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How Increased Access to STEM Education Can Curb Nigeria’s Teeming Youth Unemployment

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With over 200 million people, Nigeria has the highest population on the continent, representing a large market for services, investments, knowledge, human capital and more. The country also boasts an increasingly youthful population, with the youth making up 70% of the overall population — posing significant economic benefits such as increased future workforce and potential consumers, as well increased innovation and creativity.

However, despite the country’s potential to compete with world economies through its sheer size, teeming youth, and resources, 63% of persons living within Nigeria (133 million people) are classified as multidimensionally poor, per the latest data from the National Bureau of Statistics. According to the report, poor people in Nigeria experience just over one-quarter of all possible deprivations across health, education, living standards, and work and shocks.

Youth unemployment, one of the biggest challenges facing Nigeria is youth, is a by-product of its ever-rising poverty rates. About 53.40% of young people in Nigeria are unemployed and unemployable due to myriad factors, including the dysfunctional education system and a lack of skills demanded by an accelerating digital-first economy.

Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education is increasingly regarded as the go-to solution to Nigeria’s poverty and unemployment problem. Indeed, the country has seen a transformative tech boom in recent years, with 383 Nigerian tech startups raising a combined $2 billion in funding between January 2015 and August 2022 – more than any other country across Africa.

These numbers point to the transformative power of technology as youths flock to developing skills to escape poverty, solve local problems, and contribute to economic development. Unfortunately, Nigeria’s structural and infrastructural limitations extend to STEM education too, with the public education system seeing slow rates of curriculum update, lack of essential laboratories and practical-based learning tools, inadequate number of STEM teachers, and lack of adequate funding, especially in schools within rural areas – limiting opportunities to only the privileged.

These worrying trends indicate a need for urgent intervention and region-specific solutions from the public and private sectors and development partners. Consequently, state governments have identified STEM education as a key solution to Nigeria’s unemployment issue and have devised plans to make it more accessible to marginalised communities.

However, while these promises have been made in the past and present, recent research shows that less than one per cent of youths across key regions have benefited from social security initiatives from the government.

Frustrated by the lack of an enabling environment, millions of Nigerian youths have assumed the responsibility of lifting themselves out of poverty as they scout for opportunities to build skills in STEM and make themselves employable in Nigeria’s growing tech ecosystem. One of these youths is Clinton Chidubem Amam, a 22-year-old graphics designer, whose curiosity transformed him from undesirable to undeniable.

His transformation began in November 2022, when Homeless Entrepreneur, a private non-profit organisation whose mission is to empower people out of poverty, enrolled him on a course on IBM Skillsbuild, a free education program focused on underrepresented communities that helps adult learners, high school and university students, and faculty develop valuable new skills and access career opportunities.

“Going above and beyond by challenging myself to increase my knowledge outside of the traditional education system was always a desired part of my learning process,” Clinton said.

“I rejoiced when I first heard about IBM SkillsBuild from my professional coach at Homeless Entrepreneur because it was a key element missing in my journey towards entering the professional world.

“It opened me up to previously unavailable opportunities as it taught me something new, which I couldn’t have learned at school, and ultimately, improving my employability.”

With IBM SkillsBuild, Clinton was able to learn and develop the necessary skills needed for a technology-driven world, assuming the status of a sought-after talent and lifting himself out of poverty in the process.

“The IBM SkillsBuild courses have enhanced my confidence while I become a more competitive professional, who is prepared to strive in tomorrow’s business world. I am now more informed than ever. Learning through IBM SkillsBuild is empowering me out of poverty. I used to feel like a liability to society and now I feel like an asset.” Clinton continued.

Now armed with skills such as project management, data analytics, big data foundations, artificial intelligence foundations, and more, Clinton has watched his career ‘soar and take a new turn and dimension for the better.’ Recognising his growing, layered talent, Plastiks.io, a reputable company fighting against global plastic pollution, and Homeless Entrepreneur, contracted him for two graphic projects presented at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) in Davos, Switzerland. “IBM SkillsBuild impacted my career by providing me with internationally recognised certification for the Future of Work, which connects me to my future employers in a more meaningful way than ever,” Clinton said.

Like Clinton, millions of other Nigerian youths are seeking opportunities in STEM education to become more employable and self-reliant. However, a concerted effort – from individuals, public, and private organisations – is needed to ensure many end up like him. For years, misconceptions have affected interest in STEM education. A recent study from IBM revealed perceptions from interviewed students, career changers, and job seekers interested in STEM roles. While most respondents listed a lack of awareness regarding the diverse roles and concerns about the financial viability of the roles as barriers to skills development, the high cost of STEM training was perhaps the biggest perceived barrier.

