E-Business
ICANN’s Report Shows African DNS Market Worth $52m

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) has released its Final Report on Africa Domain Name System (DNS) Market Study.
The study serves as part of ICANN’s outreach efforts to support and improve the regional DNS industry.
The report is the first of its kind in the region, which includes 54 countries and shows that there are, as of May 2017, some 5.1 million domain names associated with Africa. The total annual value of the African Domain Name market is some $52 million.
African DNS Market
The African continent top level DNS address space consists of 54 top level country code ccTLDs, (of which one, Southern Sudan (SS) is not yet delegated) plus five Internationalised Domain Names (IDNs): Egypt (مصر ,(Algeria (الجزائر ,(Tunisia (تونس ,(Sudan (سودان (and Morocco (المغرب (as well as three city codes (.CAPETOWN, .DURBAN and .JOBURG).
ICANN recently delegated the .AFRICA domain to the South African administrator, the ZA Central Registry (ZACR), and registrations will be fully open in July, 2017.
Analysis of the responses shows that at least 46% of Registries offer non-Latin scripts and more than a third of Registrars (34%) do.
Data from May 2017 indicates that a total of just over 3.5 million domains are active under the African ccTLDs10 .
There are about 1.4 million registrations in the gTLDs by African entities. Key findings of the research show approximately 1% of gTLD domains are registered by Africans.
Over the last six months (November 2016 – May 2017), African ccTLD domains have increased by 21%.
However, almost all (93%) of this increase was in fact in the four Freenom ‘domain hack’ countries. Nevertheless, the statistics quoted in the remainder of this Report are based on the November 2016 figure of 2.9 million ccTLD domain names. Registrations by Africans of gTLD domains total approximately 1.4 million, the bulk of which is ~1.2 million .COM domains.
The research indicates that high access costs, the lack of infrastructure and the fact that African Internet access is primarily via mobile devices results in a lower demand for domain names than elsewhere.
This was confirmed by responses to the survey, with respondents citing high prices as the biggest barrier to the development of the DNS market in most African countries followed by lack of infrastructure. Other broader issues identified as high barriers by respondents include poor dependability of Internet connections and unclear or restrictive policy and regulatory environments.
In addition, the research analysed the relationship, if any, between a country’s ranking in relation to levels of freedom (using rankings by Freedom House and IIAG) and the number of domains registered.
According to this, citizens of “free” countries in Africa register some 22 times as many domains as citizens in countries ranked “not free”. Domain name registration by African entities takes place mainly in countries where the local hosting industry and web development sector has developed sufficiently to create demand for local domains, i.e. mostly in South Africa, Egypt, Mauritius, Nigeria, Kenya, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Tunisia and Morocco.
The research also confirmed zero or low levels of local hosting in a significant majority of countries in the region: 41 countries hosted over 95% of their gTLD domains outside Africa.
The research found 51 functioning ccTLD Registries, with South Sudan (SS) not yet delegated and Eritrea (ER) and the Comoros (KM), which each have just over 100 domains, but have no apparent method of registering new domains via the Internet, also non-functional. Compared to other regions, Africa has a very small number of ICANN accredited Registrars.
In total, there are only 11 ICANN accredited registrars in the region13 – four in South Africa, two in Morocco and one each in Burundi, Ghana, Nigeria, Senegal and Tunisia out of a global total of 2,143. However, there are many more Registrars than this actually active in Africa, with 450 Registrars accredited by the ZACR alone, for example.
Unless specified otherwise, the term “accredited Registrar” means a Registrar accredited by the relevant ccTLD Registry in the remainder of this report.
In reality, 26 countries have only one Registrar (typically the Registry itself), whereas 13 countries are fully competitive, use EPP and have multiple Registrars, with the remaining 14 being partly competitive and Southern Sudan not yet delegated. This was a factor in the number of ccTLD domains sold, although it is also true that successful markets attract more Registrars. For the Registrant Market, this market review identified over 5 million African ccTLD and gTLD domains. This equates to some 4.4 domains / 1000 population, whereas some commentators state that 100 – 300 domains / 1000 population is the norm in Europe.
In this regard it should be noted that there are a number of African countries (11 are most popular) that have unexpectedly high numbers of domain registrations due, it seems, to what are known as ‘domain hacks’ (where domains are utilised by entities or individuals not from these countries because the ccTLD forms part of an intended word or similar unexpected uses).
These occur because these countries have domain names that cost little or nothing to register or are attractive for special purposes where registering a short or a common word in the ccTLD has more relevance than registration in the more popular gTLDs such as .COM or .NET.
In addition these countries have non-restrictive rules that allow registration of domains from entities located outside the country. The DNS market roughly equates to a total value of about USD $38 million per annum for African ccTLD domain names alone. 14 At least 25% of this is likely to accrue to the international registrars and the remaining USD $29 million would be import or local revenue generated by the ccTLDs and Registrars.
About 73% of the total annual revenue on the continent is made by just ten countries (South Africa, Morocco, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Egypt, Tanzania, Libya, Somalia, Cameroon and Ivory Coast).
Including the gTLD domains with an African connection increases the total annual value of the industry to some USD $52 million. Most of the African ccTLDs are available for registration for offshore entities without the requirement for a local presence.
In 15 countries there is a requirement for some form of local legal presence (corporate or individual) in order to register a domain name: Algeria, Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cap Verde, Egypt, Gambia, Guinea, Liberia, Mauritania, Niger, Senegal, Tanzania, Tunisia and Zambia. In a few countries, including Kenya, there is an additional requirement for Registrars to be locally based, but not Registrants.
The study also considered the likely growth in the market. In all markets except South Africa (which is mature) there has been significant growth in the number of African domains registered by top-level domain registrars (e.g. .COM, .ORG and .INFO domains) as infrastructure rollout has increased in many countries, albeit off a low base.
The research expects this trend to continue – projecting an annual overall growth of 33%.
This suggests significant growth opportunities for local providers in individual countries – noting that 91% of the Registrants that responded to the online survey said they preferred to deal with local Registrars.
On 27 June, from 15:15-16:45 at Pavillon S8, ICANN will hold a public presentation to discuss the report during ICANN’s 59th Public Meeting (ICANN59), in Johannesburg. ICANN59 is also the 2nd Policy Forum, the 1st one being in Helsinki last year.
E-Business
NITDA Okays NiRA’s Annual, Business Report

