E-Business
A4AI Releases Paper, Says Proposed Communication Service Tax Regressive

The Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI)-Nigeria Coalition has urged the federal government to consider other measures to generate revenue as against the proposed Communication Service Tax (CST).
In a document made available to Nigeria CommunicationsWeek at the weekend and endorsed by, Dr. Ernest Ndukwe, the national Coordinator, Alliance for Affordable Internet (A4AI), observed that the goal of the proposed CST is to improve revenue generation as stated in the Bill.
With that in mind, A4AI recommend that government should consider other alternatives.
“Our position, therefore, is that the National Assembly reconsiders the passage of the CST bill. However, if the tax must be introduced the government must consider a lower tax rate that enables it to achieve fiscal revenue targets without undermining broadband affordability and access”, the document reads.
Referring to the current mobile broadband affordability situation in Nigeria, A4AI it has continued its engagement with government and other stakeholders in the ICT space in Nigeria in the pursuit of advancing internet affordability and access in Nigeria
A4AI Said that increased access to the Internet has significant and well-known positive socio-economic benefits for the individual user, their community, their business, and the country as a whole.
“However, reality of Internet access in Nigeria is that it’s all about mobile. Only about 13% of Nigerians get broadband access via mobile vs less than 1% from fixed services. (Sources ITU 2015, and GSMA Intelligence 2016).
“Nigeria aims to achieve 30% broadband penetration by December 2018, as contained in the National Broadband Plan. Current figure is clearly some way off this target and needs measures to boost growth in usage.
“A4AI studies have confirmed that one of the main reasons the rate of Internet adoption and use is rather slow in Nigeria is the high cost of data subscription.”
According to the ITU, a 500MB plan costs typically 5.4% of average monthly income in 2014.
The current definition of affordability used by the UN Broadband Commission is where the price of a broadband plan is less than 5% of average monthly income. If we are to use this definition Nigeria is on the cusp of affordability.
However, A4AI’s 2015/16 Affordability Report shows that while in Nigeria the average income in 2014 was US$2970, GNI per capita, according to World Bank, 40% of the population actually earned less than half that amount. In practice this means that a 500MB mobile Internet plan priced at 5.4% of “average” monthly income actually costs the majority of Nigerians anywhere between 7-18% of their monthly income.
“It is therefore right to say that any measures that will increase the cost of services for consumers are regressive, taking Nigeria backwards in terms of its attempt to achieve affordability,” A4AI said.
On current mobile sector tax regime in Nigeria, the Alliance said that mobile operators paid approximately USD 850 million in taxes and regulatory fees to the government in 2014 and USD 760 million in 2013.
“The taxes and regulatory fees currently applicable to mobile phone operators fall under several categories, including duties on imported equipment, regulatory fees, taxes on profits, environmental taxes. Also those taxes that are more relevant to the consumer include taxes on handsets, SIM cards, and services. GSMA suggests that it is this latter set of taxes that we are of utmost concern as they have the most direct impact on the affordability of Internet access for Nigerians.
“Currently a VAT of 5% applies to devices and communication services purchased by the consumer.
In addition, handsets (12%) and SIM cards (20% and 35% special levy) attract additional custom import duties and levies.
Specifically, “Communications Service Tax” (CST) is proposed to be a “9% charge for the use of the communication service” (Section 4 of the Bill), where communication service refers to voice, SMS, MMS, data, and pay per view TV.
A4AI said that with focus on internet affordability; i.e., data costs, it is obvious that the tax is to be borne by all consumers.
On the implications for affordability of mobile data, A4AI said, “Compliance and responsibility for collecting payments placed on mobile operators. Compliance is likely to add a number of operational costs to operators. For example, rather than annually, all service providers are to file tax returns and pay the tax due not later than the last working day of the month immediately after the month to which the payment relates. So while the 9% tax is to be paid by consumers, experience indicates that there may be an additional burden placed on consumers as operators’ operational costs rise.
“While the impacts of the CST on the sector as a whole are major, the above analysis shows the direct, possibly unintended, impact on the consumer and specifically those in low-income groups and women.
Balanced fiscal policy must consider affordability of mobile broadband and should not put in place additional barriers that make Internet access unaffordable for millions of Nigerians.
“This is important given the relative low levels of broadband Internet use in the country. Nigeria is lagging far behind the more developed countries of the world and introduction of the CST will further widen the gap.
The goal of the proposed CST is to improve revenue generation as stated in the Bill (See Explanatory Memorandum in Bill). With that in mind, we recommend that government should consider other alternatives
Our position, therefore, is that the National Assembly reconsiders the passage of the CST bill. However, if the tax must be introduced the government must consider a lower tax rate that enables it to achieve fiscal revenue targets without undermining broadband affordability and access.
E-Business
Galaxy Backbone Tops FG’s Website Performance Ranking

Galaxy Backbone Limited (GBB) has been ranked first overall in the 2025 Federal Government Website Performance Scorecard.

