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How Unethical Deals Triggered CBN Takeover of Union Bank -Forensic Report

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A forensic audit report has detailed the multi-trillion naira financial mismanagement that led to the January 2024 sack of former directors and owners of Union Bank of Nigeria (UBN) and the appointment of a new board and management by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

How Unethical Deals Triggered CBN Takeover of Union Bank -Forensic Report

This included a $300 million shadow loan scandal and illegal withdrawals from depositor funds which had threatened the solvency of the bank.

Extracts from the forensic report indicated that the former owners and directors were engaging in financial reporting manipulation, fraudulent misappropriation of foreign loans, unethical financial engineering and inappropriate withdrawal of depositors’ funds.

The report indicated that Titan Trust Bank, the investment vehicle of the former owners and directors, which was merged with Union Bank, had unhedged loan of $300 million obtained from Africa Export Import Bank (Afreximbank).

This undisclosed material item was surreptitiously passed onto the books of Union Bank, and led to unethical financial engineering to cover up the adverse effects on the operations of the bank.

It was discovered that the former directors and owners had added the same $300 million Afreximbank loan to make up over $490 million used in acquiring shares of Union Bank and at the same time placed the burden of repayment of the foreign currency loan on Union Bank, in what amounted to using the bank’s fund to acquire its own shares.

The report indicated that the former owners and directors neither hedged against revaluation loss for the foreign currency loan nor covered interest and fees, while at the same time retaining the full ownership benefits.

This unorthodox financial engineering resulted in revaluation loss of some N396 billion and interest and fees payable of more than N147 billion by third quarter 2025.

Forensic investigators also discovered that the former owners and directors engaged in wilful diversion of foreign loans borrowed from offshore banks, illegally rerouting funds borrowed for on-lending to customers into multi-million dollar swap transactions.

Interestingly, the swap transactions were done with the CBN without informing the regulator of the primary purpose of the offshore funds while simultaneously providing false reports to the offshore lenders. Besides, the forensic report uncovered multi-million dollar diversion of Union Bank’s depositors and lenders’ funds.

In one instance, some $58 million was withdrawn to cover maturing obligations under the undisclosed and unhedged $300 Afreximbank loan. Total inappropriate withdrawals amounted to over $100 million, which created foreign currency liquidity crisis for the bank.

A forensic analyst, who craved anonymity because of the sensitivity of the report, stated that the apex bank’s intervention saved the bank from imminent shutdown and possible negative spillovers in the financial services industry.

According to the analyst, the CBN’s intervention provided the first generation bank with a “soft window” to manage its operations while the new directors redirect the affairs of the bank. The resultant corrective measures have seen Union Bank bouncing back, regaining more market share and redeeming maturing obligations.

By third quarter 2025, the bank was already on its path to recovery following actions by the new management, with many analysts expecting it to be able to meet the N200 billion new capital requirement to retain its standalone national banking licence.

In a formal statement on the judgment delivered on March 25, 2026, by the Federal High Court in Lagos concerning its regulatory action on Union Bank, the CBN stated that while it was obtaining and carefully reviewing the Certified True Copy (CTC) of the judgment, and that the status of Union Bank has not changed, implying that the lender remains under the CBNintervention-management.

“As the apex regulatory authority, the CBN remains committed to acting in accordance with its mandate and established legal processes, the banking watchdog noted. “The CBN assures the public that UBN’s status is unchanged and that it remains fully capable of meeting its obligations to customers, depositors, and all stakeholders.

“The CBN will continue to provide the necessary regulatory oversight to ensure Union Bank operates in a safe, sound, and stable manner, while maintaining public confidence in the financial system,” CBN stated.

In what appeared a reference to Union Bank and other CBN-intervention banks, the apex bank in a formal statement confirming the successful recapitalisation of 33 banks, stated that “a limited number of institutions remain subject to ongoing regulatory and judicial processes, which are being addressed through established supervisory and legal frameworks”.

The apex bank, however, assured that “all banks remain fully operational, ensuring continued access to banking services for customers”, allaying any fears over the operations of the intervention banks, which still face legal issues.


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Ebere Melum-Nwogbo is a trained and practicing journalist. She is passionate about ICT and business journalism. She has over a decade experience spanning money and capital market as well as information technology

E-Financial

GBB Engages Banks, Fintechs on Digital Trust, Regulatory Compliance

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Galaxy Backbone (GBB) has engaged banks, fintech firms and other technology stakeholders in fresh discussions on strengthening digital trust, regulatory compliance and secure digital infrastructure in Nigeria’s financial sector.

