E-Financial
Collaboration and Investment Key to Strengthening Africa’s Digital Payments Cybersecurity
By Omotayo Ogunlade, Chief Technology Officer at Onafriq
As the digital payments landscape in Africa expands, the need for robust cybersecurity measures becomes increasingly urgent. Trust and security are foundational to financial services, and as cybercriminals continue to become more aggressive and sophisticated, addressing any vulnerabilities is key to safeguarding the integrity of Africa’s digital financial ecosystem. In fact, Africa experienced the highest average number of cyberattacks per week per organisation in 2023 with a 23% increase compared to the previous year.
Omotayo Ogunlade, Chief Technology Officer at Onafriq
Africa’s digital financial ecosystem is still maturing, and as digital payments become more integrated across countries, regions, and more interoperable across payment platforms, this increasingly complex environment can introduce new cybersecurity vulnerabilities.
And, as in an interconnected landscape a single weak link can jeopardise the entire network, it is critical that the continent’s financial institutions, governments and decision-makers come together to collectively work towards establishing and maintaining baseline security standards across the industry. This requires building meaningful partnerships with relevant stakeholders, substantial investment and greater harmonisation of regulations and policies across the continent.
The imperative for investment and standardised regulations
Several challenges hinder the attainment of robust cybersecurity in Africa. One of the primary issues is the lag in regulatory frameworks, while a lack of significant investment in security would lead to vulnerabilities within the continent’s financial sector being exploited.
Fortunately, investment in cybersecurity has seen a notable increase over the past five years, reflecting a growing recognition of its importance. The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated cyber threats has driven firms to allocate more resources towards cybersecurity. And digital payment networks like Onafriq have strengthened their security posture by investing in intelligent tools that predict and proactively address potential threats.
Despite these advancements, there remains a disparity in investment levels across the continent. Ensuring that all financial institutions can meet necessary security standards requires coordinated efforts and substantial capital. This includes investing in state-of-the-art technology and continuous monitoring systems to detect and prevent malicious activities.
Additionally, regulators play a crucial role in setting and enforcing security standards. And yet the pace of regulatory development often falls behind the speed of innovation in the fintech space. Harmonising regulations across different African countries is essential to create a consistent and secure environment for digital payments by adopting best practices and global standards. This is necessary to avoid fragmentation of the digital payments landscape while effective enforcement of these standards is vital to maintaining a secure financial ecosystem.
A need for cybersecurity skills and a security first culture
A truly secure payments environment requires buy-in from every part of the ecosystem’s value chain, including the end user. Not only must financial institutions adopt a security-first approach, embedding robust security measures into every aspect of their operations, but educating users about security practices is just as crucial.
As digital payments become more prevalent, financial institutions must design products with built-in security features and continuously educate users on safe practices. This includes secure PIN usage, recognizing phishing attempts, and safeguarding personal information.
For example, Onafriq exemplifies this approach by ensuring that security is a priority from the design stage. By securing networks, protecting sensitive data, and conducting regular third-party audits, we have been able to maintain a strong security record. This proactive stance is essential for preventing breaches and ensuring customer trust.
More than this, there is a growing need to build the cybersecurity capacity needed to sustain the digital payments landscape. Africa faces a shortage of skilled cybersecurity professionals, which hampers the ability to address emerging threats effectively. In fact, a cybersecurity assessment conducted by the African Union Commission and the United Nations Development Programme found that African countries had a cybersecurity competence of 0.21 out of 1 with more than 70% of African nations requiring additional cybersecurity infrastructure.
Financial institutions and governments must invest in training programs, internships, and continuous education to develop a skilled workforce capable of managing cybersecurity challenges. But, retaining talent within Africa also remains a significant issue. Many trained professionals seek opportunities abroad, exacerbating the skills gap. Addressing this requires creating conducive environments that offer competitive opportunities and career growth within the continent.
Cybersecurity is a cornerstone of Africa’s digital payments landscape. To achieve a secure and resilient financial sector, Africa must invest in robust cybersecurity infrastructure, foster regulatory harmonisation, and prioritise collaborative efforts among financial institutions. By addressing these challenges, Africa can build a secure digital payments ecosystem that supports economic growth and instils trust among users.
Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has reminded banks, payment service banks, and fintech companies of their obligations to comply with applicable sanctions regimes.
These sanctions include the United Nations Consolidated Sanctions List, the Nigerian Sanctions List in line with the Terrorism (Prevention and Prohibition) Act 2022, and guidelines on targeted financial sanctions related to terrorism and its financing.
This was contained in a letter dated April 17, 2025 and signed by Amonia Opusunju for the director of the Compliance Department.
The CBN directed all financial institutions to ensure strict adherence to sanctions lists maintained at both international and national levels.
According to the apex bank, financial institutions are expected to regularly update their systems to identify designated persons or entities and prevent the misuse of financial platforms to facilitate illegal transactions.
