E-Business
Hacktivism and the New Age of Cyber Warfare

By Sergey Shykevich
Hacktivism has traditionally been associated with loosely managed entities such as Anonymous. These decentralized and unstructured groups are typically made up of individuals cooperating in support of a variety of agendas and many groups have an open-door policy for recruitment.

However, over the last year, and following developments in the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, the hacktivist ecosystem has matured, in both origins of source and motivations.
Hacktivist groups have tightened up their level of organization and control, and today you will see them conduct military-like operations including recruitment and training, sharing tools, intelligence and allocation of targets.
For example, following Russian attacks on Ukrainian IT infrastructure at the beginning of the war, Ukraine set up an unprecedented movement called “IT Army of Ukraine.” Through a dedicated Telegram channel, its operators manage more than 350,000 international volunteers in their campaign against Russian targets.
On the other side of the battlefield, Killnet, a Russian-affiliated group, was established with a military-like organizational structure and a clear top-down hierarchy. Killnet consists of multiple specialized squads that perform attacks and answer to the main commanders.
Most new hacktivist groups have a clear and consistent political ideology that is affiliated with governmental narratives. Others are less politically driven, but have nonetheless made their operations more professional and organized through specifically targeted campaigns motivated by social rather than economic objectives.
Who’s responsible and do we know for sure?
This type of cyber warfare is not only about inflicting damage. All active groups are aware of the importance of media coverage, and they use their communication channels to announce successful attacks and re-publish them to maximize the effect and elevate the fear of such hacktivist attacks.
For example, Killnet has more than 91,000 subscribers on their Telegram channel, where they publish attacks, recruit team members and share attack tools. There is also extensive coverage of the group’s activity on major Russian media outlets to promote their achievements in cyber space and validate the impact of their successful attacks on their ‘enemies’ or anti-Russia entities.
Increasingly, there is a rising trend in groups claiming responsibility for cyberattacks when in reality, they had little or no involvement in them. Germany’s flagship airline, Lufthansa, experienced a severe IT issue in early 2023 which left thousands of passengers stranded at several airports across the country. It was thought to be the result of construction work causing damage to external cabling.
Pro-Russian hacktivist group, Killnet, claimed responsibility for the attack and said it was retaliation for Germany’s support of Ukraine. The group published a statement via its social media channels saying: ‘We killed the Lufthansa employee corps network with three million requests per second of fat data packets.
These were experiments on rats that were successful. Now we know how to stop any navigation and technical equipment of any airport in the world. Who else wants to supply weapons to Ukraine?’
Despite this assertive message, there is little evidence to suggest that Killnet had any involvement in the attack and were in actual fact attempting to enhance their notoriety and increase levels of fear. It is not always easy to establish who or what organisation is responsible for an attack and it is even more difficult when the incident is potentially state-sponsored.
Who is the person (or government) behind the mask
There is a big difference between claiming responsibility and being responsible. Operating under the cloak of anonymity may be seen as a way of legitimising state-sponsored attacks, but when does it become terror, not disruption?
Research conducted by the University of Notre Dame argues state-sponsored hacktivism is ‘weapons and attacks in the cyber domain intended to produce political effects similar to those usually sought as the goal or objective of a conventional use of force by states against one another’.
Such an approach means nation states can act anonymously within the cyber world, and perhaps most importantly, without fear of retaliation and without taking responsibility for the attacks.
By targeting components of critical infrastructure such as financial or healthcare institutions, government buildings, energy suppliers or emergency services, attacks aim to cause maximum disruption. Though with such significant backing, the aftereffects of an attack such as this could be on a par with those where force had been used.
Prior to Russia’s invasion of the Ukraine, hacktivism was a scarcely used term in a serious context and was arguably on the decline. However, the war prompted a surge in activity from known and unknown groups. Those unknown parties are the ones that create the most intrigue, as they are potentially being aided by government organisations to carry out attacks on targets for political gain.
For example, within 48-hours of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine there was an 800% increase in suspected Russian sourced cyberattacks. Activity hasn’t slowed either.
According to Check Point Research in the second half of 2022, Killnet, the biggest Russia affiliated hacktivist groups targeted more than 650 organisations or individuals, interestingly only 5% of which were Ukrainian.
It is not just Russia who are believed to be using government resources to aid cyberattacks, but groups allegedly in Iran, Israel and China also may have links to state-sponsored activity.
What will hacktivism look like in 2023?
The frequency and sophistication of attacks in this new era of hacktivism will raise questions about their origins. Who or what organisation is behind the mask and are their actions motivated by political gain or terror? In the year ahead, it will become increasingly more difficult to identify what is a government, hacktivist or cyberattack.
It may be too soon to refer to hacktivism as state-sponsored terrorism, but there is no doubt that it is becoming harder to disconnect one from the other. As geopolitical tensions continue to dominate the world agenda this new age of cyberwarfare will only get worse, before it gets better.
Sergey Shykevich is Threat Intelligence Group Manager at Check Point Software.
E-Business
FG Bans Use of Gmail, Other Personal Emails for Civil Service Operations

Federal government has banned the use of personal email accounts, such as Gmail, Yahoo Mail, or Hotmail, for official public-sector transactions, mandating that civil servants transition to a secure, institutional digital platform.

