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Expert Calls for Risks Mitigation on Mobile Payment

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Emmanuel  Okoegwale, principal consultant at MobileMoneyAfrica, has said that there need proper understanding of the risk involved in providing financial services through the mobile phone to banked and unbanked populations using the agent networks.

Okoegwale’s call came on the heels of the expected licensing of applicants from financial institutions and independent providers forming consortia eagerly to provide mobile payment in the country.

He told Nigeria CommunicationsWeek that the mobile payment industry will change the way consumers interact with financial services and make payments.

According to him, mobile financial services will include consumer accounts information, updates, alerts, bill payments, person to person transactions and remittances.

Okoegwale said to achieve this that there are several risks to be dealt with and mitigated with workable and proven approaches in a new entrant country like Nigeria.

He said, the outcomes of not putting mitigants in place might be severe and will determine the success of the outcomes.

According to him, there are numerous risks like systemic, reputation, liquidity, legal and operational.

The consumer is to be protected and potential effects of risks mitigated so as to establish service level that can protect them. In situation where there are shortcomings, the consumer will be faced with some situations that might have significant negative effect on service delivery.
Scenario One
Customer is charged illegal side fees that are not authorized by the mobile money provider?
Agents are signed on to serve the provider as the last mile to the customer and most customer facing transactions will take place at the agent point. Agents can take advantage of customers’ illiteracy or limited pricing information to charge extra charges. This presents operational and reputational risk for the providers.
The mitigation for the above will include, providers using picture based simple diagrams to explain fees charges for different service levels and must be conspicuously displayed at all agent locations. This should also be translated into different local languages and mandatory pricing disclosures must be strictly managed at agent locations.
In case of customers attempt to seek pricing clarification from provider aside the agents, providers support centres should be accessible and able to provide such information in a clear and easily understood format.
Scenario  Two
Provider’s Agent collected cash from client but fails to provide e-money or transfers the amount to recipient bank account or desired third party.
Agent receives funds from a service user but misdirects funds to the agent’s own benefit. This situation could arise in one of two ways:
The consumer could be an existing customer without their phone with them, so they would not receive the transaction confirmation while with the agent.
The consumer may not be a customer but requests that the agent sends money to an existing customer, so does not receive independent phone confirmation of the transaction.
Mitigation:
Require that service users receive, and know they have a right to receive, clear confirmation that funds have been received and where they have been directed. This may include a paper receipt, if the customer does not have a phone. Service providers should also enforce transaction log books to be signed off by the agent and end users. This can be the only evidence that will be available for a future audit trail.
End user education and awareness that users should have their cell phone available to ensure receipt of transaction Confirmations. Cell battery level should be checked before transactions and sms inbox availability is key.
The above scenario is a Reputational risk which could also lead to legal risk.
Scenario Three
Individual poses as agent to collect deposits or payments from unsuspecting customers. Some criminal elements will take advantage of the new systems to defraud end users by posing as agents especially in the rural outpost or busy commercial centres to pose as agents.
First steps is to rely on the end users education to transact only at recognized and registered agent location with consistent and verifiable Agent ID which is clearly displayed at the agent location and in some cases where rogue agents are on the increase, providers may adopt a colour code same method used by Mobile network operators at airtime vendors outlets.
Ability for any user to check status of agents anytime should be build into the system. Some agents might had been decommission or deactivated but are still actively trading. Simple sms solutions like sending agent ID to a short code should be provided. Example,send LAG 027  to short code  3030 ( where Lag means Lagos, 027 – Agent Number).
The regulator will also update agent list on a periodic basis and make such information available to the public.
Above represents an operation, reputational and legal risk for the provider.


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NGX Unveils Net-Zero Plan for Greener Capital Market

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Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX) has launched the NGX Net-Zero Programme to guide listed companies toward clear carbon reduction pathways and enhanced climate disclosures aligned with global investor standards.

NGX Unveils Net-Zero Plan for Greener Capital Market

NGX

The high-level launch engaged chief executives of quoted firms alongside development partners including German Investment Corporation KfW, DEG, and African Foresight Group (AFG), NGX’s implementation partner. Issuers and investors discussed financing decarbonisation, sustainability practices, and attracting climate-aligned capital.

