E-Business
Digital Rights & Freedom Bill: Laying Foundation for Nigeria’s Digital Future

Something exciting is brewing in Nigeria. Just coming from a period that saw national outcry against the Frivolous Petitions Bill, popularly known as the “Anti-Social Media Bill”, and the arrest of another blogger, it offers great hope for the future of the country that a new and citizen-friendly bill, the Digital Rights and Freedom Bill (HB. 490) passed second reading in the Nigerian House of Representatives on Wednesday, June 22.
As citizens found an avenue to freely express their opinion through online platforms and through digital tools, there was a trend of new legislative proposals that sought to check “excesses” but none to protect the rights of citizens online.
This bill brings hope for a future where Nigerian citizens’ online rights and freedoms are protected by law. Hope, because in a period of dire economic challenges in Nigeria, this ground-breaking bill seeks to lay the foundation for Nigeria’s emerging digital economy.
With an Internet penetration rate of 46%, Nigeria has the largest number of Internet users in Africa, and the 7th largest in the world.
Although the largest economy in Africa, Nigeria’s economy is largely monolithic with petroleum production accounting for the bulk of GDP. The recent rebasing of the economy however shows that hitherto neglected sectors of the economy are making a rebound, including Information and Communication Technologies – with heavy reliance on an Internet economy.
However more investment is needed in Nigeria’s Internet economy to grow it to its full potential. We now know that Internet businesses are directly impacted when fundamental human rights are not protected in the online environment.
As a case in point, millions of dollars accruing to Internet businesses and the economy was lost during the social media shutdown during the Ugandan Presidential elections of February 2016. The same could happen in Ghana if the threat by the police chief, to shut down social media, is carried out; and this applies to any country where government embraces shutdowns.
Thankfully, the United Nations Human Rights Council at its 32nd meeting adopted a new resolution condemning the shutdowns, intentional prevention or disruption of ‘access to or dissemination of information online, and considers it a violation of international human rights law’.
Africa, with its severe economic and developmental challenges, cannot afford economic losses in any of its sectors – developed or nascent.
The fundamental rights and freedoms codified in the Digital Rights and Freedom bill (including data privacy; right to anonymity; protection from surveillance; freedom of opinion, expression, information, assembly and association online), when enforced, could create the enabling environment which stimulates the inflow of needed FDI to develop Nigeria’s Internet economy.
Beyond the economics of digital rights, however, is the question of fundamental human rights and human dignity of Nigerians, which the bill seeks to protect.
Although the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended) outlines the fundamental rights of Nigerians in Sections 37 and 39 of Chapter Four, which grants privacy and freedom of expression respectively, the rapid growth of the Internet in Nigeria and various applications prompted the drafting of proposed legislation.
Prior to this bill, the quality of legislation touching on Internet use in Nigeria has had ambiguous language, with the danger of being misinterpreted.
In some instances, including the case of the Cybercrime Law of 2015, legislation enacted to protect citizens online has been used instead as political instruments to oppress citizens – freedom of expression and communications.
Increasingly, digital platforms and access influence our lives and work. From policy making that enjoys feedback from social media to business decisions made based on research conducted with the help of digital tools, to personal choices made by individuals because of information obtained from their social network, and even to the work of civil society actors that benefit from the huge reach and visibility that digital platforms provides, digital platforms have proved to be extremely useful, and we should not lose the right to access and/or use them — or the right to enjoy freedoms that exist offline, online.
Millions of Nigerians now live much of their lives online, and the Digital Rights and Freedom Bill ensures that the rights, freedoms and protections citizens are entitled to offline are replicated online.
This thought, that “Rights are Rights, Online or Offline” was the theme of the Internet Freedom Forum hosted by Paradigm Initiative Nigeria (PIN) in Abuja in March 2016, and further asserts the need for Nigeria not to continue on a path full of bills and laws that stifle innovation and limit freedoms.
At Internet Freedom Forum 2016, as sponsor of the bill, Hon. Ujam promised to ensure that the bill is read twice on the floor of the House this year, and that promise has now been fulfilled.
The Digital Rights and Freedom Bill is a very timely intervention in Nigeria’s digital economy and represents a bridge to Nigeria’s prosperous digital future.
[1] Honourable Chukwuemeka Ujam, PhD, is the sponsor of the Digital Rights and Freedom bill in the Nigerian House of Representatives, where he represents Nkanu East/West constituency of Enugu State
[2] Titi Akinsanmi is Policy and Government Relations Lead at Google
[3] ‘Gbenga Sesan is the Executive Director of Paradigm Initiative Nigeria
E-Business
Firm Warns of Phishing Attacks via Compromised Amazon Simple Email Service Accounts

