Broadcasting
Deepfakes: The Next Human Vulnerability for Businesses?
By Ben Jacob, Tech Lead EMEA, Sophos Red Team at Sophos
Synthetic audio and video generation technologies, known as deepfakes, have reached a critical threshold. Once mostly limited to social media entertainment or occasional political manipulation, they are now fully integrated tools in cyberattack tactics. This shift represents more than a technological evolution; it marks a transformation where human perception itself has become an attack surface. Recognizing a familiar voice or face is no longer a guarantee of authenticity.
In this context, businesses face a threat that relies less on raw technical skill and more on subtle manipulation of human behavior. Fraud campaigns now exploit cloned voices and manipulated videos to simulate authentic communications, deceiving even the most vigilant employees. In February 2024, an employee at a Hong Kong multinational transferred €24 million after being duped by a deepfake. The scam succeeded because everything appeared authentic: accent, rhythm, tone… The widespread availability of these tools, thanks to their low cost and accessibility, accelerates the industrialization of such attacks.
A technological threat turned human
Attack simulations conducted with international organizations show that deepfakes are no longer a futuristic hypothesis but an established reality. A 2024 Anozr Way report projected deepfakes could increase from 500,000 in 2023 to 8 million in 2025. Deepfakes exploit a rarely anticipated cybersecurity vulnerability: our instinctive trust in human interactions. Cloned voices impersonate executives; videos generated from public content are embedded in credible scenarios to deceive experienced staff. Beyond technical sophistication, the industrialization of these practices is what should raise alarm.
Voice cloning now requires only a few seconds of publicly available audio, often available via public media such as YouTube or TikTok, allows artificial voices to be generated within minutes at low cost. These voices are then used in automated campaigns, including mass phone calls conducted by conversational agents simulating convincing human interaction. This paradigm shift moves the attack vector from IT systems to human behavior, exploiting trust, urgency, and voice recognition.
Identity: the new attack surface
Across recent breaches, including those impacting M&S and JLR, we are witnessing a clear shift in attacker behavior. Adversaries no longer “hack in”, they simply “log in”. They obtain valid credentials through phishing, vishing, and social engineering campaigns, then use them to operate under the radar of traditional defenses. Deepfakes now extend this pattern by enabling the theft and imitation of identity itself. A cloned voice or AI-generated face can bypass skepticism, convincing employees they are interacting with a trusted colleague or executive.
Identity has become the primary currency of access. As organizations strengthen their technical controls, attackers increasingly exploit human trust as the easiest route inside. This convergence of social engineering and AI-driven impersonation means the next wave of attacks won’t just target vulnerabilities in IT systems, they’ll target people.
Awareness, doubt, and verification: the new pillars of cybersecurity
Most companies have focused cybersecurity efforts on protecting systems and data. However, with deepfakes, humans become the entry point. These attacks exploit a major gap in current cybersecurity: the lack of verification reflexes in voice and video communications. While most organizations run phishing awareness campaigns via email, awareness of deepfakes remains minimal. Unlike phishing, now well understood, falsified calls or video conferences remain largely underestimated. The realism of deepfakes, especially under stress or urgency, obscures subtle cues that could raise alarms.
Detection depends on noticing small inconsistencies such as timing delays or slightly robotic speech, signs that are easy to miss during a busy day. Organizations need to establish verification practices that go beyond technical controls. This includes contextual questions that only legitimate colleagues would know, answers that change regularly (e.g., “When did we last meet?”), or confirmation through secondary channels. “Trust but verify” has long been a motto in cybersecurity, but identity-based attacks such as deepfakes make it more relevant than ever.
“Robocalls,” already widely used to target individuals with daily AI-driven calls, can also be exploited by adversaries for illegitimate purposes. Here too, slight timing delays and intonation are key indicators to identify.
Therefore, team awareness can no longer be limited to email. It must include these new scenarios, train employees to recognize manipulations, and foster a culture of systematic verification. Trust must no longer be implicit, even when it seems natural.
The threat of deepfakes can no longer be seen as a technological curiosity or niche risk. It fundamentally challenges how companies manage trust, decision traceability, and communication security. Organizations must integrate these concerns into governance: crisis simulations, verification protocols, redundant information channels, and continuous training. More than a technological response, this requires an organizational, cognitive, and cultural approach. Against a digital illusion that relies on familiarity, only active vigilance can prevent the next attack from coming… through the CEO’s voice.
A Federal High Court in Lagos has restrained the National Broadcasting Commission (NBC) from sanctioning or punishing broadcast stations and presenters over the expression of personal opinions, alleged bullying of guests, or failure to maintain neutrality on air.
NBC
Justice Daniel Osiagor granted the interim injunction following an ex parte application filed by the Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) and the Nigerian Guild of Editors (NGE).
The court specifically restrained the NBC, its officers, agents and affiliated persons from enforcing its recently issued “Formal Notice” or imposing sanctions, fines or penalties on broadcasters based on provisions of the 6th Edition of the Nigeria Broadcasting Code, pending the hearing and determination of the substantive suit.