This ban requires all government officials to use secure institutional platforms with the approved .gov.ng domain to safeguard sensitive data.
The announcement was made in Abuja by Didi Esther Walson-Jack, head, the Civil Service of the Federation, during a digital transformation summit held to celebrate the 20th anniversary of Galaxy Backbone.
According to Walson-Jack, the government has activated more than 115,000 official GovMail accounts to ensure that communication within the federal civil service remains secure, professional, and easy to track.
She said government activities should no longer rely on personal email services or informal channels that make record-keeping difficult.
The Head of service explained that official information must remain within government systems even when an officer leaves a position.
This, she said, will help preserve important records and prevent the loss of government information tied to individual workers.
The Head of Service also disclosed that the Federal Government achieved a major target by completing the digitalisation of work processes across all 38 federal ministries and extra-ministerial departments before the end of December 2025.
She described the development as proof that reforms can succeed when there is clear leadership and commitment from government institutions.
According to her, the achievement shows that the civil service is capable of adapting to modern methods of operation.
Walson-Jack recalled that in the past, government files could easily be delayed, misplaced, or trapped in lengthy approval processes.
She said the shift to digital systems now makes it easier to monitor documents, improve accountability, and measure progress in government operations.
Walson-Jack added that the paperless civil service initiative is aimed at making government work more efficient by cutting delays, reducing unnecessary bureaucracy, improving transparency, and allowing records to be retrieved and processed faster.
E-Business
Payaza Launches AI-powered Storefront Platform to Drive Cross-border Commerce

Payaza Africa Limited has launched Shopaza, an artificial intelligence-powered e-commerce platform designed to help African businesses and merchants sell products and receive payments more efficiently across multiple markets.

The platform, unveiled in Lagos, is aimed at simplifying cross-border commerce by providing merchants with integrated payment infrastructure, AI-enabled business tools and access to international markets through a single platform.
According to the company, Shopaza is available across 23 countries in Africa, North America and Europe, where Payaza currently operates, offering businesses a scalable platform to manage online sales and payments.
Speaking at the launch, Seyi Ebenezer, Chief Executive Officer of Payaza Africa, described Shopaza as a major step toward unlocking Africa’s commerce potential.
“Africa’s commerce potential has always been there. What was missing was the infrastructure to unlock it.
“At Payaza, we have spent years building the payments backbone that businesses across this continent rely on. Shopaza is the natural next step, taking everything we have built and putting it directly in the hands of merchants who deserve better tools, better access, and better opportunities.
“Today, we are not just launching a product. We are making a statement that African businesses can compete and win on a global scale. Shopaza is live in 23 countries. The infrastructure is ready, the vision is clear, and we are just getting started,” he said.
Also speaking, Sola Ashiru, Group Head of Marketing and Communications at Payaza Africa, said the platform was developed after a comprehensive assessment of the African e-commerce landscape.
“We studied the African e-commerce ecosystem carefully and identified three critical gaps holding merchants back: limited access to AI-powered tools, weak payments infrastructure, and a broken settlement process. Shopaza was built specifically to close those gaps.
“This is not a rushed product; it is a well-thought-out solution to the most persistent pain points in African commerce today. While we are launching in Nigeria, our operational footprint already spans Africa, North America, and Europe.
“We have also established partnerships with local entities across key markets to drive grassroots adoption. Ultimately, we have solved an African problem, and Africans need to know about it,” he said.
Ashiru further explained that Shopaza offers an all-in-one solution designed to simplify selling and accelerate business growth for merchants.
“The platform features AI-powered onboarding and smart selling tools that enable users to set up quickly, manage storefronts with ease, and optimise pricing and product listings for improved performance.
“Shopaza also provides free, integrated marketing tools to boost visibility and help merchants attract and retain customers without additional costs,” Ashiru noted.
E-Business
NIPOST Plans Digital Postcodes for Every Building in Nigeria

Nigerian Postal Service (NIPOST) has reaffirmed its commitment to implementing a National Digital Postcode System to assign a unique digital address to every addressable building across the country.

Speaking at the unveiling of the Post Code Delineation Model Validation 2026 in Abuja, Tola Odeyemi, postmaster general and chief executive officer, NIPOST, said the initiative would establish a machine-readable standard location-address framework for buildings nationwide.
“Postcode is basically a framework used to have a machine-readable standard location address for every addressable building in Nigeria,” Odeyemi said.
She explained that the project would place Nigeria among the first countries in Africa to develop a postcode system down to the unit level, ensuring that each standing building is assigned a unique code.
According to her, the digital postcode system is expected to enhance service delivery, logistics operations, emergency response, and national planning by improving the identification of locations across the country.
Odeyemi noted that the diversity of Nigeria’s geography necessitated different approaches to address mapping and postcode allocation.
“Nigeria is a large country. We have all the way from the top of Nigeria, which is almost like the Sahel, to the Savannah, to the Middle Belt, to the tropical South and even to the riverine areas.
“The logic that will work for Jigawa is not the same logic that will work for Bayelsa because they have completely different geographical expressions, density of buildings, population distribution, and topography,” she said.
She said the postcode delineation process was designed to ensure that postcode boundaries align with existing administrative structures and do not overlap local government boundaries.
“Delineation has to make sure the postcode does not pass administrative boundaries, and it must not go across two local government areas,” Odeyemi stated.
The NIPOST boss further explained that the validation exercise involves testing aerially mapped polygons against actual settlement patterns and geographical realities in different parts of the country.
“To test the polygons we have drawn aerially, we must ensure they accurately reflect realities on the ground. For example, the density of buildings in Lagos, particularly in Mushin, is very different from the density of buildings in Abuja. We are making sure that density maps and topographical features are properly captured for each state in Nigeria,” she said.
She described the Post Code Delineation Model Validation exercise as a critical stage in the agency’s broader digital addressing initiative, which seeks to create a comprehensive and standardised postcode framework for the country.
Nigeria has long grappled with an inefficient addressing system, making it difficult to accurately identify locations for postal services, logistics, emergency response, and public planning.
NIPOST’s National Digital Postcode System is part of efforts to create a standardised and technology-driven addressing framework that assigns a unique code to every addressable building in the country.
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