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African Debt Issuance Raised $15.5Bn Proceeds for 2015

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Thomson Reuters, the world’s leading source of intelligent information for businesses and professionals, has released the annual investment banking analysis for Sub-Saharan Africa.

According to estimates from Thomson Reuters / Freeman Consulting, Sub-Saharan African investment banking fees reached $476.4 million in 2015, 24% more than the value recorded during the same period of last year. Fees from completed M&A transactions totalled $174.5 million, a 96% increase from last year and the highest annual period since 2011.

Sneha Shah, managing director, Africa, Thomson Reuters, said: “The value of announced M&A transactions with any Sub-Saharan African involvement reached US$66.7 billion for 2015, 73% more than the value registered during 2014.”

“Sub-Saharan African equity and equity-related issuance totaled $3.9 billion during the fourth quarter of 2015, a 93% sequential increase in value from the third quarter of 2015. Sub-Saharan African debt issuance raised a total of $15.5 billion in proceeds for 2015, a 22% decline compared to last year, and the lowest annual period since 2012,” she added. 

In respect to investment banking fees, fees from debt capital markets underwriting also increased 41% year-on-year to reach $63.0 million.  Syndicated lending fees fell 21% from over a year ago to US$108.1 million.

Equity capital markets underwriting fees grew 14% to US$130.8 million, and accounted for 27% of the overall Sub-Saharan African investment banking fee pool.

Rand Merchant Bank earned the most investment banking fees in Sub-Saharan Africa for 2015, a total of $48.5 million for a 10.2% share of the total fee pool. 

Rand Merchant Bank also topped the completed M&A fee rankings during 2015. Java Capital (Proprietary) Ltd took the lead for ECM underwriting with 14.4% share of the ECM fee pool. 

Deutsche Bank took first place for DCM underwriting with 13.2% share of the total DCM fees. Standard Chartered ranked first place for syndicated loans fees and captured 11.1% of the loans fee share.
 
As for M&A deals, outbound activity increased 13% compared to 2014 and reached US$6.7 billion in deal value.

South Africa’s overseas acquisitions accounted for 74% of Sub-Saharan African outbound M&A activity, while acquisitions from Mauritius and Seychelles companies accounted for 19% and 4%, respectively.

Inbound M&A significantly grew by 283% year-on-year to US$41.1 billion, the highest annual period in any given year. Domestic and inter-Sub-Saharan African M&A reached US$11.9 billion, down 32% from last year.

The Consumer Products & Services industry was the most active sector with $24.0 billion worth of deals, and accounted for 36.0% of Sub-Saharan African involvement M&A.

The largest deal with Sub-Saharan African involvement in 2015 was the $22.6 billion reverse takeover transaction of Steinhoff International Holdings NV facilitated by an offer from Genesis International Holdings NV. Goldman Sachs topped the 2015 announced Any Sub-Saharan African Involvement M&A League Table with US$15.9 billion and captured 23.8% market share.
 
In respect to Equity Capital Markets, Sub-Saharan African ECM activity was up by 37% year-on-year to reach US$9.3 billion in 2015. This is the highest annual period for the region’s ECM activity since 2007. 

Ten initial public offerings raised $544.5 million and accounted for 6% of the ECM activity in the region, while follow-on offerings and convertibles accounted for 81% and 13% market share, respectively. 

Naspers Ltd raised US$2.5 billion from a follow-on offering in December, the largest equity offering in the region so far this year. Citi took first place in the 2015 Sub-Saharan African ECM ranking with a 21% market share.

As for Debt Capital Markets, South Africa was the most active issuer nation with $5.5 billion in bond proceeds which accounted for 35% of market activity, followed by Ivory Coast with 28% market share worth US$4.3 billion in proceeds. The Republic of Angola offered the largest bond issuance for the region this year with its $1.5 billion sovereign debt in the form of Eurobonds.  Deutsche Bank took the top spot in the Sub-Saharan African bond ranking for 2015 with a 19% share of the market.


