility into how their data is consumed. The Airtel Web Data Calculator was developed to help our customers understand their usage patterns better, make informed choices, and enjoy greater confidence in their digital experience,” he said.

Oye added that customer concerns around data depletion have remained a recurring topic across the telecommunications industry, making transparency a critical component of customer experience.

“We believe that trust grows when customers have access to clear information. This tool is another step in our ongoing efforts to simplify the customer experience, provide greater clarity around data consumption, and support informed decision-making,” he said.

The launch follows a period of intensified engagement between telecom operators, regulators and consumers on data usage awareness. The NCC has consistently emphasized that many instances of perceived rapid data depletion are linked to factors such as high-definition video streaming, automatic application updates, cloud synchronization, background app activity and evolving smartphone capabilities. The regulator has encouraged operators to improve customer education and develop tools that help subscribers better understand their consumption patterns.

Industry data underscores the importance of such initiatives. Nigeria recorded more than 13 million terabytes of internet consumption in 2025, reflecting the country’s accelerating digital transformation and growing dependence on mobile broadband services.

Commenting on the significance of the launch, Dinesh Balsingh, Chief Executive Officer, Airtel Nigeria, said the company remains focused on building a network and customer experience ecosystem anchored on trust, transparency and continuous improvement.

“The future of telecommunications will be defined not only by network investments but also by how effectively operators help customers understand and manage their digital lives. The Airtel Web Data Calculator represents a practical innovation that places more information and control directly in the hands of our customers.”

He noted that Airtel continues to invest heavily in network modernization, customer experience initiatives and digital tools that improve service quality while making telecommunications services easier to understand and use.

“We welcome the industry’s collective focus on transparency and commend the NCC’s continued collaboration with operators to strengthen consumer confidence. As data becomes increasingly central to everyday life, Airtel will continue to develop solutions that make connectivity more accessible, transparent and rewarding for every customer.”

The launch also builds on Airtel Nigeria’s recent customer engagement initiatives, including forums dedicated to helping subscribers better understand data usage, value optimization and service quality. These engagements have brought together customers, regulators and Airtel executives to foster greater awareness and dialogue around digital consumption.

The Airtel Web Data Calculator is now available to customers nationwide and can be accessed via Airtel Nigeria’s website.

 


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NCC Board Reviews Telecom Sector, Notes Progress in Network Expansion, Consumer Compensation

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The Board of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has commended telecommunications operators for ongoing investments aimed at improving network coverage, capacity and quality of service across the country.

NCC Board Reviews Telecom Sector, Notes Progress in Network Expansion, Consumer Compensation

NCC

This was contained in a communiqué issued at the end of the Commission’s 109th Board Meeting held on May 25 in Abuja.

According to the communiqué, Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) have planned the deployment of more than 12,000 additional coverage and capacity sites nationwide, with over 5,000 already completed, representing more than 40 per cent of the target.

The Board also noted that fibre connectivity had been extended to more than 700 sites to improve network resilience, backhaul capacity and service reliability.

It added that co-location and infrastructure sharing licensees had upgraded equipment across more than 2,000 Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) to support network expansion and compliance with quality-of-service obligations.

The Board reviewed the implementation of the Commission’s directive requiring operators to compensate subscribers affected by poor service quality in areas where prescribed standards were not met.

It noted that full compliance by operators had resulted in compensation being offered to more than 75 million affected subscribers.

The Board said efforts were ongoing to independently verify operators’ claims and ensure that all eligible subscribers received the compensation due to them.

However, it expressed concern that tower infrastructure providers had only partially complied with directives requiring the reinvestment of regulatory fines into infrastructure upgrades through escrow accounts.

On broadband development, the Board noted rising data consumption across the country but observed that growth remained constrained by infrastructure limitations, reliance on mobile internet and duplication of assets.

It welcomed the growth in Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) subscriptions, which rose from 84,141 in the fourth quarter of 2025 to 210,065 connections as of the first quarter of 2026.

According to the Board, expanding fixed broadband infrastructure will help reduce pressure on mobile networks, improve service quality and provide consumers with more connectivity options.

The Board also noted that the Commission was reviewing the telecommunications market structure to reflect current realities in both the wholesale and retail segments of the industry.