SERAP and NGE had approached the court to challenge what they described as an arbitrary and unlawful move by the commission to punish broadcasters for allegedly expressing personal opinions as facts, bullying or intimidating guests, or failing to maintain neutrality during programmes.
The groups also asked the court to determine whether the provisions of the Nigeria Broadcasting Code relied upon by NBC were inconsistent with the 1999 Constitution, as amended, and Nigeria’s international human rights obligations.
The suit followed an April statement by the NBC in which it raised concerns over what it described as increasing violations of the broadcasting code across news, current affairs and political programmes.
The commission had warned that presenters who expressed personal opinions as facts or bullied guests during live broadcasts would be sanctioned.
However, Justice Osiagor, in his ruling, held that pending the hearing of the substantive matter, the commission must refrain from using the formal notice to threaten, sanction or punish broadcast organisations and on-air personalities under the contested code provisions.
The matter was adjourned until June 1, 2026, for hearing of the motion on notice.
Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has arraigned Metro Digital Limited before a Federal High Court in Port Harcourt over alleged cybercrime and unlawful interception and rebroadcast of content belonging to Multichoice Nigeria.
Metro Digital
The company was arraigned before Justice A.T. Mohammed on an amended four-count charge bordering on cybercrime-related offences and alleged illegal rebroadcast of protected broadcast content.
According to a statement issued on Wednesday by EFCC’s Head of Media and Publicity, Dele Oyewale, the prosecution counsel, Steve E. Odiase, informed the court that the matter was scheduled for arraignment.
However, defence counsel, S.A. Somairi (SAN), reportedly attempted to halt the proceedings by drawing the court’s attention to a pending preliminary objection.
The judge, however, declined the request and ordered that the plea be taken in line with Section 478 of the Administration of Criminal Justice Act (ACJA), 2015, which allows a corporation to enter a plea in writing through its representative.
One of the charges alleged that Metro Digital Limited, alongside its Managing Director, Ifeanyi John Nwafor, and a staff member, Ikenna Kanu, both said to be at large, conspired between 2015 and 2019 to unlawfully intercept and rebroadcast protected broadcast signals in Port Harcourt, Rivers.
Another charge alleged that the defendants intentionally and without authorisation intercepted and rebroadcast broadcast signals and devices, including tiger boxes and dongles, over which Multichoice Nigeria holds exclusive rights in Sub-Saharan Africa.
The anti-graft agency said investigations into the matter began in 2019 after Multichoice petitioned the commission, alleging that the illegal rebroadcast of its content caused significant financial losses.
Metro Digital Limited, through its representative, pleaded not guilty to all four charges.
Following the plea, prosecution counsel prayed the court to fix a date for trial.
Justice Mohammed subsequently adjourned the case until June 29 and June 30, 2026, for continuation of trial.
ipNX, one of Nigeria’s telecommunications and connectivity providers, successfully powered the Queen Esther Musical, presented by the Society for the Performing Arts in Nigeria (SPAN), reinforcing its role as a key enabler of innovation across industries through reliable, high-speed connectivity.
Held at Guiding Light Assembly, Parkview, Ikoyi recently, the Queen Esther Musical delivered a captivating blend of music, drama, and visual storytelling to a packed audience. Behind the scenes, ipNX’s advanced fiber-optic infrastructure played a critical role in ensuring seamless execution, supporting the production’s extensive technical requirements, from synchronized audiovisual systems to real-time digital enhancements that enriched the overall experience for the audience within the auditorium and on digital platforms.
As sophisticated technology integrates into live performances, the demand for stable, high-capacity bandwidth to deliver this experience to online audiences has become essential. ipNX provided technical support, delivering uninterrupted connectivity that enabled production teams to coordinate effectively and execute a technically complex show without disruption. The event served as a powerful demonstration of how telecommunications infrastructure can elevate creative expression and redefine audience engagement.
“Our involvement in the Queen Esther Musical reflects our commitment to powering experiences that matter,” said Akintunde Taiwo, Head of Sales, ipNX Retail. “This production broadcast required precision, speed, and reliability, all of which our network is designed to deliver. Beyond telecoms, we see ourselves as partners in progress across sectors, and this collaboration with SPAN highlights how our solutions can seamlessly support the creative industry just as effectively as we do small enterprises and critical services.”
For SPAN, the partnership translated into a production that fully leveraged technology to enhance storytelling and audience immersion.
“We were proud to collaborate with ipNX on the Queen Esther Musical,” said Sarah Boulous, Founder of SPAN. “The scale and ambition of this production required a technology partner we could rely on completely as we wanted audience to enjoy seamless streaming on the Zaia app. ipNX delivered exceptional bandwidth and stability, allowing us to integrate digital elements seamlessly and create a truly memorable experience. Their support played a significant role in bringing our creative vision to life.”
The Queen Esther Musical not only entertained but also illustrated the growing intersection between technology and the arts in Nigeria. ipNX’s role in powering the event highlights its broader mission to connect people, ideas, and industries and ensure that innovation is supported by infrastructure capable of meeting modern demands.
By bridging connectivity and creativity, ipNX continues to demonstrate that its impact extends far beyond traditional telecommunications, positioning the company as a trusted partner in shaping experiences across Nigeria’s evolving economic and cultural landscape.
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