Kaspersky has detected phishing and business email compromise (BEC) attacks that are leveraging Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) – a cloud-based email service designed for businesses and developers to send and receive high-volume marketing, notification, and transactional emails (for instance, password resets).

Because these emails are sent via a trusted service, they originate from reputable IP addresses, frequently include legitimate “.amazonses.com” identifiers. This makes phishing messages nearly indistinguishable from legitimate correspondence at a technical level. Users should treat unexpected emails with extreme caution.
The attacks are driven by the theft and exposure of credentials from Amazon Web Services (AWS). The attackers are using leaked AWS Identity and Access Management Keys – often found in public repositories, misconfigured cloud storage, and exposed configuration files. With automated tools, threat actors can identify valid keys and abuse them to send large volumes of malicious emails through legitimate infrastructure operated by Amazon.
Attackers disguise malicious links behind trusted domains such as amazonaws.com using redirects and by creating highly convincing HTML email templates. In many cases, phishing pages are hosted on infrastructure that appears legitimate, further increasing the likelihood of credential theft from victims.
One of the campaigns observed by Kaspersky in early 2026 involved emails impersonating document-signing platforms like DocuSign. Victims were prompted to review and sign documents, only to be redirected to fraudulent login pages hosted on an Amazon Web Services page designed to capture credentials.
Researchers also identified business email compromise attacks carried out via Amazon SES in which attackers impersonated employees and fabricated entire email threads with suppliers. These messages, often sent to finance departments, requested urgent payments and included PDF attachments containing only banking details – with no malicious links – making detection challenging.
“We’ve seen attackers abuse trusted platforms before – like in cases with Google Tasks and Google Forms – where scammers rely on built-in notification mechanisms to deliver phishing links from legitimate domains like @google.com, effectively bypassing email filters and exploiting user trust.
“However, the abuse of Amazon SES represents a more advanced stage of this trend: instead of merely leveraging a platform’s notification features, attackers compromise cloud credentials and gain direct control over a trusted email-sending infrastructure. This allows them to scale attacks, fully customise messages, and deliver phishing emails that are hard to distinguish from legitimate business communications,” commented Roman Dedenok, Anti-Spam Expert at Kaspersky.
E-Business
NITDA says Digital Infrastructure Key to Startup Investment, Growth

National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA) has reaffirmed that a strong and reliable digital infrastructure is fundamental to attracting investment, boosting competitiveness, and achieving sustainable growth within Nigeria’s startup ecosystem.

NITDA
This position was underscored at the Africa Fintech Foundry Ecosystem Roundtable 7.0, a virtual engagement themed “The Capital Reset: What Technologies Are Still Fundable in Africa?”
Speaking on behalf of Kashifu Inuwa, Director General of NITDA, the Special Assistant on Digital Transformation to the DG, Muhammad Aminu, emphasised that investors are increasingly drawn to startups operating in environments supported by dependable digital infrastructure and clear, predictable policy frameworks.
He explained that digital infrastructure goes far beyond basic internet access. According to him, it encompasses cloud computing systems, digital identity frameworks, payment infrastructure, data exchange platforms, interoperability standards, cybersecurity architecture, and emerging artificial intelligence technologies.
He noted that, “These foundational systems significantly lower operational barriers for startups, enabling founders to focus on innovation, customer acquisition, and scaling, rather than having to build essential infrastructure independently.”
From an investment standpoint, Aminu observed that robust digital infrastructure reduces uncertainty, lowers operational risk, enhances scalability, and considerably cuts the cost of expansion, thereby making startups more attractive to both local and international investors.
He further highlighted several ongoing government initiatives aimed at strengthening Nigeria’s digital ecosystem. These include sovereign cloud projects, data interoperability frameworks, cloud adoption policies, cybersecurity and data governance reforms, as well as the implementation of the Nigeria Startup Act.
In addition, he stressed that regulatory clarity and consistency in policy direction remain critical in attracting sustained investment into the technology sector.
Aminu also noted that NITDA is giving priority to human capital development through the 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme, describing skilled manpower as a vital component of digital infrastructure.
In conclusion, he stated that a strong, well‑structured digital infrastructure framework not only lowers the cost of innovation but also boosts investor confidence and supports the long‑term growth and expansion of Nigeria’s startup ecosystem.
E-Business
CPN Begins Crackdown on Quack IT Professionals, Vows Tougher Action against Cybercrime