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Trump Threatens More Strikes in Nigeria

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President Donald Trump has warned that the United States could carry out further military strikes in Nigeria if Christians continue to be killed, reigniting a sensitive debate over religious violence and foreign intervention in Africa’s most populous nation.

Trump Threatens More Strikes in Nigeria

President Donald Trump

Trump made the remarks in an interview with The New York Times, published on Thursday, while responding to questions about a US military strike carried out in Nigeria on Christmas Day.

At the time, the US military said the operation targeted Islamic State militants in north-west Nigeria and was conducted at the request of the Nigerian government.

Nigeria, however, described the operation as a joint counterterrorism effort, stressing that it was aimed at armed groups designated as terrorists and “had nothing to do with a particular religion”.

“I’d love to make it a one-time strike,” Trump was quoted as saying. “But if they continue to kill Christians, it will be a many-time strike.”

Pressed on comments by his own Africa adviser that extremist groups such as Islamic State and Boko Haram have killed more Muslims than Christians in Nigeria, Trump acknowledged that Muslims were also victims but insisted that Christians were being targeted disproportionately.

“I think that Muslims are being killed also in Nigeria. But it’s mostly Christians,” he said.

Trump has repeatedly raised alarms about the safety of Christians in Nigeria, beginning in late October when he warned that Christianity faced what he described as an “existential threat” in the country. He has accused Nigerian authorities of failing to adequately protect Christian communities and has openly threatened US military intervention if the violence continues.

Nigeria has firmly rejected claims of systematic persecution of Christians. The government maintains that the country’s security challenges are complex and largely driven by insurgency, banditry and criminal violence rather than religious targeting.

With a population of more than 230 million people, Nigeria is almost evenly divided between Christians, who are concentrated mainly in the south, and Muslims, who predominate in the north. Islamist insurgencies, particularly Boko Haram and its offshoots, have plagued parts of northern Nigeria for more than a decade, killing thousands and displacing millions.

Nigerian authorities have repeatedly pointed out that militant attacks have claimed the lives of both Muslims and Christians, arguing that framing the violence along religious lines oversimplifies the crisis and risks inflaming tensions.

Following Trump’s earlier threats, the Nigerian government said it was willing to continue cooperating with Washington in combating terrorism but rejected language suggesting that Christians alone were under threat.

The latest comments are likely to strain diplomatic relations further, as Nigeria balances its partnership with the United States against concerns over sovereignty, security cooperation and the portrayal of its internal conflicts on the global stage.


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OpenAI Launches ChatGPT Health

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OpenAI maker of ChatGPT is rolling out a health-focused feature to the generative artificial intelligence (AI) tool that’s used by nearly a billion users.

Named ChatGPT Health, the new feature aims to provide users with health and wellness information. This, as health is one of the most common ways people use ChatGPT, according to OpenAI.

In a blog post, Microsoft-backed OpenAI says de-identified analysis of conversations show that over 230 million people globally ask health and wellness-related questions on ChatGPT every week.

ChatGPT Health will also “securely” connect medical records and wellness apps to ground conversations with a user’s own health information, making responses more relevant and useful.

“Designed in close collaboration with physicians, ChatGPT Health helps people take a more active role in understanding and managing their health and wellness – while supporting, not replacing, care from clinicians.”

According to OpenAI, health information is often scattered across portals, apps, wearables, PDFs, and medical notes making it hard to see the full picture, and people are left to navigate a complex healthcare system on their own.

“ChatGPT Health builds on these so responses are informed by your health information and context. You can now securely connect medical records and wellness apps – like Apple Health, Function, and MyFitnessPal – so ChatGPT can help you understand recent test results, prepare for appointments with your doctor, get advice on how to approach your diet and workout routine, or understand the trade-offs of different insurance options based on your healthcare patterns.”

According to the company, ChatGPT Health is designed to support, not replace, medical care, adding that it is not intended for diagnosis or treatment. “Instead, it helps you navigate everyday questions and understand patterns over time – not just moments of illness – so you can feel more informed and prepared for important medical conversations.