National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) has said it has granted approval to the 2025 Annual Report and 2026 Business Plan of the Nigeria Internet Registration Association (NiRA).

The Agency, through an official statement it released on Sunday, also revealed that the “nation’s active .ng domains have hit a total of 241,000.”
Hajiya Hadiza Umar, director of Corporate Communications, NITDA, who signed the statement disclosed that the approval came during a strategic meeting at NITDA headquarters, Abuja, where Adesola Akinsanya, president, NiRA led members of the association’s board to present its 2026 vision to NITDA.
According to NITDA, the endorsement will ensure the acceleration of the adoption of Nigeria’s country code top-level domain, .ng.
It was also disclosed that through the endorsement, both organisations have pledged to strengthen collaboration towards increasing the adoption of .ng domains across Nigeria and supporting the Federal Government’s digital economy agenda.
The statement also noted that Kashifu Inuwa Abdullahi, director general, NITDA has directed NiRA to work closely with NITDA’s e-Governance and Digital Economy Department to ensure effective implementation, project monitoring and regular progress reporting.
You have my full approval for these initiatives. Let us change our strategy, sync up more closely, and ensure everything we have agreed upon during this presentation is fully implemented by next year,” Inuwa stated.
Speaking on the association’s achievements in 2025, Akinsanya disclosed that NiRA recorded 98,285 new domain registrations, 71,470 renewals and 1,970 restorations, bringing the total number of active .ng domains to 241,000.
He said that beyond the growth in registrations, NiRA strengthened the security of Nigeria’s internet ecosystem through the implementation of Domain Name System Security Extensions (DNSSEC), while also improving registrar support and stakeholder engagement.
According to him, the association’s 2026 strategy is focused on positioning .ng and .gov.ng domains as the preferred digital identity platforms for government institutions, businesses and citizens.
Akinsanya praised NITDA for its continued support and called for joint awareness campaigns and digital capacity-building initiatives to encourage wider adoption among state governments, local councils and public institutions.
He further revealed that NiRA is upgrading its internal systems through increased automation and constitutional reforms aligned with global best practices to ensure long-term sustainability.
NiRA is looking into deeper stakeholder engagement and moving into areas where we see massive possibilities. We are specifically targeting startups and aligning with tech events across the country. With stronger collaboration, we can drive widespread adoption across every tier of government,” he said.
E-Business
FG Seeks Inclusive, Human-centred Artificial Intelligence Policies

