E-Financial
Dissecting CBN’s Cashless Programme In A Cash-Oriented Society
In 2012, when the Central Bank of Nigeria [CBN] introduced the cashless policy, the crux of the objectives was to encourage more electronic-based transactions for payments of goods, services, and transfers, etc.
Between 2012 and now, come one say if the policy has achieved these objectives? Has the CBN encouraged more electronic-based transactions for payments of goods, services and transfer? Is there an answer in the CBN’s e-collection platform, a solution that allows electronic collection of government fees, taxes and custom duties, which equally let government agencies exploit the full capabilities of the technology to transform its services to the public?
The digitization of collection process may have served the CBN as a means to achieve its cardinal objective, which is to engender a cashless environment.
According to Director, Banking and Payments System of the CBN, Dipo Fatokun in a report, the cashless policy drive development and modernization of CBN’s payment system in line with Nigeria’s vision 2020 goal of being amongst the top 20 economies by the year 2020.
The cashless policy, he concurred, is designed to reduce, “not eliminate the amount of physical cash” circulating in the economy, while encouraging more electronic-based transactions.
The CBN director agreed that the cashless policy has reduced the cost of banking services including cost of credit and drives financial inclusion by providing efficient transaction options and greater reach, and improves the effectiveness of monetary policy in managing inflation and driving economic growth.
However, has this policy driven financial inclusion, reduce high security and safety risks, facilitate the growth of e-commerce, foster transparency and curb corruption/leakages?
To answer these questions, let us dissect how the policy has affected banking, corporations, government and the banking public.
For the banks, again let us turn to Fatokun, the policy has enhanced profit and income line, reduced risk of cash related attacks, reconciliation and tracking of transactions and payments.
It has opened efficient and effective means of processing transactions on e-channels thereby reducing cost of operations such as cash handling and other associated cost of dealing with cash transactions.
For corporations, research shows that the policy has given the corporations faster access to needed capital, reduced revenue leakage and reduced cash handling cost.
With the myriads of e-channels installed, a corporation can easily make bulk payment across multiple banks in real time.
Added to that, accounts reconciliation, which is described as a “monster” by MD/CEO, PFS the company behind the cheque truncation regime, Yele Okeremi, is now being nip in the bud.
For bank consumers, the CBN cashless policy has increased convenience, cheaper access to (out-of-branch) banking services and access to credit.
This is debatable: my company approached a bank for an overdraft. The bank asked for collateral that is above the overdraft.
In short, the bank did not grant the over draft because our company did not produce the collateral. Case closed.
The policy, according to the CBN, has reduced over-all cost of handling cash and risk of cash related crimes.
This is accurate: Most bank customers have now adjusted to making payments using e-channels such as card, PoS, online and mobile banking as well as ATM for cash withdrawal.
Besides, bulk payment across multiple bank accounts is now possible. With a mobile app installed on my smart phone, I regularly make payments to friends and siblings without visiting the banking hall. Making payment with the PoS is catching on but it can be better.
Paying for good on e-commerce sites in Nigeria is now trending. Booking hotel room, buying air ticket is now a fad.
For government, the policy has brought firmer grip on monetary policy and its attendant effects on inflation and economic stability, greater financial inclusion, increased economic development and transparent tax collection.
It has also increased internally generated revenue [IGR]. The success stories of increased IGR by some state governments such as Lagos would include the introduction of the Lagos State Government Electronic Banking system of Revenue Cycle Management (LASG EBS-RCM) with the Direct Bank Lodgment System (DBLS) of the revenue collection process in 2002.
IGR has grown annually at an average of 6%.
After the pilot of the cashless policy in 2012, IGR grew by 10%.
In Ogun State, which introduced a cashless pilot scheme in 11 state-owned tertiary institutions in response to revenue leakages, witnessed increase in revenues in 2012 to the tune of N2.5billion, which is 195% increase from reported revenues in first quarter of 2011 without an increase in fees.
However, to plug loopholes in the Federal Government revenue collection system and enthrone a new regime of transparent and accountable IGR management, the Office of Accountant General of the Federation [OAGF] has created Government Integrated Financial Management Information System [GIFMIS] in association with Remita, the asset of SystemSpecs, which is the CBN payment gateway.
