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Malaria, HIV Remains Leading Causes of Death in Nigeria- Report

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New Global Burden of Disease study reveals that income, education, and birth rates – while critical – are not the only keys to healthy living in 195 countries

Nigerians are living longer lives than they were 25 years ago, according to a new scientific analysis of more than 300 diseases and injuries in 195 countries.

However, such progress is threatened by increasing numbers of people suffering from serious health challenges related to childhood wasting, unsafe water sources, and unsafe sex.

These and other significant health findings are being published in a dedicated issue of The Lancet as part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD).

The study draws on the work of more than 1,800 collaborators in nearly 130 countries and territories.

“Despite the limitations of the data sources that formed the basis of these estimates in Nigeria, as with many developing countries, the analytical techniques and the key findings are sufficiently robust,” said Dr. Bolajoko Olusanya, Executive Director at the Centre for Healthy Start Initiative and a GBD collaborator. “This should inspire optimism if appropriate and timely interventions are put in place by the government and its developmental partners to accelerate health progress and the well-being of Nigerians.”

In Nigeria, malaria was the leading killer, resulting in 192,284 deaths in 2015. The second and third top causes of death were diarrheal diseases and HIV/AIDS, killing 143,689 and 131,873, respectively.

But the conditions that kill are not typically those that make people sick in Nigeria. In 2015, the top three nonfatal causes of health loss were iron-deficiency anemia, low back pain, and major depression.

Globally, life expectancy increased from about 62 years to nearly 72 from 1980 to 2015, with several nations in sub-Saharan Africa rebounding from high death rates due to HIV/AIDS. Child deaths are falling fast, as are illnesses related to infectious diseases. But each country has its own specific challenges and improvements, from fewer suicides in France, to lower death rates on Nigerian roadways, to a reduction in asthma-related deaths in Indonesia.

Findings for Nigeria include: a child born in Nigeria in 2015 can expect to live to the age of 65, while that child’s parent, born in 1990, has a life expectancy of 54; while the world has made great progress in reducing deaths of young children, globally 5.8 million children under the age of 5 died in 2015. Of that global figure, 726,576 of those children were in Nigeria. The number of under-age-5 deaths in Nigeria in 1990 was 855,261 and despite the mortality rate for three neonatal outcomes decreasing, neonatal sepsis, neonatal encephalopathy due to birth asphyxia and trauma, and neonatal preterm birth complications account for 5.55%, 4.12%, and 2.91% of total deaths, respectively.

Other findings include, Nigeria has made progress in reducing the maternal mortality ratio, which fell from 471 deaths per 100,000 livebirths in 1990 to 285 deaths per 100,000 livebirths in 2015, while malaria remains the leading cause of death in Nigeria, the number of deaths caused by malaria fell from 227,645 in 1990 to 192,284 deaths in 2015.

The report was released at an event co-sponsored by IHME, The Lancet, and the World Bank in Washington, DC.

The study was established in 1990 with support from the World Bank. This year, researchers analyzed each country using a Socio-demographic Index, examining rates of education, fertility, and income. This new categorization goes beyond the historical “developed” versus “developing” or economic divisions based on income alone.

The six papers provide in-depth analyses of causes of death, maternal mortality, deaths of children under age 5, overall disease burden and life expectancy, years lived with disability, and the risk factors that lead to health loss.

In much of the world, giving birth is safer for mothers and newborns than it has been over the past 25 years. The number of maternal deaths globally dropped by roughly 29% since 1990, and the ratio of maternal deaths fell 30%, from 282 per 100,000 live births in 1990 to 196 in 2015.

“Development drives, but does not determine health,” said Dr. Christopher Murray, Director of the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) at the University of Washington in Seattle, the coordinating center for the GBD enterprise. “We see countries that have improved far faster than can be explained by income, education, or fertility. And we also continue to see countries – including the United States – that are far less healthy than they should be given their resources.”

Established in 2007, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME) is an independent global health research center at the University of Washington in Seattle that provides rigorous and comparable measurement of the world’s most important health problems and evaluates strategies to address them.

IHME makes this information available so that policymakers, donors, practitioners, researchers, and local and global decision-makers have the evidence they need to make informed decisions about how to allocate resources to best improve population health.

 


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African Tech Start-ups to Receive $46m of Speedinvest Africa Fund

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African technology start-ups will receive a $46 million (€40 million) commitment from EIB Global, the development arm of the European Investment Bank (EIB).

The funds will be deployed through the first Africa-focused investment vehicle from European venture capital (VC) firm Speedinvest.

The Speedinvest Africa Fund, which has a total target size of €200 million, targets companies across innovation hubs in Egypt, Morocco, Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa.

It also invests in high-potential markets, including Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Tunisia, Tanzania, and Uganda.