NGX Group Chairman Dr Umaru Kwairanga described the initiative as concrete climate action, commending partners for two years of groundwork. “Today marks leadership and decisive action. Climate change has become a core business imperative, with capital markets mobilising capital and setting standards,” Kwairanga said.

He positioned NGX Net-Zero to support emissions measurement, disclosure, capacity building, and sustainable finance access, urging CEOs to embrace it strategically rather than as compliance. Kwairanga reaffirmed NGX’s goal to make Nigeria’s capital market Africa’s green finance hub.

Group CEO Temi Popoola called climate action a business imperative, noting sustainability-embedded firms attract capital, manage risks, and stay competitive. DEG Management Board Member Monika Beck highlighted partnerships scaling impactful, commercially viable climate solutions.

The event closed with a ceremonial gong marking the programme launch and send-off for outgoing DEG Regional Director Bernd Telemann.


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Nigeria Off EU High-Risk Money Laundering List in Major Financial Win

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Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) has hailed Nigeria’s removal from the European Union’s list of high-risk third countries for Anti-Money Laundering and Countering the Financing of Terrorism (AML/CFT) as a landmark achievement endorsing the nation’s reform efforts.

Nigeria Off EU High-Risk Money Laundering List in Major Financial Win

Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU)

NFIU CEO Hafsat Abubakar Bakari said the delisting, contained in European Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) C (2025) 8460 adopted December 4, 2025 and effective January 29, 2026, affirms sustained AML/CFT and Counter Proliferation Financing (CPF) reforms.

The move follows Nigeria’s exit from the FATF Jurisdictions under Increased Monitoring after addressing strategic deficiencies, alongside Burkina Faso, Mali, Mozambique, South Africa and Tanzania.

Bakari noted the European Commission recognised Nigeria’s strengthened AML/CFT effectiveness, closed technical gaps, and fulfilled FATF Action Plan commitments leading to grey list removal in June and October 2025.

The delisting eliminates enhanced due diligence requirements for EU financial transactions, easing compliance, boosting cross-border flows, and enhancing Nigeria’s appeal for European trade, investment and partnerships.

The NFIU attributed success to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s political will and collaboration among National Assembly, law enforcement, regulators, judiciary, private sector and development partners.

The agency reaffirmed commitment to ongoing FATF, GIABA, EU engagement and domestic framework resilience to maintain international confidence in Nigeria’s financial system.


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FG Directs Banks, Fintechs to Remit VAT on Service Fees

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The Federal Government has directed all banks and fintechs to collect and remit 7.5 per cent value-added tax on certain electronic banking services, effective Monday, January 19, 2026, according to an email notice issued by payment platforms.

The VAT will apply to electronic banking charges, including mobile money transfers, USSD transaction fees, and card issuance fees, according to an email notice on Wednesday shared with customers by Moniepoint.

For example, if a bank charges N100 to make a transfer, the 7.5 per cent VAT will be applied to that service fee, not the money being sent.

“From Monday, January 19, 2026, we are required to collect a 7.5 per cent VAT, to be remitted to the Nigerian Revenue Service (formerly known as the Federal Inland Revenue Service).

“VAT will apply to certain banking services that include electronic banking charges such as mobile banking fees (transfers), USSD transaction fees, and card issuance fees,” the email read.

Other operators are expected to issue similar notices to their customers in the coming days. Services that will remain exempt include interest earned on deposits and savings, meaning customers will not pay tax on the returns from their accounts.

The NRS, formerly known as the Federal Inland Revenue Service, has set the deadline to ensure that all commercial banks, microfinance banks, and electronic money operators comply with the collection and remittance requirement.

Moniepoint stressed that this is not a price increase but a statutory obligation. “Moniepoint is required to collect and remit VAT to the Nigerian Revenue Service,” the company said in a statement.

The move is part of the government’s broader efforts to standardise VAT collection on digital financial services and expand revenue generation amid Nigeria’s growing digital economy. VAT on banking transactions is not entirely new; the NRS is now enforcing uniform collection rules across all platforms, ensuring compliance across the sector.

Customers have been assured that the new tax will be clearly itemised, with the VAT shown separately on transaction statements and reports.

In December, several commercial banks informed customers that the N50 stamp duty would be deducted on electronic transfers of N10,000 and above, following the commencement of provisions of the new Tax Act.

The charge, previously known as the EMTL, has now been formally reclassified as stamp duty and will be applied as a one-off fee on qualifying electronic transfers.

 


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