This is done in collaboration with Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) and other electronic collection channels like cards, PoS, ATMs, mobile wallets.
This, too, is in line with the CBN e-payment policy.
With GIFMIS, all government payments are now routed to the CBN Payment Gateway for onward payment into beneficiary’s accounts.
This indicates that all 700 ministries, directorates and agencies [MDAs] are involved directly in this set up. Meanwhile, the Payment Gateway, hosted by Remita, is connected with the CBN T24 banking application and GIFMIS solution for an end-to-end automation of payment and collection processes of federal government.
The CBN policy has enthroned a new regime of transparency in the allocation of funds, as the budgets of all 700 MDAs is handed over to individual management, separate from that of the supervising ministry.
As it stands MDAs cannot spend beyond the approved budget. If you understand what operates in the MDAs environment, cash is king.
The CBN has successfully eliminated cash and enthroned e-collection and e-payment. Through this process, the government has already saved over N500 billion. One wonders who were the beneficiaries of this N500 billion?
Anyway, the journey is still far, the road tortuous. From the above, could one clearly say that the CBN has created a cashless environment in a cash-minded Nigeria?
Has the CBN encouraged more electronic-based transactions for payments of goods, services and funds transfer in Nigeria?
Rarzack Olaegbe works with eMaginations, with baise for electronic payments, based in Lagos
Nigerian insurance industry has recorded a gross written premium of N1.562 trillion in the 2024 financial year. Mr Kunle Ahmed, Chairman, Nigerian Insurers Association, disclosed this during the 54th Annual General Meeting of the Nigerian Insurers Association (NIA) in Lagos.
Ahmed said that this represented a 56 per cent increase over the N1.003 trillion generated in 2023.
According to him, the industry’s total assets rose to N3.9 trillion, a 46.1 per cent increase from N2.67 trillion in 2023.
He said: “The Nigerian insurance industry in 2024 experienced notable developments, shaped by regulatory changes, economic conditions, and evolving market dynamics. “Available data indicated robust growth in gross premiums.
The industry reported a gross written premium of N1.562 trillion, a 56 per cent increase over the N1.003 trillion recorded in 2023. “Non-life business accounted for N1.1 trillion, while life business generated N470 billion.
“The industry’s total assets expanded significantly to N3.9 trillion, a 46.1 per cent rise from N2.67 trillion in 2023. “Market capitalisation also grew substantially, reaching N1.2 trillion, a 41 per cent increase from N850 billion in 2022.”
Ahmed further disclosed that the net claims paid by the industry stood at N622 billion, with the non-life segment accounting for N437 billion and the life segment for N185 billion.
He said within the non-life sector, fire, oil and gas insurance lines were key drivers of revenue growth, with all non-life products demonstrating strong quarter-on-quarter increases.
Ahead of the Africa Social Impact Summit (ASIS) 2025, scheduled for July 10 and 11 in Lagos, co-conveners Sterling One Foundation and the United Nations in Nigeria held a high-level press briefing at the United Nations House in Abuja.
L–R: Mohamed Malick Fall, Assistant Secretary-General and United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria; Olapeju Ibekwe, CEO, Sterling One Foundation; and Abubakar Sulieman, MD/CEO, Sterling Bank, at the recently held Africa Social Impact Summit 2025 World Press Conference at the United Nations House, Abuja.
The event brought together development partners, policymakers, and the media to outline expectations for the upcoming summit and reflect on Africa’s role in defining local responses to global challenges.
Since its launch in 2022, ASIS has grown into a key platform for regional development collaboration. From eight founding partners, the summit now brings together over 40 institutions working across climate, healthcare, education, finance, governance, and digital inclusion. This expansion points to a growing shift: African institutions are pushing to set the agenda, not wait to be handed one.
The 2025 summit, themed “Scaling Action for the SDGs: Bold Solutions for Climate Resilience and Policy Innovation,”will focus on strengthening sub-national development, rethinking finance flows, and tackling structural inequalities through long-term investment and reform.