This is a landmark achievement for Nigeria’s digital economy.
The ranking, conducted by the Bureau of Public Service Reforms (BPSR), is the definitive benchmark for digital excellence and transparency across all Ministries, Departments, and Agencies (MDAs).
Professor Ibrahim Adepoju Adeyanju, managing director and CEO of Galaxy Backbone, received the award during a ceremony in Abuja.
He described the feat as a validation of the agency’s“Nigeria First”data sovereignty strategy and its relentless pursuit of service excellence.
This recognition comes as the Federal Government intensifies its push to achieve a fully paperless civil service by December 31, 2025.
GBB has been the primary architect of this transition through its 1Gov Enterprise Content Management (ECM) platform, which now hosts the operations of almost all federal MDAs.
The award adds to a growing list of accolades for Galaxy Backbone in 2025, following its recent win of the “International Standard Excellence Award for Best IT Service Provider.”
As the central hub for government shared services, GBB’s performance serves as a blueprint for other agencies currently undergoing digital transformation.
With its expanded fiber-optic backbone now covering over 13 states and its secure cloud solutions, Galaxy Backbone remains the cornerstone of Nigeria’s vision to become a leading digital nation by the end of the decade.
E-Business
Nigeria Police Arrest Okitipi, Nigerian Allegedly Linked to Microsoft 365 Hack

Okitipi Samuel, a Nigerian man, has been taken into custody by the Nigeria Police Force for his alleged role in a global cyberattack on Microsoft 365 users.

Benjamin Hundeyin, Force public relations officer, disclosed this on Thursday in Abuja while briefing journalists on the outcome of investigations carried out by the National Cybercrime Centre of the Nigeria Police Force.
Hundeyin said the centre, under the leadership of Ifeanyi Uche, its director and Commissioner of Police, commenced investigations in collaboration with Microsoft, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the United States Secret Service, and the United Kingdom’s National Crime Agency.
According to him, investigations revealed that a phishing toolkit known as “Raccoon 0365” was used to create fake Microsoft login portals to harvest user credentials and unlawfully access email accounts belonging to corporate organisations, financial institutions, and educational institutions in several countries.
“This investigation commenced following credible intelligence received from Microsoft USA through the FBI, indicating that a malicious phishing toolkit known as Raccoon0365 was being used to create fake Microsoft login portals, harvest user credentials, and unlawfully access the email accounts of corporate organisations, financial institutions, and educational establishments,” Hundeyin said.
He added that between January and September 2025, several reports of unauthorised access to Microsoft 365 accounts were traced to phishing emails designed to mimic legitimate Microsoft login pages, enabling business email compromise, internal phishing, data breaches, and other cyber-enabled fraud.
Hundeyin said digital forensic analysis and cryptocurrency tracing identified wallets connected to the illegal operation.
He noted that operatives were deployed to Lagos and Edo states, leading to the arrest of three suspects identified as Joshua, James, and Okitipi Samuel between September 20 and October 4, 2025.
“Following extensive digital forensic and technical intelligence analysis, the centre conducted cryptocurrency tracing that identified suspicious wallets connected to cash-out schemes.
“Acting on actionable intelligence, operational teams were deployed to Lagos and Edo states, resulting in the arrest of Joshua, James, and Okitipi Samuel. Searches at their residences led to the recovery of mobile devices, laptops, and other digital exhibits linked to the fraudulent scheme,” he said.
Hundeyin identified Okitipi Samuel, also known as “0365” and Moses Felix as the principal suspect and developer of the phishing infrastructure.
He added that investigations confirmed Samuel unlawfully used the email details of one of the arrested individuals without consent to register some of the accounts used in the operation.
The police spokesperson said further investigations revealed that the identities of Joshua and James were used without their consent.
“There was no evidence linking them to the creation or operation of the phishing scheme. They were victims of identity theft,” Hundeyin said.
He said a prima facie case had been established against Samuel for identity theft, unlawful access to computer systems, creation and distribution of malicious software, unauthorised interference with network data, and aiding and abetting fraud.
Hundeyin added that the suspect would be charged under relevant provisions of the Cybercrimes (Prohibition, Prevention, etc.) Act, 2024.
He said the suspect would be prosecuted in Nigeria, noting that the country has the capacity to enforce its cybercrime laws, although extradition could be considered if formally requested through due process.
Hundeyin assured Nigerians that the police, under the leadership of Kayode Egbetokun, inspector-general of Police, would continue to protect the country’s digital ecosystem and urged citizens to practise good cyber hygiene by being cautious when clicking links and sharing personal information online.
Speaking separately, Ifeanyi Uche, director of the National Cybercrime Centre, urged Nigerians to exercise caution online.
Uche advised members of the public to avoid clicking on links from unknown or unexpected sources, noting that such links often contain malware or phishing tools designed to compromise devices and personal data.
He warned that indiscriminate clicking of links or responding to unsolicited emails could lead to unauthorised access to personal and corporate accounts, urging citizens to “wash their cyber hands” by verifying sources before taking action online.
E-Business
Nigeria Takes the Lead in the Global WSIS+20 Digital Agenda

Nigeria has unveiled a comprehensive, multi-pronged strategy designed to localise WSIS+20 commitments. This roadmap accelerates national transformation by prioritising robust infrastructure, transparent internet governance, and advanced cybersecurity through deep stakeholder collaboration.

