E-Financial
CBN Bars Crypto Bank Account Operators from Cash Withdrawal

Central of Nigeria (CBN) has said that cash withdrawals will not be possible from accounts opened for virtual and digital assets transactions
According to the apex bank, withdrawals from these accounts will only be possible by transfer or through a manager’s cheque.
It revealed this in a new ‘Guidelines on Operations of Bank Accounts for Virtual Assets Service Providers.’
According to CBN, an account opened under its new guidelines will only be used for transactions on virtual/digital assets and not for any other purpose.
The guideline read in part, “No cash withdrawal shall be allowed from the account. No third-party cheque shall be cleared from the account. Except for settlement of a virtual/digital assets transaction which shall be done through a transfer to another designated account, the withdrawal shall be only through a managers’ cheque or transfer to an account.”
In a December circular titled, ‘Circular to all banks and other Financial Institutions guidelines on operations of bank accounts for Virtual Assets Service Providers,’ with reference number FPR/DIR/PUB/CIR/002/003, and signed by Haruna Mustafa, director, Financial Policy and Regulation Department, the banking regulator announced a policy change on crypto assets and directed banks to begin to aid crypto transactions.
In its new policy direction, the bank stated that it was more open to the idea of regulation rather than its earlier position of the restriction of crypto assets from the formal banking sector.
The guideline, published alongside the circular, is meant to serve as the framework for the reintroduction of crypto into the formal banking sector.
Commenting on the guideline, the CBN said, “The Guidelines shall apply to banks and other financial institutions under the regulatory purview of the CBN.”
Part of the objectives read, “Provide minimum standards and requirements for banking business relationships and account opening for Virtual Assets Service Providers in Nigeria.”
Based on the guidelines, financial institutions are now allowed to undertake the following activities in their operations of accounts for Virtual Assets Service Providers including, opening designated accounts, the provision designated settlement accounts and settlement services, acting as channels for FX flows and trade, and any other activity that may be permitted by the CBN from time to time.
Commenting on how virtual asset providers can open accounts, the apex bank noted, “From the commencement of these Regulations, financial institutions shall not open or permit the operation of any account by any person or entity to conduct the business of virtual/digital assets unless that account is designated for that purpose and opened in line with the requirement of these Guidelines.
“The designated account shall only be opened with the approval of senior management of the FI.”
The new CBN guideline further provides an extensive list of other requirements aimed at protecting the financial system and customers from uncertainty and fraud risks.
Hammering on the need for financial institutions to adhere to its guidelines, the apex bank highlighted that erring banks could get their licence suspended.
The document read in parts, “Notwithstanding the powers of the CBN under the BOFIA 2020 and in addition to the use of remedial measures in these Guidelines, the CBN may take any or all of the following sanctions against a Fl, its board of directors, officers or staff for failure to comply with any of the requirements of these Guidelines:
“Prohibition from opening any further designated account; Monetary penalty not below the sum of 2,000,00O.00 against the FIs, members of its board, senior management, and any staff, for any infraction. Suspension of the operating licence of a Fl.”
When the CBN announced its policy shift on crypto, the Lead Partner and Head of Blockchain and Virtual Assets Practice at Infusion Lawyers, Senator Ihenyen, told The PUNCH, “Thankfully, our regulators will now work together to ensure consumer protection and investor safety.
“Nigeria can no longer afford to keep pushing digital assets underground, for obvious economic and security reasons, especially when you are number on in crypto adoption in Africa and a leading market in the globe.”
Punch
E-Financial
Heritage Bank Depositors Seek National Assembly’s Help to Recover Trapped Funds

Depositors of Heritage Bank with deposits exceeding N5 million have appealed to the National Assembly to intervene and assist in the resolution of the bank’s license by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).
The depositors claimed that the revocation has left them in financial distress, with their livelihoods and businesses hanging in the balance.
In a statement, the depositors expressed frustration that despite previous assurances from the CBN that the bank was not in distress, they have been unable to access their funds.
The situation, according to them, has led to widespread economic hardship with businesses shutting down, life savings crumbling, and daily expenses coming to a standstill.
The statement reads, “Some depositors have died from heart attacks, while others are hospitalized. We are at a loss, and our families are suffering.
“We are perplexed by the action exhibited by the CBN after Unity Bank merged with Providus Bank, which ensured a smooth transition of depositors. We are aware that First Bank was paid N460b of its deposits in Heritage Bank before its liquidation. Why should we be treated differently, subjected to an everlasting process to recover our funds from the sale of Heritage Bank’s properties?
“We plead that you intervene by advising CBN to pay all depositors in full without further delay. Advise that a few other banks absorb the depositors while ensuring a smooth transition as was done in the case of Unity Bank and Providus Bank.
“Utilize Heritage Bank’s reserve ratio to settle depositor’s claims. Treat depositors equally as was done with First Bank and verify NDIC’s claim of paying the insured sum to 85% of depositors and ensure prompt payment to all eligible depositors.”
E-Financial
Zumax Files N4.1Bn Suit against CBN over ‘Fraudulent’ Receivership