The engagement took place during the organisation’s second-quarter webinar, which brought together Chief Information Officers (CIOs) and industry leaders to examine strategies for building resilient digital infrastructure as financial services become increasingly technology-driven.

The webinar, themed “Building Digital Trust in Nigeria’s Financial Sector: Navigating Regulatory Compliance and Infrastructure Performance,” comes amid the Central Bank of Nigeria’s (CBN) directive requiring banks, fintech companies, mobile money operators and other payment service providers to store payment transaction data generated within the country on local servers.

The CBN had said the policy is aimed at strengthening regulatory oversight, improving transparency, reducing concentration risks and ensuring that critical payment data remains within Nigeria’s jurisdiction.

Opening the webinar, GBB’s Executive Director, Finance, Ibrahim Sani, said the rapid transformation of the country’s financial services industry had made trusted digital infrastructure indispensable to the delivery of secure, reliable and future-ready financial services.

He noted that Galaxy Backbone already provides digital infrastructure supporting both public and private sector organisations, including several financial institutions that rely on its secure connectivity, cloud computing and data centre services.

According to him, “Galaxy Backbone continues to provide the digital backbone that supports both public and private sector institutions. We remain well positioned to support the industry’s compliance journey by delivering resilient infrastructure that meets evolving regulatory and business requirements.”

Also speaking, the Executive Director, Digital Exploration and Technical Services, Olumbe Akinkugbe, stressed that compliance with CBN directives and other regulatory frameworks was essential to strengthening transparency, accountability, consumer confidence and the security of financial data in an increasingly digital economy.

He maintained that regulatory compliance had become a key pillar in safeguarding Nigeria’s financial ecosystem as digital transactions continue to expand.

The webinar also featured a presentation by GBB’s Head of Automation and Integration, Thomas Oghenebhumhe, who showcased the organisation’s sovereign cloud platform and highlighted the importance of secure cloud adoption across the financial services industry.

He explained that resilient cloud infrastructure enables financial institutions to innovate more rapidly, improve operational efficiency, safeguard sensitive information and comply with evolving regulatory standards.

His presentation was followed by an interactive session during which participants sought practical insights on cloud migration, data sovereignty and regulatory compliance.

Head of Data Centre Operations, Samuel Olusola Oyeleke, later highlighted Galaxy Backbone’s globally certified Tier III and Tier IV data centre infrastructure, describing it as resilient enough to guarantee uninterrupted digital services, disaster recovery and business continuity for mission-critical financial operations.

Closing the webinar, Executive Director, Customer Centricity and Marketing, Olusegun Olulade, said building digital trust required sustained collaboration among regulators, technology providers and financial institutions.

“As Nigeria’s financial ecosystem becomes increasingly digital, organisations must invest in infrastructure that not only meets regulatory requirements but also guarantees resilience, security, business continuity and customer confidence,” he said.

Olulade reaffirmed Galaxy Backbone’s commitment to supporting the financial services industry with secure, resilient and globally aligned digital infrastructure that enables institutions to innovate with confidence while maintaining compliance with changing regulatory standards.

The organisation said its Uptime-certified data centres, Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI DSS) certification, sovereign cloud platform and nationwide fibre-optic network provide trusted platforms for secure data hosting, payment security, regulatory compliance, business continuity and disaster recovery.

According to GBB, the infrastructure also supports Nigeria’s growing data sovereignty agenda by ensuring that critical financial data is securely hosted, readily accessible and remains within the country’s jurisdiction in line with regulatory expectations.

With more than two decades of delivering shared ICT infrastructure and digital services, Galaxy Backbone said it has continued to support digital transformation across both the public and private sectors through secure connectivity, cloud services, cybersecurity, managed ICT services and enterprise-grade data centre solutions.


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E-Financial

After 12 Years at the Helm, Tony Elumelu Bows Out of UBA

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United Bank for Africa (UBA) Plc has announced that its Group Chairman, Mr Tony O. Elumelu, will retire from the Board of Directors on Aug. 21, 2026, upon completing the 12-year tenure limit for non-executive directors prescribed by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

After 12 Years at the Helm, Tony Elumelu Bows Out of UBA

The bank disclosed this in a statement issued following a meeting of its Board of Directors held on July 6.

