General News
N20:The Most Mutilated Nigerian Currency Note
In February 2007, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) released for public use new designs of the Nigerian currency. The redesigned denominations were the N5, the N10 naira, the N20, N50 and newly introduced N2 coins.
It was neither the new coin or the new design that was spectacular to Nigerians, and no one expects it to be, but the eye catching thing was the twenty naira note which did not come in the traditional paper note format but came in a polymer format.
This, according to the International Polymer Currency Association, made Nigeria the 24th country to issue Guardian® polymer notes and the 2nd country in Africa. The twenty naira note is also the first polymer note to be printed in Africa (it was printed by the Nigerian Security Printing & Minting Plc).
Aside the CBN’s main purpose of cost reduction in currency production, there seemed to be a consensus on the reason the twenty naira note came in polymer form. The belief is that the twenty naira note is the most used of the Nigerian currency notes causing it to be the most mutilated. Even in the CBN adverts of new currency notes, the N20 was used to depict the process by which currency notes are ruined by Nigerians. In polymer form therefore, it is expected to be able to withstand the pressure of commerce much longer as it is exchanged from hand to hand.
Now, two years after the new notes were released for public use, the twenty naira note, now polymer, seems to retain its position as the most abused and mutilated Nigerian currency note.
The twenty naira note, without relying on any empirical data, is the most held and exchanged currency note. Amongst a predominantly poor and low class society, this cannot be farther from realism.
The IPCA also records that the twenty naira is the highest volume bank note in circulation in Nigeria.
The twenty naira by observation is also the most used by public transport operators in giving change (fare balance on excess) to their passengers. Market women and traders also appear to exchange more twenty naira notes in their daily transactions than any other currency denomination.
The money changers, who help split larger denominations into lower ones at a fee at bus stops and vehicle parks have more twenty naira notes in stock and in more demand from their customer base concentrated around commercial transport operators.
The polymer has seriously exposed the twenty naira as about the most roughly handled.
Some straighten it with hot electric iron, others hold it together with ‘evostic’ gum while some one torn it in two. Some twenty naira notes are so faded it looked like it had been bleached. Worse still, some use it as toothpick, some use it as cotton bud to clean their ears while others use it as funnel to fuel their vehicles.
The polymer note may not have fulfilled its purpose to withstand the pressure of commerce for much longer, but it has obviously exposed the unwholesome way Nigerians handle her legal tender. All the currency notes are handled with such impunity by Nigerians. Many people have complained about the state of the Nigerian currency notes and in the usual Nigerian style put the blame on the Central Bank for the lack of enough public enlightenment on handling currency notes.
The CBN realizing the need for currency handling re-education followed the release of the new currency notes with series of media campaigns in an attempt to ensure that these new notes do not go the way of the phased out ones.
Now it is clear that the problem of currency mutilation is the fault of Nigerians who use the notes and handle them recklessly, especially among public transport operators, market men, women and other petty traders. The lack of education or just sheer negligence among this class can be blamed for the state of our currency notes. For this class of people mere media campaigns do little in trying to change their mentality. The solution to maintaining good currency notes lies with Nigerians themselves.
We must begin to reject mutilated notes to discourage those in the habit of handling notes carelessly, because some of these notes are actually abused on purpose. The market woman will be careful the way she handles her notes when she knows that customers will reject it if it is dirty. Banks must also start rejecting mutilated and dirty notes so that petrol stations where most of these notes would usually find ready acceptance would also join the trend in saying no to these notes.
General News
EdTech Platform Unveils over 5,000 Self-Paced Courses for Skills, Knowledge, and Literacy

Hallos, formerly known as Aahbibi, has officially announced its rebrand alongside the launch of more than 5,000 self-paced courses aimed at strengthening knowledge transfer, accelerating skill acquisition, and improving literacy among everyday learners across Africa and beyond.