The letter read: “Financial Institutions are required to maintain a robust and dynamic sanctions compliance framework that enables them to Identify and respond promptly to updates or changes across all applicable sanctions lists; Prevent the use of their systems and platforms for transactions involving designated individuals or entities; Conduct real-time screening of customers, transactions, and beneficial owners; and File appropriate reports with the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) and notify the CBN, where necessary.”
The CBN’s directive also covers real-time screening of customers, transactions, and beneficial owners.
Institutions are to report suspicious activities to the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) and notify the apex bank where necessary, the apex bank warned.
According to the bank, non-compliance with the regulations could attract sanctions in form of enforcement actions or regulatory penalties.
It added that sanctions compliance frameworks must be periodically reviewed and aligned with prevailing laws and regulatory expectations.
The CBN advised all financial institutions to take note of the guidance and act accordingly.
“This letter serves as a regulatory reminder and all Financial Institutions are expected to ensure continued compliance with applicable laws and CBN directives,” the apex bank stated.
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) says preliminary investigations revealed that Crypto Bridge Exchange, aka CBEX, engaged in promotional activities to create a ‘false perception of legitimacy’ to entice ‘unsuspecting’ Nigerians.
About N1.3trillion was reportedly wiped out from the investors’ account after the platform, which boasted of giving investors 100 per cent Return On Investment in 30 days crashed on Monday.
The SEC stated that CBEX was not granted registration by the commission at any time to operate as a Digital Assets Exchange.
In a circular dated April 17, 2025, the commission stated that its attention was drawn to recent media reports/publications on the activities of CBEX (Crypto Bridge Exchange).
According to the SEC, “The commission hereby clarifies that neither CBEX nor its affiliates were granted registration by the commission at any time to operate as a Digital Assets Exchange, solicit investments from the public or perform any other function within the Nigerian capital market.”
The agency said, “Preliminary investigations carried out by the commission have revealed that CBEX engaged in promotional activities to create a false perception of legitimacy, in order to entice unsuspecting members of the public into investing monies, with the promise of implausibly high guaranteed returns within a short timeframe.”
The SEC emphasised that pursuant to the provisions of Section 196 of the Investments and Securities Act 2025, the commission would collaborate with relevant law enforcement agencies to take appropriate enforcement action against the CBEX, its affiliates and promoters.
“The commission uses this medium to remind the public to REFRAIN from investing in or dealing with any entity offering unrealistic returns or employing similar recruitment-based investment models.”
Dr. Emomotimi Agama, director general, SEC, had recently said the commission is launching a more forceful and coordinated enforcement regime against unregistered and illegal “phony” investment schemes, otherwise known as ponzi schemes.
Agama said with the newly enacted Investments and Securities Act, 2025 (ISA 2025), the Commission now has enhanced powers to prosecute Ponzi schemes and their promoters.
He said investigations were ongoing on CBEX, adding that promoters of the failed scheme will not go scot-free.
Agama said the new law has given the commission more powers and blocked loopholes in emerging areas of virtual and digital assets.
Union Bank of Nigeria, under its Made In Naija initiative, emphasised its commitment to supporting homegrown businesses by recently sponsoring the RISE Business Challenge at the University of Lagos, Akoka, during the 6th Annual Youth Leadership Conference.
Dubbed Turning Point 6.0, the Resilience, Innovation, Social Responsibility, and Entrepreneurship (RISE) Challenge is a collaboration between Union Bank and the conference convener, Mr Olusegun Odufuwa, to empower youth-led businesses with financial and mentorship support through a pitch competition.
Targeted at uplifting young men and women with requisite entrepreneurial skills, the event aligns with one of the Bank’s primary objectives of encouraging Made In Naija and the next generation of Nigerian innovators and business leaders, culminating in positive social impact and sustainable economic growth.
The competition also aims to identify and reward outstanding business ideas demonstrating viability, sustainability, and social impact.
This year’s RISE Challenge winners were chosen after a rigorous selection process involving participants sending their proposals for a team of judges and business experts to assess.
The final four selected competitors then pitched their ideas individually to a panel of judges, who chose the winners based on innovation, social impact, sustainability, and financial viability.
The first, second and third places received cash prizes of N1,000,000, N750,000, and N250,000, respectively.
During the event, Ayokunumi Abraham, Head SME of Union Bank of Nigeria, said, “Union Bank is passionate about supporting Made In Naija and youth-led businesses to scale for sustainable growth.
“We believe this will not only boost and nurture upcoming enterprises but also create a positive ripple effect that will drive employment, innovation, economic opportunity, and access that will empower small and medium businesses across the length and breadth of the country.”
The RISE conference is a premier annual gathering designed to equip young leaders and entrepreneurs with the resilience, innovation, and social responsibility required to thrive in today’s fast-paced world.
This year’s edition attracted diverse attendees, including young professionals, entrepreneurs, business executives, policymakers, and thought leaders.
Union Bank will continue to promote Made In Naija and young innovators to drive economic growth and strengthen its position as a leading bank for entrepreneurs.
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