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Nigerian Security Agencies Use Israeli, US Technology for Forensic Surveillance of Journalists’ Phones

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Technology developed by United States and Israeli firms were acquired by Nigerian security agencies for forensic surveillance of mobile phones of journalists, according to a report by the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).

Nigerian Security Agencies Use Israeli, US Technology for Forensic Surveillance of Journalists’ Phones

Pix credit… Technical Guruji

CPJ, an American independent non-profit, non-governmental organization, based in New York, promotes press freedom and defends the rights of journalists

According to CPJ, the Universal Forensic Extraction Device (UFED) is sold by an Israeli firm, Cellebrite, while the Forensic Toolkit (FTK) is the product of a US company, AccessData.

CPJ said UFED and FTK were used to extract information from phones and computers.

They are also used in breaking into locked devices and decripting information.

Besides Nigeria, other countries where CPJ reported the use of the devices by security agencies to extract information from journalists’ phones were Ghana and Botswana.

CPJ reported that a forensic search was carried out on the mobile phones and computer of the Regional Editor of Daily Trust in the North-East, Uthman Abubakar, after he was arrested by the Nigerian military in Maiduguri, Borno State, in 2019.

Abubakar’s phones and computer were seized while he was held for two days and interrogated about his sources concerning a report he wrote on a military operation.

He was eventually released without charges.

However, during the period the journalist was held, a forensic search was conducted on his phones and computer.

    Seizure of journalists’ phones, computers, a global phenomenon

CPJ noted that the seizure of journalists’ mobile phones and computers – some of their most important working tools – was a global phenomenon.

“CPJ has documented device seizures around the world, from the United States to Slovakia to Iraq,” the journalists’ rights protection organisation said.

Also International Centre for Investigative Reporting (ICIR)  has observed that several Nigerian journalists have had their mobile phones and computers seized by security agencies.

The seizures are mostly reported in situations where journalists use their phones to record videos and pictures which indict or incriminate the security agencies or political office holders.

Several journalists in Nigeria have also had their phones and computers seized when being questioned about their sources by security agents.

A correspondent of Cable, an online newspaper, Chinedu Asadu, told The ICIR that security agents tried to collect his phone after he recorded a political office holder sharing money at a polling unit during an election in Kogi State.

The security agents, who were working for the politician, wanted the incriminating videos deleted.

CPJ further reported that in Benin Republic, Police copied data from the seized computer of Editor of Nouvelle Economie newspaper Casmir Kpedjo, in April 2019.

CPJ added that when two of its staff were detained in November 2018, intelligent officers collected their phones and computers and boasted about Israeli technology that could extract information from the devices.

UFED and FTK were used to ‘successfully extract and analyse’ thousands of messages, contacts, images, audio and video files, as well as social media accounts and applications, according to an affidavit submitted in court by the Police in Botswana during the prosecution of Digital Editor and Co-founder of Botswana People’s Daily News website, Oratile Dikologang

Dikologang and three others were arrested by the Police in the course of an investigation over Facebook posts. But the journalist, who was detained in April 2020, said he was tortured and questioned over his reports.

According to CPJ, forensic technology designed to extract information from phones and computers was marketed and sold to law enforcement agencies around the world, including those in Nigeria.

    Nigerian government spends billions on procurement of surveillance devices

From 2014 to 2017, the Nigerian government spent at least N127 billion on ‘surveillance/security equipment,’ according to a 2018 calculation reported by Paradigm Initiative, a Nigeria-based digital rights group.

“Evidence showed that these purchases were made for political reasons, especially by the authorities in power to monitor their adversaries and political opponents,” the report by Paradigm Initiative said.

Also, checks by The ICIR showed that the Nigerian government budgeted a total of N72.5 billion for procurement of surveillance equipment in the 2021 budget.

The amount includes the sum of N139.4 million allocated to the State Security Service (SSS) for procurement of a surveillance equipment – MG Eyes.

    Nigerian security agencies have sweeping powers to search and seize phones, computers and other devices

Although the right to privacy is enshrined in Nigeria’s constitution, and law enforcement agents are required to obtain a judicial warrant to search computer systems under Nigeria’s 2015 Cybercrime Law. The 1962 Official Secrets Act provides sweeping powers for security agencies to grant themselves warrants to search and seize all materials considered as evidence, as well as arrest those suspected of committing offenses under the act.

Nigerian security agencies use UFED and FTK to extract information from mobile phones and computers.

CPJ reported that a source in the Nigerian law enforcement sector admitted that security forces used UFED and FTK to retrieve information from devices.

UFED is sold by an Israel-based company Cellebrite, which is owned by the Japan-based SUNCORPORATION, while FTK is sold by US-based AccessData Group.