However, IBM is busting this myth through SkillsBuild by partnering with 45 new educational partners around the world across social service, economic development, and vocational organizations, as well as government agencies, and universities, to make free online learning widely available, with clear pathways to employment.

Inspired by his transformation through IBM SkillsBuild, Clinton has vowed to be an object of change to many with similar beginnings: “IBM SkillsBuild has improved my professional reputation and inspired me to work to empower people out of poverty.” he concluded.


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Ugo Onwuaso is an ICT enthusiast. He believes technology should be used for general good. He holds a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from the Lagos state University. Dear Reader, Your support matters. But we believe that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. That is why, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and finance and how they affect lives. Our incisive and analytical view of how technology news affects the daily life help individuals and organizations make up their minds. Quality journalism costs money. Today, we're asking that you support us to do more. Kindly support our effort to deliver technology and finance journalism to everyone in the world. Donate as little as N1,000. Bank transfers can be made to: UBA Plc 1017156876 Communication Week Media Ltd

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Glo Elevates Customer Experience with optimized “Borrow Me Credit” Service

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Digital solutions company, Globacom, has optimized its “Borrow Me Credit” service, reinforcing its commitment to ensuring that subscribers remain connected even when they have insufficient or low airtime balance.

In a statement issued in Lagos, the company disclosed that it has simplified the eligibility requirements for the service, enabling millions of active prepaid subscribers nationwide to access instant airtime and data when needed.

Globacom explained that although the service attracts a charge, its primary objective is to provide timely support to customers whenever they run low on credit.

The enhanced “Borrow Me Credit” platform now offers additional features, including “Borrow Special Data” and the option to “Borrow Airtime/Data for Others.” These innovations allow subscribers to support friends and family members who may be unable to recharge immediately, thereby strengthening connectivity and fostering a stronger sense of community among Glo users.

According to the company, the service ensures that subscribers remain connected in critical situations, whether for urgent business communications, late-night academic research, or keeping in touch with loved ones during emergencies.

Globacom noted that the service accommodates diverse customer needs, with airtime and data packages ranging from as little as N25 to as much as N4,000, offering flexible options to suit different usage patterns.

It further stated that borrowing limits are determined by a customer’s usage profile and level of engagement on the network, with more active subscribers qualifying for higher credit and data limits.

By maintaining regular activity on the network, prepaid customers can access different borrowing tiers, from basic emergency airtime to larger data packages. This structure ensures the sustainability of the service while rewarding frequent users with borrowing limits that align with their digital needs and lifestyle.

Globacom encouraged all eligible prepaid subscribers to take advantage of the service by dialing *303# and selecting their preferred airtime or data option. Customers can also obtain additional information on eligibility requirements and applicable service charges by visiting the official Globacom website.


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Africa Projected to Lead Global 5G Growth

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Sub-Saharan Africa is projected to become one of the world’s fastest-growing 5G markets, with subscriptions expected to reach 370 million by 2031, according to the latest Ericsson Mobility Report.

The report says the rapid expansion, driven by the phase-out of legacy networks, will help provide the connectivity foundation needed to support the continent’s emerging AI economy.

Global 5G mobile subscriptions surpassed three billion during the first quarter of 2026. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the transition from legacy networks to advanced connectivity is accelerating.

“The acceleration of 4G and 5G is a defining opportunity for Africa to leapfrog into the AI era. By transitioning away from legacy networks, we are building the foundation for a vibrant, inclusive digital economy,” said Majda Lahlou Kassi, vice president and head of Ericsson West and Southern Africa.

“With the right collaborative investments in spectrum and policy frameworks, Africa is positioned to fully participate in and benefit from the AI boom.”

The report also notes that LTE (4G) subscriptions are forecast to grow from 490 million in 2025 to 610 million by 2031, accounting for 46% of all subscriptions.

Meanwhile, 5G is expected to account for 28% of all mobile subscriptions by the end of 2031.

While Sub-Saharan Africa remains behind more mature markets in 5G adoption, the region is expected to record one of the fastest growth rates globally over the next five years as operators expand coverage and retire older networks.

Markets such as South Africa, Nigeria, Kenya and Ethiopia are expected to account for a significant share of new 5G connections, driven by growing smartphone adoption, network investment and increasing demand for high-speed mobile broadband.

The growth trend is also reflected in the total amount of mobile data used each month in the region is expected to increase significantly—from 2.8 exabytes per month in 2025 to 9.7 exabytes per month by 2031.

An exabyte is a very large unit of digital information equivalent to one billion gigabytes and this forecast indicates rapid growth in mobile data consumption over the coming years

Despite the positive outlook, the GSMA warns that Africa’s smartphone market remains divided between rapid growth and persistent digital exclusion.