Computer Professionals (Registration Council of Nigeria), also known as CPN has begun a nationwide crackdown on quackery and unlicensed practices in a bid to strengthen professional standards in the country’s information technology sector.

CPN has also vowed tougher action against cybercrime in the country.
These were the major decisions taken at its 2026 Information Technology Professionals’ Assembly and Annual General Meeting (AGM) on Friday
Essien Eyo, president and chairman of Council of CPN, speaking at a virtual press conference, said the council would continue to enforce strict compliance with professional regulations to safeguard the integrity of Nigeria’s computing ecosystem.
He warned that the council would not tolerate unlicensed practice in the sector, stressing that regulatory enforcement would be strengthened in line with its statutory mandate.
“The Act makes it mandatory for all persons and organisations seeking to engage in computing and professional services to be registered and licensed by the council.
“It is illegal to engage in computing and professional practice without satisfying the requirement of registration and possession of a valid licence,” Eyo said.
He added that the council was determined to rid the sector of quackery and ensure that only qualified professionals are allowed to operate.
“CPN is committed to ensuring high professional ethics and standards, and we will continue to intensify efforts to eliminate quackery, arbitrary practice and lack of standards in the IT sector,” he stated.
Eyo disclosed that the 2026 IT Professionals’ Assembly, scheduled for May 13 and 14 at the NAF Conference Centre, Kado, Abuja, would serve as a key platform to advance regulatory compliance, professional development and industry collaboration.
The event, now in its 20th edition, has the theme, “Digital Resilience and Inclusion for Smart Economy,” and aligns with Nigeria’s broader digital economy and Renewed Hope Agenda.
He explained that the theme reflects the urgent need to build a secure, inclusive and resilient digital ecosystem capable of withstanding modern technological disruptions.
“In an era defined by rapid technological change, cybersecurity threats, economic disruptions and evolving digital demands, resilience ensures that digital infrastructure and institutions can withstand shocks and sustain growth,” Eyo said.
“At the same time, inclusion guarantees that no segment of society is left behind in accessing digital opportunities.”
He said the assembly would also focus on emerging digital risks, ethical technology deployment, inclusive policy frameworks and strengthening collaboration among government, industry, academia and civil society.
Eyo further noted that the event would feature the induction of new members into the computing profession and would be delivered in a hybrid format to ensure wider participation.
“The 2026 IT Professionals’ Assembly is not just an event but a strategic platform for shaping Nigeria’s digital destiny,” he said.
He confirmed that the keynote address would be delivered by Bosun Tijani, minister of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy.
Also speaking, Aliu Abdullahi, vice president of Council, said the establishment of CPN was a Federal Government response to the need for proper regulation of Nigeria’s growing IT sector.
He said the council’s mandate includes setting professional standards, accrediting academic programmes, conducting examinations, regulating practice, enforcing ethics and maintaining the national register of computing professionals.
Abdullahi reiterated that all individuals and organisations engaged in IT training, computing services and related activities must be duly registered and licensed by the council.
He urged media organisations to support public awareness of the council’s activities, especially the forthcoming assembly, which he described as critical to strengthening Nigeria’s digital governance and professional integrity.
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