Cellebrite’s website says the UFED product can extract and decode every ounce of data within digital devices. It added that the equipment is deployed in 150 countries.

Company records stolen by hackers and reported by VICE News in 2017 suggested client relationships with Russia, Turkey, and the United Arab Emirates.

US federal law enforcement agencies have also invested in the Cellebrite technology, according to media information and procurement information listed online.

A case study published in Cellebrite’s website disclosed that in Nigeria, authorities seized a drug lord’s Samsung phone during his arrest and extracted and analysed data from it using UFED.

In the same vein, The Washington Post reported in May 2019 that Cellebrite’s UFED was used in Myanmar to pull documents from the phones of then jailed Reuters journalists Wa Lone and Kyaw Soe Oo.

Cellebrite said it required clients to uphold the standards of international human rights law or it might terminate their agreements, according to the Washington Post’s report.

Also, Cellebrite’s terms and conditions state that products, software, and services are to be used in a manner that does not violate the rights of any third party.

But the firm did not respond to CPJ’s observations that the use of the product by security agencies would always violate rights of journalists.

AccessData advertises FTK as a tool to identify information on any digital device or system producing, transmitting or storing data, including from web history, emails, instant messages, and social media.

It also boasts capacity to decrypt files, crack passwords, and build a report, all with a single solution.

In 2011, System Trust, a Nigeria-based digital security company, established a sales partnership through DRS, a South Africa-based cybersecurity company, to distribute AccessData technology.

 

Nigerian officials failed to respond in the CPJ report.

 

Also, spokesmen of various Nigerian security agencies refused to react to the report when contacted by The ICIR.

Those contacted included spokesman of the Nigerian Army Muhammed Yerima; Nigerian Police Force Public Relations Officer Frank Mba, and spokesman of the SSS Peter Afunanya.

Separate Whatsapp messages sent to the officials were not replied.

However, there have been instances where security agencies targeted mobile phones while looking for ‘incriminating’ materials to use against journalists who are hounded for doing their job.

In 2010 the SSS detained a journalist in Akwa Ibom State Kufre Carter for allegedly leaking a phone conversation that detailed the internal crisis in the management of the COVID-19 pandemic in the state.

Kufre’s lawyer Inibehe Effiong, in a statement, disclosed that a director of operations of the SSS demanded the journalist’s mobile phone to enable the security agency to ‘extract the record and details’ of a purported audio conversation they alleged he had with a medical doctor.

Also, on October 21, 2020, two journalists from The Punch Newspapers Segun Odunayo and Femi Dawodu were assaulted by the Police who also seized their phones while they were covering the #EndSARS protests at the Alausa area in Lagos State.


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AU Sees AI Adoption Evolving to Boost Economic Growth in Africa

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Africa’s financial services sector is entering a new era of artificial general intelligence (AGI), as the adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) on the continent evolves to boost economic growth.

This was the word from Lavina Ramkissoon, ambassador representing the African Union for the East, North and South of the continent, speaking last week during the Financial Sector Conduct Authority Conference 2026.

As AI rapidly evolves beyond current frameworks, Africa faces a narrowing window to define its role in what could become a radically different global economic order, she said.

Ramkissoon co-chairs the African Union’s Science, Research, Technology and Innovation Council and leads its “sixth region” diaspora portfolio.

AGI refers to AI that matches human intelligence, capable of learning, reasoning and applying knowledge across diverse domains, while ASI is a theoretical, future AI that surpasses human intelligence across all fields.

Ramkissoon cautioned the global AI trajectory is already shifting beyond human and machine collaboration toward far more advanced forms of intelligence.

“In my opinion, we’ve quickly moved away from human agency, we’ve moved away from AI agency, and we’re getting into a space where we’re going to see AGI unfold − but not really know that it’s unfolding.”

She noted that this transition could be subtle at first, with only limited signals before a more dramatic leap.

“There’s going to be one or two key signs… and then all of a sudden, we’re going to wake up and see ASI around in terms of superintelligence.”

This progression, she suggested, raises fundamental questions about control and governance.

Rather than focusing purely on technological capability, Ramkissoon argued that societies must confront how much decision-making power they are willing to relinquish.

“From a human perspective, we’re going to have to dig deep in terms of understanding where to next and what sort of control we are willing to give away or negotiate going forward.”

Beyond the technological shift, she emphasised that Africa’s response must be grounded in structural readiness. Responsible AI at scale, she said, depends on three core pillars: infrastructure, computational capacity and a broader understanding of intelligence itself.

On infrastructure, Ramkissoon highlighted the need for interoperability rather than isolated systems, noting that Africa’s financial and digital ecosystems remain fragmented.