While nearly 82% of individuals own a mobile phone, only about 40% own a smartphone. High device costs relative to income, limited network infrastructure in rural areas and low levels of digital literacy continue to restrict mobile internet adoption.

Ericsson said service providers are increasingly prioritising fixed wireless access (FWA) as part of their connectivity strategies.

“FWA is emerging as a key focus area for connecting consumers and enterprises, presenting significant long-term potential to address the region’s demand for reliable broadband.”


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The Future of AI in Nigerian SMEs: Overcoming Barriers to Implementation

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By Kehinde Ogundare, Country Head, Zoho Nigeria

Ask a tech entrepreneur in San Francisco what AI means for their business, and they are likely to talk about competitive advantage, product differentiation, and scale. Ask a small business owner in Kano or Onitsha the same question, and the conversation shifts entirely.

The Future of AI in Nigerian SMEs: Overcoming Barriers to Implementation

Kehinde Ogundare, Country Head, Zoho Nigeria

For many Nigerian SMEs, the priority is keeping the lights on, managing costs, and finding sustainable ways to grow in a challenging economic environment. This difference in perspective explains why the global AI conversation, often shaped by assumptions about stable infrastructure, deep capital, and abundant technical talent, frequently fails to address the realities facing Nigerian SMEs.

This matters because Nigerian SMEs are not a peripheral concern. In 2024 alone, MSMEs contributed 46.32% to Nigeria’s GDP, accounting for 96.9% of businesses and 87.9% of employment. These businesses are the backbone of the Nigerian economy, and if AI is going to mean anything for Nigeria’s development, it has to work for them in the daily conditions they actually operate in.

However, research drawing on empirical data from 144 Nigerian SMEs found that inadequate infrastructure, low digital literacy, skills shortages, and regulatory gaps are collectively preventing them from meaningfully engaging with AI. Awareness of AI is high and growing. What is missing is a clear and honest conversation about what adoption actually requires in this specific context. The barriers are real, but none of them are insurmountable. The question is whether the tools, pricing models, and support structures being offered to Nigerian SMEs are designed with those barriers in mind, or whether they have been built for another market entirely.

Subscription models making AI affordable for small businesses

When most small business owners hear “AI,” they imagine expensive software, specialist consultants, and a hefty upfront bill.

That assumption is not entirely wrong, but it describes a particular way of buying technology, not AI itself. The shift that makes AI genuinely accessible at the SME level is the move away from large, one-time capital purchases towards tools that charge a predictable monthly subscription. Businesses can pay for what they use, scale back when necessary, and avoid the debt that a major technology investment can create.

The deeper opportunity here is consolidation. Many SMEs are already spending money across multiple disconnected tools—one for invoicing, another for customer records, another for stock tracking—none of which talk to each other. An integrated platform that handles several of these functions together, with AI built in, can actually cost less than the sum of those separate subscriptions while giving business owners a clearer picture of their operations.

With margins already under pressure, any technology a business adopts needs to, visibly, show increase in productivity or bottom line. Subscription-based, integrated platforms, priced transparently and honestly, are the model that best fits this reality.

Infrastructure challenges demand a mobile-first approach

No conversation about technology in Nigeria is complete without confronting the infrastructure problem, and AI is no exception. Nigeria continues to face major infrastructure barriers, including limited broadband access, unreliable power supply, and high data costs, all of which constrain deeper AI adoption. These are structural features of the operating environment that any sensible technology strategy must account for today.

The electricity situation alone is significant. The World Bank estimates that the lack of stable electricity costs Nigeria’s economy approximately $26.2 billion annually, equivalent to about 2% of GDP, forcing many businesses to run on expensive diesel generators. That cost ripples outward.

In practical terms, AI tools built for Nigeria cannot assume a stable broadband connection or a computer that is always powered on. The tools that will actually get used are the ones that work on a smartphone, consume minimal data, and can function offline when connectivity drops, syncing back up when it returns. The mobile phone is already how many Nigerian SME owners run their businesses. AI that meets them there, rather than demanding infrastructure they do not have, is AI that has a genuine future in this market.

The direction is clear: build capability from within, using tools that make that possible. Recent AI performance research reveals that 64% of African workers are already actively using AI at work, signaling massive grassroots readiness and driving forward-thinking organizations across Nigeria, Kenya, and South Africa to aggressively prioritize internal upskilling frameworks to bridge the talent gap.

As the policy groundwork is being laid, the commercial ecosystem is beginning to respond. What remains is a clear-eyed acceptance that AI tools built for this market need to look different from those built for markets with different realities. Low cost, low bandwidth, and usability for non-technical people are not modest ambitions; they are the actual requirements. Build for those realities, and AI has a real future in Nigeria’s SME economy.


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