Zumax Nigeria Limited, an oil services company, has filed a N4.1 billion lawsuit against the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), alleging gross negligence and complicity in what it calls a fraudulent receivership imposed by the apex bank.
In the case, which is before the Federal High Court, Lagos, Zumax claimed that the CBN failed in its statutory duty to supervise banks and protect customers’ interests.
At the hearing of the matter on Tuesday before Justice Akintoye Aluko, Chief Wole Olanipekun (SAN) told the court that the Plaintiff (Zumax) had an application dated February 20, 2025, asking the court to hear the application.
He urged the court to allow him to move the application as the defendant had responded.
Olanipekun also told the court that the Plaintiff and defendant’s preliminary objections can be consolidated and heard together.
He stated that the priority of which application to be heard first shouldn’t arise as the Plaintiff has not opposed the hearing of CBN’s preliminary objection.
But Adeleke Agboola (SAN), counsel, counsel, told the court that the defendant has a preliminary objection in the suit, which commenced as a writ of summons challenging the jurisdiction of the court.
He argued that CBN filed its notice of preliminary objection within time and that the Plaintiff has responded to it.
Agboola said: “This preliminary objection has priority over any other applications. The Plaintiff’s application is not meritorious.
“There is no suggestion by the claimant that we did not file within time. We are saying that this court does not have the jurisdiction to hear this matter. I urge your lordship to allow us to argue this matter.
“There is no doubt that preliminary objection takes precedence; it says it must be heard first, and determining our objection is very serious; we have complied strictly by the rules.
“We urge this court to hear the preliminary objection and dismiss the Plaintiff’s application.”
In his response, Olanipekun said: “My learned friend said the application we filed is not meritorious. It is the court that can make any pronouncement on that.
“My lord, even when we talk of being tidy, we are not saying the court should not hear his preliminary objection. He is now the one saying that our application should not be heard.
“The court has to determine whether the objection has to be heard first or the Plaintiff’s application dated February 20, 2025, has to be heard first.
“It’s no longer the law; in fact, it has never been the law that when there is a preliminary objection, the court will say let’s take it first. We urge your lordship to take our application that has not been contested by the defendant.”
After listening to the submissions and arguments of both parties, Justice Aluko adjourned the case till April 22, 2025, for ruling on which application to hear first.
According to court documents, Zumax had and maintained its account with the defunct IMB International Bank Plc., which, under several mergers and consolidations of banks, ultimately fused into the much larger banking institution known as First City Monument Bank (FCMB).
The Plaintiff said it obtained a facility from IMB International Bank, an overdraft facility of N50m, which was later increased to N200m in/or at the first half of 1998.
However, the bank allegedly inflated the company’s debt and, by December 6, 2002, claimed it had risen to N465.6 million, the claim which was vehemently disputed by Zumax.
Zumax contends that FCMB, under its former Managing Director Edwin Chinye, took control of its foreign currency earnings held in a JP Morgan Bank account through its sister company, Redsear Limited.
According to the plaintiff, the Bank’s Managing Director not only insisted upon and got shares in Redsears Limited and a directorship of that company as a condition precedent for the loan, he also allegedly inserted himself as the lone signatory for the company’s bank account with JP Morgan Bank.
The plaintiff further alleged that “the bank misappropriated $ 4 million from this account, a shortfall discovered during an audit.
“Rather than addressing the dispute, FCMB appointed receivers to take over Zumax’s operations, a move the company described as fraudulent.
“The receivership, which lasted from December 2002 until 2022, led to severe financial losses, including the collapse of Zumax’s business and the loss of contracts with multinational oil companies such as Chevron.
“The company claimed it was unable to operate for two decades due to the receivership, which was based on what it describes as an entirely fabricated debt.
“Zumax further alleged that despite repeated petitions, the CBN failed to investigate FCMB’s actions or intervene to prevent the alleged financial mismanagement.
“The company maintained that a 2007 CBN report confirmed that it had paid over N547 million to FCMB, proving it was never in debt to the bank.
“Additionally, the Court of Appeal ruled in December 2021 that the consent judgment upon which the receivership was based was fraudulent and should be set aside.”
The plaintiff is seeking a court declaration that the CBN was negligent in its duty to regulate Nigerian banks.
It’s also asking for special damages amounting to $ 41 million, including lost income and asset depreciation; general damages of N2 billion, exemplary damages of N2 billion, and legal costs amounting to N100 million.
But the CBN’s preliminary objection is challenging the jurisdiction of the Court to hear the matter.
E-Financial
FG to Harmonise Fiscal Data Across MDAs

Efforts to harmonise fiscal data across government institutions have commenced in earnest, with Mr Wale Edun, minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy, spearheading the meeting to achieve the mission.

Mr Wale Edun, minister of Finance and Coordinating Minister of the Economy,
Key stakeholders, including the Minister of State for Finance, Dr Doris Uzoka-Anite; the Accountant General of the Federation, Shamsedeen Babatunde Ogunjimi, and the Director General of the Budget Office, Mr Tanimu Yakubu, met on Monday with Edun, a statement issued by Director of Information in the ministry Mohammed Manga, said.
The said discussions centered on discrepancies in fiscal data across government institutions, which have affected Nigeria’s credit ratings and borrowing capacity.
The Minister emphasised the need for synergy between agencies such as the Budget Office, the Accountant General’s Office, and the Debt Management Office (DMO).
“Delivering accurate and comprehensive fiscal data is critical to economic stability and investor confidence,” Edun said Attendees agreed on the establishment of a Fiscal Data Coordination Framework, which includes a main committee, a subcommittee, and technical teams dedicated to standardising fiscal reporting methodologies and economic assumptions.
The Minister affirmed that Nigeria must take ownership of its fiscal data credibility, reducing dependence on external institutions.
The meeting concluded with a firm commitment to implementing the framework, reinforcing transparency, strengthening investor confidence, and enhancing Nigeria’s economic outlook.
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