It reaffirmed that broader access to wholesale backbone fibre and expanded metropolitan fibre networks would help lower connectivity costs, improve network resilience and support the Federal Government’s digital transformation agenda.

The Board further identified infrastructure vandalism as a major challenge affecting industry growth despite ongoing efforts by security agencies to protect telecommunications facilities designated as Critical National Information Infrastructure (CNII).

It called for greater collaboration among stakeholders and disclosed that the Commission was exploring the feasibility of establishing a Communications Industry Security Trust Fund to strengthen infrastructure protection.

The Board also reviewed ongoing engagements with industry players on the development of a framework for zero-rating educational platforms and content to promote digital inclusion and improve educational outcomes.

In addition, the Board approved the appointment of Princess Oforitsenere Emiko, a Non-Executive Commissioner of the NCC, as Interim Chairman of the Governing Board of the Digital Bridge Institute (DBI).

It also approved the appointments of Engr. Abraham Oshadami, Executive Commissioner, Technical Services, and Ms. Rimini Makama, Executive Commissioner, Stakeholder Management, as interim members of the DBI Governing Board.

The Board reiterated the Commission’s commitment to fostering a sustainable and inclusive communications sector through improved quality of service, network resilience, consumer protection, transparency, fair competition and market discipline.


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FG’s $10m Hello.cv Deal Sparks Outrage as Experts Question Snub of .ng Domain

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Stakeholders in Nigeria’s Information and Communications Technology (ICT) sector have expressed concerns over the inclusion of a foreign country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in a recent partnership under the Federal Government’s 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme.

FG's $10m Hello.cv Deal Sparks Outrage as Experts Question Snub of .ng Domain

The concerns followed the announcement by the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy (FMCIDE) of a 10 million-dollar partnership with Hello.cv, a platform associated with Cape Verde’s “.cv” country code domain.

Under the agreement, 20,000 beneficiaries of the 3MTT programme will receive access to Hello.cv’s profile package, which includes a personal .cv domain, an artificial intelligence-powered job search agent and professional CV writing services.

Some industry stakeholders argue that the arrangement appears inconsistent with the Federal Government’s “Nigeria First Policy”, which encourages Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) to prioritise local products and services.

The policy, approved by the Federal Executive Council in May 2025, seeks to reduce dependence on foreign goods and services, strengthen domestic industries and create jobs.

Speaking on the development, Chief Executive Officer of DNS Africa Media and Communications, Dr. Adebunmi Akinbo, said the use of a foreign domain for Nigerian trainees raised questions about data protection and digital sovereignty.

According to him, the country’s indigenous domain, .ng, managed by the Nigeria Internet Registration Association, is capable of accommodating the beneficiaries and should have been prioritised.

“If branding is important to the company, there are alternatives such as integrating the service within the .ng ecosystem. The focus should remain on promoting Nigeria’s digital identity and protecting citizens’ data,” he said.

Akinbo also expressed concerns about the storage and management of data generated through the platform, noting that government agencies should ensure that local digital assets remain at the forefront of national digital development efforts.

Also commenting, Emmanuel Amos, Chief Executive Officer of Programos and Innovationbed-AI Academy, said government institutions needed to demonstrate consistency in implementing policies designed to strengthen local technology ecosystems.

According to him, Nigeria must develop the institutional commitment required to support indigenous technology solutions and maximise value from local innovation.

The stakeholders noted that while the training partnership itself was commendable, the inclusion of a foreign domain component had generated questions about compliance with the spirit of the Nigeria First Policy.

Ugonma Egwuatu, an ICT and data protection expert at ECAM Global Services, called for greater clarity regarding data governance arrangements under the partnership.

She said agencies responsible for data protection should be satisfied that adequate safeguards were in place for the personal information of programme beneficiaries.

“We are dealing with the data of about 20,000 individuals. There should be clear explanations regarding how the data will be managed, protected and utilised,” she said.

Egwuatu added that transparency regarding data handling processes and any third-party arrangements would help address concerns among stakeholders.

The partnership is part of ongoing efforts by the ministry to equip young Nigerians with digital skills and improve their access to employment opportunities in the global technology ecosystem.

As of the time of filing this report, the ministry had not publicly responded to the concerns raised by stakeholders regarding the domain component of the partnership.


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