Unveiled in New York at the Nigerian high-level side event titled “Re-Imagining Digital Cooperation for Sustainable Development: From WSIS+20 Vision to Local Action,” the strategy cements Nigeria’s position as a primary architect of the world’s digital future.
Speaking at the event, the Director General of the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA), Kashifu Inuwa, CCIE represented by Director, Corporate Planning and Strategy, Dr. Dimie Shively Wariowei said Nigeria’s approach is deliberately aligned with the four core activity areas identified under the ongoing WSIS+20 review process.
According to him, the focus areas provide a practical framework for translating global digital commitments into measurable national outcomes, ensuring that international resolutions drive inclusive growth and sustainable digital development at the country level.
Inuwa identified digital infrastructure as the foundation of effective localisation, noting persistent challenges in extending connectivity to underserved and remote communities. Beyond infrastructure gaps, he highlighted affordability constraints and digital literacy deficits, stressing that addressing these issues remains central to Nigeria’s digital inclusion drive.
He explained that government alone cannot shoulder the burden of nationwide digital infrastructure deployment, given Nigeria’s vast geographical spread, hence the adoption of collaborative Public-Private Partnership (PPP) models. He disclosed that Nigeria, in collaboration with the World Bank, is implementing a major fibre-optic project spanning about 90,000 kilometres nationwide to boost connectivity.
The NITDA DG also revealed that the current National Broadband Plan, which has guided broadband expansion in recent years, is nearing completion, with plans underway to renew and reposition it for the next five years. The renewed plan, he said, will strategically target increased broadband penetration as a catalyst for digital access and economic growth.
On internet governance, Inuwa referenced Nigeria’s active participation in the Internet Governance Forum (IGF), noting that the country successfully hosted its annual national IGF. He said the forum operates on a multi-stakeholder model that brings together government, the private sector, civil society and the technical community to foster cooperation and informed policy dialogue.
Cybersecurity, he added, remains a critical pillar of Nigeria’s localisation efforts. He cited the existing Cybersecurity Act and ongoing efforts to strengthen the legal framework through a reviewed version currently awaiting parliamentary approval. These measures, he said, are designed to mitigate risks associated with increased internet use and to protect users and critical digital infrastructure.
Inuwa further stressed Nigeria’s ambition to play a leadership role in advancing digital cooperation across Africa through inclusive, multi-stakeholder engagement. He underscored the importance of coordinated national data collection, noting that reliable, country-specific data is essential for tracking progress and presenting Africa’s digital development story on the global stage.
He concluded that sustained engagement and follow-up actions arising from the WSIS+20 review would strengthen digital cooperation among African countries and ensure that global digital commitments translate into tangible national and regional impact.
Stakeholders commended Nigeria’s efforts in the digital space, acknowledging the country’s growing role in shaping Africa’s digital future.
Earlier, Ms. Jennifer Chung, Co-Convener of the Informal Multi-Stakeholder Sounding Board (IMSB), praised Nigeria for convening a broad-based, multi-stakeholder delegation and for its commitment to the meaningful implementation of WSIS+20 outcomes.
Chung stressed the growing demand for localised WSIS follow-up mechanisms, noting that platforms such as the annual IGF, National and Regional IGF Initiatives (NRIs), and youth-led forums are vital for tracking progress towards the 2030 Agenda and Africa’s Agenda 2063.
She described the WSIS+20 review as a critical step toward effective monitoring, reliable data collection and evidence-based evaluation, particularly for developing countries in the Global South. According to her, these measures are essential to achieving WSIS targets and ensuring that no region is left behind.
Drawing parallels with the Asia-Pacific region, Chung noted that challenges around affordable and meaningful connectivity remain widespread across developing economies. She emphasised that expanding broadband penetration and reducing the cost of access are crucial to closing digital divides in Africa, Asia-Pacific and other parts of the Global South.
She also highlighted the need to enable active citizen participation in emerging technologies, including artificial intelligence and future innovations such as quantum technologies, stressing that inclusive digital access is key to maximising the benefits of digital transformation.
Reflecting on the WSIS+20 review process, Chung praised the innovative and inclusive approach adopted through the informal multi-stakeholder sounding board, describing it as one of the first of its kind in global digital governance. She called for sustained collaboration among governments, the private sector, civil society and the technical community to carry the WSIS vision from global commitments to local action.
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