According to the statement, the board accepted Elumelu’s retirement and elected Mr Emmanuel N. Nnorom, a Non-Executive Director of the bank, as his successor with effect from Aug. 21, 2026.

The board expressed appreciation to Elumelu for what it described as his visionary leadership and immense contributions to the growth and institutional development of the UBA Group.

It noted that under his leadership, UBA expanded into a leading pan-African financial institution with operations in 20 African countries and four global financial centres, serving more than 50 million customers.

The board described Elumelu’s tenure as a defining period in the bank’s history.

Nnorom, who will assume office as chairman upon Elumelu’s retirement, is a chartered accountant with more than 40 years of experience in banking, finance and auditing.

The statement said he brings extensive leadership experience and deep institutional knowledge of the bank to his new role.

Speaking on his retirement, Elumelu described serving UBA as one of the greatest privileges of his professional career.

“Serving United Bank for Africa has been one of the great privileges of my career.

“UBA has established a unique competitive position across Africa and globally, and I leave the Board with great confidence in UBA’s future.

“Emmanuel Nnorom is a leader of integrity, experience and sound judgement, and I am confident that the bank will continue to thrive under his leadership,” he said.

Responding to his appointment, Nnorom expressed gratitude to the board for the confidence reposed in him.

“I am honoured by the trust the Board has placed in me and deeply conscious of the legacy I inherit.

“I look forward to working with my colleagues on the Board, Management and our staff across all our markets to sustain UBA’s momentum and continue delivering long-term value to our shareholders, customers and stakeholders,” he said.

UBA operates in 20 African countries as well as the United Kingdom, the United States, France and the United Arab Emirates.

The bank provides retail, commercial and institutional banking services and serves more than 50 million customers globally, with a workforce of about 25,000 employees across its operations.


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Zedvance appoints Prof. Olanrewaju as board chairman

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Zedvance Finance Limited has appointed Professor Pius ‘Deji’ Olanrewaju as Chairman of its Board of Directors, effective July 1, subject to the approval of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

Zedvance appoints Prof. Olanrewaju as board chairman

Professor Pius ‘Deji’ Olanrewaju

The company disclosed this in a statement, describing the appointment as a significant step in strengthening its corporate governance structure and positioning the organisation for its next phase of growth.

According to Zedvance, the appointment reflects its commitment to building a robust governance framework capable of driving innovation, sustainable growth and long-term value creation for stakeholders.

The company said Olanrewaju brings extensive boardroom experience, leadership credentials and expertise in governance, strategy and organisational transformation to the role.

It noted that the strengthened board structure would enhance oversight and support the company’s strategic growth ambitions.

Speaking on his appointment, Olanrewaju expressed appreciation for the confidence reposed in him.

“I am honoured to assume the role of Chairman of the Board of Zedvance Finance.

“The company has established a strong reputation as a trusted financial partner, leveraging innovation and technology to create meaningful impact.

“I look forward to working with the board and management to support the company’s strategic aspirations and deliver sustainable value for our stakeholders,” he said.

Olanrewaju is a legal scholar, banking expert and corporate leader with more than four decades of experience spanning banking, finance, academia and institutional governance.

He holds degrees in Law, Arts and Social Sciences, including a Bachelor of Laws (LL.B), Bachelor of Laws (B.L.), Bachelor of Arts (B.A.), Master of Science (M.Sc.), Master of Laws (LL.M.) and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.).

He is a Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (FCIB), Fellow of the Institute of Capital Market Registrars (FIMA), Fellow of the Institute of Management and Administrative Technology (FCMR), and Fellow of the Enterprise Risk Management Professionals (FERP).

Olanrewaju is also a member of several professional bodies and served as the immediate past President and Chairman of the Council of the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria (CIBN).

During his more than 35 years of service to the institute, he held several strategic positions, including Chairman of its Capacity Building and Certification Committee.

He is currently a Professor of Banking Law at Babcock University, where he previously served as Provost and Dean of the School of Law and Security Studies.

He has authored and co-authored several academic publications and serves on the boards of a number of organisations, including Babcock University Microfinance Bank.

The company expressed confidence that his experience in strategic leadership, corporate governance and financial services oversight would support its long-term growth and institutional development.


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