The Federal Government has called for the development of inclusive and human-centred artificial intelligence policies that protect workers’ rights and prevent job losses while harnessing the technology’s potential to drive economic growth and productivity.

The Minister of Labour and Employment, Dr. Muhammad Dingyadi, made the call during the 114th Session of the International Labour Conference in Geneva, Switzerland, while responding to the report of the Chairperson of the Governing Body and the Director-General of the International Labour Organisation, titled “A Moment of Choice: Harnessing Artificial Intelligence for Decent Work,” on Thursday.
Dingyadi said the rapid advancement of AI is transforming labour markets, workplace practices and employment relationships globally, creating both opportunities and challenges for governments, employers and workers.
He noted that while AI can stimulate innovation, improve productivity and expand economic opportunities, it also poses significant risks, including job displacement, widening inequalities and the erosion of the human role in some sectors of the economy.
“The world is moving forward at a rapid pace, underpinned by advances in AI, and we as an organisation must match that pace. While welcoming the positive transformations AI offers, we are also pondering the uncertainties it connotes.
“These shifts, despite their benefits, also cast a dark cloud of uncertainty. Where AI creates new jobs, there may be job losses. Where digital and AI infrastructures are created, there may be a loss of the traditional role and value of the human factor in the work process. We therefore need a balanced approach that ensures that, while harnessing the benefits of AI, the attendant risks do not rob our societies of the gains of decent work,” he said.
The minister commended the ILO leadership for its commitment to advancing the organisation’s mandate despite mounting global economic and social challenges.
Highlighting Nigeria’s efforts to position itself within the rapidly evolving digital economy, Dingyadi said the Federal Government had established the Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy to spearhead policies aimed at accelerating technological development and strengthening the country’s competitiveness.
According to him, Nigeria has already begun integrating digital technologies and AI into governance systems through the automation of civil service processes and public service delivery.
“I’m also pleased to inform you that Nigeria is steadily harnessing the gains of this initiative in our Public Service. There is the service-wide automation of civil service processes and communication with AI playing a significant role. Additionally, platform work is gaining ground,” he said.
The minister also welcomed ongoing discussions within the ILO on regulating work in the platform economy, stressing the need for labour standards that protect workers engaged in emerging forms of employment created by digital technologies.
Beyond AI, Dingyadi reiterated Nigeria’s longstanding call for reforms within the ILO, urging member states to accelerate the ratification of the 1986 Amendment to the organisation’s Constitution and review the criteria used to determine countries of Chief Industrial Importance.
He argued that such reforms would promote greater inclusivity, fairness and regional representation within the ILO’s governance structures.
The minister further urged countries to align the ILO Centenary Declaration and the Global Coalition for Social Justice with national development priorities to ensure that technological innovation contributes to social progress and decent work.
Nigeria’s intervention comes amid growing global debate over the impact of artificial intelligence on jobs and the future of work.
According to international labour and development agencies, AI is expected to automate some routine tasks while simultaneously creating new employment opportunities in technology, data science, digital services and other emerging sectors.
However, concerns persist that workers in administrative, clerical and repetitive occupations could face significant disruptions if governments fail to implement policies that support skills development, social protection and workforce transition.
The issue has become a central focus of discussions at the ongoing International Labour Conference, where governments, employers and workers’ representatives are examining how AI can be deployed in ways that promote productivity and economic growth without undermining labour rights, job security and social justice.
For Nigeria, the conversation is particularly significant as the country pursues an ambitious digital transformation agenda aimed at expanding broadband access, growing the digital economy and creating millions of technology-driven jobs for its youthful population.
Experts have repeatedly stressed that achieving these goals will require investments in digital skills, education and worker protections to ensure that the benefits of AI are broadly shared across society.
E-Business
Kaspersky Reveals Credential Abuse Techniques Rank as Attackers’ Most Effective Tactic