“To keep your health information protected and secure, Health operates as a separate space with enhanced privacy to protect sensitive data. Conversations in Health are not used to train our foundation models. If you start a health-related conversation in ChatGPT, we’ll suggest moving into Health for these additional protections.”

OpenAI adds that access to ChatGPT Health has started with a small group of early users to learn and continue refining the experience, adding that users with ChatGPT Free, Go, Plus, and Pro plans outside of the European Economic Area, Switzerland, and the UK are eligible.

“As we make improvements, we plan to expand access and make Health available to all users on web and iOS in the coming weeks.

“Medical record integrations and some apps are available in the US only, and connecting Apple Health requires iOS.”


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Kaspersky Shares AI Cybersecurity Predictions for 2026

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Kaspersky experts outline how the rapid development of AI is reshaping the cybersecurity landscape in 2026, both for individual users and for businesses. Large language models (LLMs) are influencing defensive capabilities while simultaneously expanding opportunities for threat actors.

Deepfakes are becoming a mainstream technology, and awareness will continue to grow. Companies are increasingly discussing the risks of synthetic content and training employees to reduce the likelihood of falling victim to it. As the volume of deepfakes grows, so does the range of formats in which they appear.

At the same time, awareness is rising not only within organisations but also among regular users: end consumers encounter fake content more often and better understand the nature of such threats. As a result, deepfakes are becoming a stable element of the security agenda, requiring a systematic approach to training and internal policies.

Deepfake quality will improve through better audio and a lowering barrier to entry. The visual quality of deepfakes is already high, while realistic audio remains the main area for future growth.

At the same time, content generation tools are becoming easier to use: even non-experts can now create a mid-quality deepfake in just a few clicks. As a result, the average quality continues to rise, creation becomes accessible to a far broader audience, and these capabilities will inevitably continue to be leveraged by cybercriminals.

Online deepfakes will continue to evolve but remain tools for advanced users. Real-time face and voice swapping technologies are improving, but their setup still requires more advanced technical skills. Wide adoption is unlikely, yet the risks in targeted scenarios will grow: increasing realism and the ability to manipulate video through virtual cameras make such attacks more convincing.

Efforts to develop a reliable system for labelling AI-generated content will continue. There are still no unified criteria for reliably identifying synthetic content, and current labels are easy to bypass or remove, especially when working with open-source models. For this reason, new technical and regulatory initiatives aimed at addressing the problem are likely to emerge.

Open-weight models will approach top closed models in many cybersecurity-related tasks, which create more opportunities for misuse. Closed models still offer stricter control mechanisms and safeguards, limiting abuse.

However, open-source systems are rapidly catching up in functionality and circulate without comparable restrictions. This blurs the difference between proprietary models and open-source models both of which can be used efficiently for undesired or malicious purposes.

The line between legitimate and fraudulent AI-generated content will become increasingly blurred. AI can already produce well-crafted scam emails, convincing visual identities, and high-quality phishing pages.

At the same time, major brands are adopting synthetic materials in advertising, making AI-generated content look familiar and visually “normal.” As a result, distinguishing real from fake will become even more challenging, both for users and for automated detection systems.

AI will become a cross-chain tool in cyberattacks and be used across most stages of the kill chain. Threat actors already employ LLMs to write code, build infrastructure, and automate operational tasks.

Further advances will reinforce this trend: AI will increasingly support multiple stages of an attack, from preparation and communication to assembling malicious components, probing for vulnerabilities and deploying tools. Attackers will also work to hide signs of AI involvement, making such operations harder to analyse.

“While AI tools are being used in cyberattacks, they are also becoming a more common tool in security analysis and influence how SOC teams work. Agent-based systems will be able to continuously scan infrastructure, identify vulnerabilities, and gather contextual information for investigations, reducing the amount of manual routine work.

“As a result, specialists will shift from manually searching for data to making decisions based on already-prepared context. In parallel, security tools will transition to natural-language interfaces, enabling prompts instead of complex technical queries,” adds Vladislav Tushkanov, Research Development Group Manager at Kaspersky.

 


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