Speaking at the press briefing, Mohamed M. Malick Fall, Assistant Secretary-General and United Nations Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Nigeria, reinforced the urgency of this year’s convening.
“The climate crisis is eroding decades of development across Africa, displacing communities, disrupting education and health systems, and undermining economic stability. But lasting solutions must come from those living the impact daily.
“As co-conveners of the summit, and with this year’s theme Scaling Action: Bold Solutions for Climate Resilience and Policy Innovation, ASIS offers a platform for African institutions to lead and for global partners to respond with investment, policy reform, and serious commitment.”
In a presentation on the summit’s evolving impact, Olapeju Ibekwe, CEO, Sterling One Foundation, reflected on the summit’s trajectory:
“ASIS has never been about convening for its own sake. Each summit marks a deliberate step to mobilize capital, shift policy, and advance African-led solutions. Already, we have seen over 100 million dollars unlocked through coalition efforts.
“That scale is not accidental. It is the product of systems thinking, partnership, and a commitment to putting Africa’s priorities at the center of global development conversations.”
In his remarks, Abubakar Suleiman, MD/CEO, Sterling Bank, emphasized the private sector’s enduring role in the ASIS journey: “Sterling Bank has been a strategic partner to ASIS from the very beginning.
“As global development funding becomes more constrained, it is increasingly clear that the private sector must help drive scalable solutions.
“Our engagement with ASIS reflects a belief that impact is not a side effort but core to building resilient economies and inclusive growth.”
Other partners in the room echoed the need for bold, cross-sector investment in areas such as health systems, youth employment, education access, and digital infrastructure.
ASIS boasts a coalition of over 40 institutions that includes Afreximbank, Coca-Cola, United Nations Global Compact Network Nigeria, Sterling Bank, and other theme and technical partners, with Lagos State as the host city.
Interested participants are encouraged to register at theimpactsummit.org
Flutterwave, Africa’s leading payments technology company, has been named in the TIME100 Most Influential Companies List of 2025, marking its second appearance on the prestigious global ranking.
Previously honoured in 2021, Flutterwave joins industry giants such as Amazon, Netflix, and OpenAI in the TITANS category of the fifth-annual list, which recognizes companies driving significant global impact.
The selection process, led by TIME editors, evaluated nominees based on innovation, ambition, impact, and success, highlighting Flutterwave’s transformative role in the fintech sector.
Founded in 2016, Flutterwave has grown into a powerhouse facilitating seamless payments across Africa and beyond, empowering businesses and individuals in the digital economy.
Its solutions span critical sectors such as cross-border remittances, e-commerce, travel, payroll, and hospitality.
The company’s 2021 TIME100 recognition followed its impactful campaign to help businesses pivot online during the COVID-19 pandemic.
This year’s inclusion underscores Flutterwave’s sustained influence, with its technology now reaching over 34 African countries and expanding into new markets such as Bahrain, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia, supporting a leading global ride-hailing company’s operations.
Flutterwave’s flagship remittance product, SendApp by Flutterwave, has gained significant traction in the US, UK, and EU, offering faster and more affordable money transfers for the African diaspora.
In 2024, the company secured 20 additional licenses in the US, bringing its total to 34 and achieving near-complete coverage through strategic partnerships.
Flutterwave’s focus on profitability and market expansion, coupled with a strengthened executive team, has fuelled its growth, with nearly half of its customers receiving payments in new markets last year.
Olugbenga Agboola, founder and CEO, Flutterwave, expressed pride in the recognition, stating, “Being recognized by TIME once again is a true honour. It’s a testament to our team’s incredible work. We’re shaping Africa’s financial future and connecting the continent to the world.”
The accolade follows other recent honours, including topping Fast Company’s 2024 Most Innovative Companies list for Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, and earning a second consecutive ranking in the FXC Top 100 Cross-Border Payment Companies.
The TIME100 listing solidifies Flutterwave’s position as a global fintech leader, bridging Africa to the world through innovative payment solutions.
As the company continues to expand its reach and refine its growth strategy, its influence in transforming the financial landscape remains undeniable, setting a benchmark for innovation and connectivity in the digital economy.
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