The new identity signals a renewed commitment to building an inclusive, creator-driven learning ecosystem that equips individuals with practical, relevant skills for today’s economy.
Positioned as a creator-economy engine, Hallos brings together education, entertainment, and commerce within a single digital platform. It integrates live classes hosted by creators, social commerce and merchandising, podcast-driven learning, and quiz-based gamification. This blended approach is designed to deepen understanding, boost engagement, and promote fast, practical learning experiences for users at every level.
With creators already active on the platform from Kenya, Ghana, Côte d’Ivoire, Lagos, the United States, and Dubai, Hallos is cultivating a truly global community rooted in African creativity and innovation. Its expanding international network offers diverse perspectives, practical insights, and culturally relevant content that resonates with learners across regions.
Beyond online learning, Hallos is also emerging as a creative economy powerhouse, driving engagement through physical and hybrid experiences.
Upcoming initiatives include the Learning247 Creator Summit at the University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus (UNEC), and a major exhibition at the Enugu Technology Festival. These events are designed to connect creators, learners, and industry stakeholders, fostering collaboration, showcasing innovation, and expanding opportunities in the creative and digital sectors.
At the heart of Hallos’ mission is a four-pillar strategy focused on long-term social and economic impact. The platform is dedicated to supporting women in technology, advancing massive open connected education, and positioning Africa as a global production hub through market-ready skills development.
By empowering individuals with practical knowledge, Hallos aims to strengthen the labour market and unlock new economic opportunities across the continent.
Hallos is also introducing a social impact course that encourages collective participation in Africa’s transformation. The initiative invites individuals, creators, and organisations to help reshape narratives, broaden opportunities, and drive the continent toward greater prosperity.
With its new brand identity and expanded course catalogue, Hallos is charting a bold future for learning — one where creators lead, communities thrive, and practical knowledge is accessible to all.
General News
FG Partners World Bank, AfDB on Climate Action

The Federal Ministry of Livestock Development has announced its commitment to collaborate with the World Bank Group and the African Development Bank (AfDB) to address climate change challenges affecting Nigeria’s livestock sector.

Permanent Secretary of the ministry, Dr. Chinyere-Ijeoma Akujobi, made this known during a meeting with a delegation from the two banks on Wednesday in Abuja.
She said the partnership aims to unlock opportunities for sustainable growth and resilience in the industry and that the collaboration is strategic in realising the ministry’s strategic goals.
“The proposed collaboration aligns with our mandate to mitigate the adverse impacts of climate change on livestock production, safeguard livelihoods, and promote environmentally responsible practices throughout the value chain,” the permanent secretary said.
Represented by the Director of Planning, Research and Statistics in the ministry Mr. Ohaeri Ezenwa, Dr. Akujobi highlighted the livestock sector’s significance to Nigeria’s economy.
She pointed out that “Despite its importance, the sector is highly vulnerable to climate variability and change,” outlining its implications for animal health, productivity, and greenhouse gas emissions.
While emphasising the urgency of robust policies and reliable data to address the impacts of climate change, the Director (Technical) and Team Lead of the Technical Working Group on Climate Change, Dr. Alike Peter, explained that “These realities underscore the need for evidence-based policies and coordinated national action to drive climate-smart livestock development.”
Dr. Peter said that the Technical Working Group supports the National Livestock Growth Acceleration Strategy (NLGAS), which aims to double the sector’s contribution to GDP from approximately $32 billion to $74 billion in a decade.
He added, “Both growth pathways have direct implications for greenhouse gas emissions, making climate considerations crucial in livestock development planning.”
The ministry is also collaborating with the World Bank to establish a national methane baseline and develop evidence-based mitigation measures.
Dr. Peter said, “Ongoing collaborations aim to strengthen Nigeria’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and access carbon markets.”
Dr. Harrison Charo Karisa, a representative from the World Bank Group, highlighted opportunities in climate-smart aquaculture, the blue economy, and carbon markets.
“Seaweed can serve as a nutritious livestock feed supplement rich in essential vitamins and minerals,” he noted.
Dr. Youssouf Kabore, Chief Livestock Officer at AfDB, commended the ministry’s proactive approach and assured the bank’s support in implementing effective interventions in the livestock sector.
General News
Kaspersky Highlights Cyber Threats at a Major Event Such as the Winter Olympics Games

The 2026 Winter Olympics will begin on February 6 in Italy, attracting the attention of fans both online and offline. Hundreds of athletes will participate, and the host cities are expected to welcome large crowds. Kaspersky experts have listed the types of threats that may emerge in the context of a major international event, regardless of its location.