According to a recent global report by Kaspersky Security Services, password guessing and valid account misuse rank among the most effective tactics used by cyber criminals in 2025.

This trend reflects a strategic shift, as attackers move away from triggering endpoint protection with noisy malware, in preference of leveraging legitimate access to evade detection.
The ‘Anatomy of a Cyber World’ is an in-depth global report based on data gathered from Kaspersky Managed Detection and Response (MDR), Incident Response (IR), Compromise Assessment and SOC Consulting in 2025. It covers the most common adversary techniques, tools and detection scenarios and highlights the peculiarities of detected incidents.
According to the report, a significant portion of the most frequently monitored attack techniques revolves around credentials and identity management. This analysis, which examines the conversion rates* of various Indicators of Attack (IoA), highlights the following prevalent malicious tactics:
Password guessing – 34.8%. This technique entails attackers systematically trying different passwords until successfully gaining access to an account. It tops the conversion list due to its occurrence in both actual attacks and authorised security assessments, making it a persistent threat in today’s cybersecurity landscape. Organisations who rely on weak or reused passwords continues to enable this age-old strategy.
Local account creation – 34.7%. Once inside a system, attackers frequently create new local accounts to maintain access even if their original foothold is discovered and removed. This technique is frequently observed during security exercises and can be detected — but only with the right telemetry in place, which is often lacking.
Valid account abuse – 34.5%. Instead of deploying malware, attackers log in using stolen or compromised credentials and simply blend in with normal user activity. This makes detection significantly harder, as the access itself appears legitimate. The high conversion rate underscores why compromised credentials remain one of the most dangerous attack vectors.
Account manipulation – 32%. Attackers modify existing accounts to consolidate access such as by activating disabled accounts, altering group memberships, or escalating privileges. This reinforces the broader pattern — rather than introducing new tools, adversaries deepen their control using what is already there.
Network service discovery – 31.2%. Before moving deeper into a network, attackers typically scan for open services and systems they can reach. This reconnaissance step is a strong predictor of what follows: lateral movement and further exploitation. Detecting it early provides security teams a critical window to intervene.
The report ranks attacker techniques by how frequently observed activity ultimately resulted in confirmed malicious incidents. According to Kaspersky experts, while MITRE ATT&CK® catalogs a vast number of adversary techniques, effective detection requires prioritising behaviours with the highest probability of malicious intent while avoiding excessive false positives.
“Threat actors do not always need sophisticated malware to achieve their objectives. In many cases, legitimate administrative tools and compromised accounts remain the fastest and most effective way to move inside an organisation while avoiding detection.
The continued popularity of these techniques shows that organisations need deep visibility into attacker behaviour and the ability to correlate suspicious activity across different stages of an attack.
To address these challenges, companies can enhance their security with our solutions: Kaspersky Managed Detection and Response and Incident Response which cover the entire incident management cycle – from threat detection to continuous protection and remediation,” comments Sergey Soldatov, Head of Security Operations Center at Kaspersky.
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