The investment strengthens EU–Africa ties, supports digital transformation, and promotes inclusive economic growth, says the EIB.

The strategy is designed to improve digital and financial inclusion while enabling start-ups to scale across borders by strengthening linkages between African and European ecosystems. Technology has the power to turn good ideas into real impact, says Karl Nehammer, vice-president of the EIB.

By backing this vehicle, it is enabling African innovators to scale, access new markets, and build sustainable businesses, says Nehammer.

The fund focuses on technology-enabled and mobile-based services across payments, healthcare, mobility, and education.

This aligns with the EU’s Global Gateway priorities and is expected to deliver social benefits, including job creation for youth and expanded access to digital banking for underserved communities.

At least 30% of the vehicle’s capital will support companies advancing gender equality, including those with women as founders, employees, or consumers.

With EIB Global support, the firm is deepening its long-term commitment to backing founders across Africa while strengthening enduring bridges between Africa and Europe, says Oliver Holle, CEO and managing partner of Speedinvest.

Speedinvest has previously backed African growth-stage companies, including mobility fintech Moove and digital bank FairMoney.

By combining a local presence with a European network of operators, sector expertise, and follow-on capital, the firm aims to help founders scale regionally and internationally, says Holle.

The fund will be managed by partners Deepali Nangia and Rana Abdel Latif, with a new African office planned to support its local operations.

 


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U.S. Charges Three in $2.5 Billion Plot to Smuggle Nvidia AI Chips to China

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Three individuals connected to a US tech firm have been indicted by the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) for their alleged role in a massive scheme to smuggle billions of dollars worth of restricted Nvidia AI chips to China, bypassing strict export controls.

Trio Faces US Charges in Alleged Nvidia Chip Smuggling Plot to China

Nvidia Chip

Prosecutors accuse the suspects of using fake documents, dummy equipment, and even hair dryers to tamper with labels in a bid to dodge compliance checks.

The plot centred on high-performance semiconductors from Nvidia, which are tightly regulated by the US due to fears they could boost China’s military and AI capabilities.

Yih-Shyan “Wally” Liaw, a US citizen and co-founder of California-based Super Micro Computer (a server maker), has been charged alongside two Taiwanese nationals: Ting-Wei “Willy” Sun and Ruei-Tsang “Steven” Chang (who remains at large).

The group reportedly partnered with a Southeast Asian firm to order servers packed with banned chips. They falsified records claiming the gear would stay in Asia, but repackaged and shipped it covertly to China.

Tactics included deploying thousands of fake “dummy” servers for audits, while real restricted tech was diverted. Sun allegedly used household hair dryers to swap serial numbers and labels.

Super Micro Computer confirmed the suspects’ links but stressed it faces no charges and is aiding the probe.

The DOJ estimates the intermediary bought $2.5 billion in equipment, illegally funneling vast amounts of controlled AI tech to China without licences.

This case underscores escalating US-China tech rivalry, where advanced chips are viewed as vital for national security and economic edge.

In a parallel probe, two Chinese nationals were earlier charged for rerouting chips via Malaysia, Singapore, Hong Kong, and mainland China. US authorities warn of tough penalties for evasion.

This development signals intensified global scrutiny on tech supply chains amid superpower tensions.


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UK, Nigeria Unveil Three-Year Plan to Combat Immigration Crime

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United Kingdom and Nigeria have agreed on a three-year strategic plan to tackle organised immigration crime and strengthen border security cooperation.

UK, Nigeria Unveil Three-Year Plan to Combat Immigration Crime

The initiative was announced in a joint statement by the UK Home Office following the state visit of Bola Ahmed Tinubu to the UK.

The agreement was signed by UK Home Secretary Shabana Mahmood and Nigeria’s Minister of Interior, Olubunmi Tunji-Ojo.

According to the statement, the framework focuses on combating visa fraud, improving border management systems, and enhancing legal cooperation between both countries.

Under the plan, Nigeria is expected to review its legal framework to impose stricter penalties on immigration-related offences, particularly those involving forged or fraudulent travel documents.

Both countries also pledged to strengthen laws and enforcement mechanisms governing visa processing and travel documentation.

A key component of the agreement is the expansion of the UK–Nigeria Organised Immigration Crime Unit, with new memoranda of understanding centred on intelligence sharing and joint operations.

The UK government will further support Nigerian border agencies through training programmes and capacity-building initiatives.

The partnership also places emphasis on the protection of vulnerable migrants, particularly women and children, while enhancing research, document verification systems, and migration monitoring processes through the UK–Nigeria Migration, Justice and Home Affairs Dialogue.

Both governments described the agreement as a reflection of their shared commitment to tackling transnational crime and improving migration management through closer collaboration.

The deal forms part of broader engagements during Tinubu’s visit, which focused on strengthening bilateral relations across security, migration, and economic development.


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