The Event Audience as a Target
The Olympics attract thousands of people travelling to the host country. Offline spectators may face unpleasant surprises such as fake tickets, which scammers distribute. This could result in stolen funds from bank accounts or even compromised cryptocurrency wallet credentials instead of access to their favourite events. Meanwhile, online fans are at risk from fake live streams and fraudulent websites selling merchandise of their favourite athletes.
Travellers may also encounter fraudulent services posing as cell phone plans that collect and steal personal and financial information. That is why it’s convenient to choose Kaspersky eSIM Store to always stay connected, avoiding potential fraudulent services and physical SIM card hassles.
Attacks on athletes
Cybercriminals may exploit publicly available information and the popularity of the participating athletes. Other scenarios might be targeted phishing attacks and deepfake-based operations aimed at data theft or blackmail.
These should be of particular concern, as well as the potential hijacking of social media accounts. In addition, athletes may face risks of ‘doxxing’, — the public exposure of private information — and other forms of tech-enabled abuse, which can impact personal safety.
Threat actors may also take advantage of vulnerabilities in online security, particularly through data leaks that affect users’ personal information. The Data Leak Checker feature in Kaspersky Premium enables users to identify potential compromises in their accounts, alerting them to any risks of exposure.
Urban infrastructure attacks
Both profit-driven and other types of threat actors may target critical city systems, including transportation, utilities, communication networks, and vulnerable public Wi‑Fi, with the aim of disrupting services or compromising operational stability.
According to a 2024 study by Kaspersky, conducted ahead of the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in Paris, nearly 25 percent of the approximately 25,000 free Wi-Fi hotspots analysed in the city were found to have weak or no encryption, putting users’ personal and banking data at risk of theft.
These attacks can be carried out using malware, network intrusions, or manipulation of connected systems, potentially affecting city operations and services relied upon by residents and visitors. Using security solutions such as Kaspersky Premium along with a VPN will help to protect data by encrypting Internet connection and securing online activity.
Ransomware
Ransomware actors, seeking maximum profit, may view mass events and the related entities such as vendors or other organisations in the supply chain as high-value targets. To maximise financial gain from the high demand to attend the event in person, such attacks can target hotel networks in the host city, as well as stadiums, official ticket sales platforms and other event resources.
APT attacks
Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) actors also consider large international events as strategically significant targets due to their global visibility, high concentration of critical IT infrastructure contractors and complex supply chains.
A prime example of such an attack was the Olympic Destroyer, used against the IT infrastructure at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympics. In this attack, the malware spread within the organisers’ network using compromised credentials and was aimed at sabotage and disrupting the operation of the event.
Hacktivism attacks
Hacktivist actors may launch campaigns targeting event-related organisations to achieve their strategic goals and public attention. These offensive operations could take the form of data theft and leaks, misinformation, or the disruption of the systems involved in the event, such as broadcast infrastructure or ticketing platforms, potentially affecting both the spectators and organisations.
“Events on the scale of the Olympic Games typically draw significant attention from cybercriminals, and potential threats can take many forms, affecting spectators, cities’ infrastructure and the athletes themselves, as well as millions of people accessing with digital services before, during and after the event.
The international dimension and big audience make such events especially attractive targets for sophisticated actors, who pose serious threats that everyone involved should be prepared for,” said Igor Kuznetsov, Director of Global Research & Analysis Team at Kaspersky.
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