“For some reason, we haven’t been able to orchestrate it in a unified manner. This is probably our last opportunity to utilise AI to gauge that.”

She also challenged assumptions around compute capacity, arguing that the continent does not yet require widespread investment in large-scale data centres.

“Our utilisation of AI isn’t at that capacity yet. Running things like language models or robo-advisors are still relatively menial when we talk about the larger capacity required.”

More fundamentally, Ramkissoon pointed to a shift in how intelligence itself is defined and used in the digital economy.

“Intelligence is intelligence. Distinctions between human and artificial intelligence are becoming less relevant as the two increasingly converge.”

This shift is already reshaping economic thinking. Ramkissoon described the emergence of what she called a “new age economy”, where traditional drivers are being replaced.

“It no longer functions on the cost of capital, but is moving towards the cost of energy, the cost of data and the cost of intelligence.”

She also pointed to growing divergence in how global technology players are approaching AI, with some pushing for rapid expansion of capabilities, while others advocate for constraint.

Within the African continent, more than 60% of countries had adopted some form of AI policy or regulatory framework as of 18 months ago, with different regions beginning to take distinct approaches.

However, the continent risks falling behind if it fails to articulate a unified vision and take advantage of the full potential of AI, she stated.

“As much as we understand the opportunity, what are we actually tangibly doing on the ground to unlock that?” she asked, pointing to persistent challenges such as unemployment and low economic growth.

While AI is already reshaping labour markets globally, Ramkissoon cautioned against framing the issue purely in terms of job losses.

“We focus on fear more than optimism. AI is creating jobs and removing jobs at the same time.”

Instead, she called for a broader, long-term perspective that moves beyond short-term disruption toward strategic positioning.

“We really need to zone out and have a macro view. Without that, Africa risks missing a critical moment in shaping its digital and economic future as AI capabilities accelerate toward increasingly autonomous and potentially uncontrollable systems.”


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Qualified Cybersecurity Staff Shortage Among Key Obstacles in Curbing Supply Chain Risks

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A new global Kaspersky study has identified the lack of qualified IT security workers and the need for global organisations to prioritise various security tasks to mitigate the risk of supply chain and trusted relationship attacks. Both factors are cited by nearly half (42%) of the respondents.

Kaspersky’s recent study* on supply chain and trusted relationship risks showed that supply chain attacks have emerged as a top threat for businesses, with every third organisation hit by such an attack over the past year.

The severity and frequency of supply chain attacks necessitate uncovering the key reasons preventing them from addressing the risks successfully.

According to the survey, one of the key barriers to reducing supply chain and trusted relationship risks is the lack of a qualified workforce. This shortage leaves organisations without the capacity to consistently access and monitor possible third-party vulnerabilities across their ecosystems.

Among other primary obstacles, respondents noted the need to juggle multiple cybersecurity priorities. This reflects the fact that security teams are stretched across too many tasks at once, which might leave supply chain threats unaddressed.

Beyond resource constraints, respondents also point to structural issues: 39% say their contracts lack clear IT security obligations for contractors. Further 32% note that non‑IT security staff often do not fully understand these risks.

Globally, according to the survey, an overwhelming 85% of businesses admit their organisations need to upgrade protection against supply chain and trusted relationship risks, with only 15% of enterprises considering their current security measures effective.

At the same time, the results of the survey showed that current mitigation practices for third-party risks remain fragmented, with no way of protection getting more than 40% of current adopters. Even the most common protective measure, two-factor authentication, is used by only 38% of respondents.

In addition, only 35% of organisations conduct regular reviews of contractors’ cybersecurity postures. As a result, nearly two thirds of businesses lack ongoing visibility into the security of their partners, leaving them exposed to evolving vulnerabilities across their ecosystems.

It’s noteworthy that companies that have already experienced supply chain and trusted relationship attacks tend to adopt stronger security habits. Those hit by supply chain incidents are more likely to request penetration test results (56%), while victims of trusted relationship breaches prioritise checks on compliance with industry standards (56%) and their contractors’ own supply chain policies (53%).

“When security teams are overstretched, understaffed and have to prioritise urgent tasks over long term resilience priorities, organisations are left exposed to threats that can move silently through their provider ecosystem.

“To break this cycle, the industry needs to adopt more unified and consistent mitigation strategies, from standardised contractor assessments to stronger cross‑team awareness. Supply chain security should become a shared, enforceable responsibility across the entire business network,” comments Sergey Soldatov, Head of Security Operations Center at Kaspersky.

Only by implementing preventive measures across the organisation and approaching partnerships with suppliers and contractors strategically can companies reduce supply chain risks and ensure the resilience of their business.

 


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Study Reveals 83% of Employees Stay Connected to Work During Time Off, Fuelling Digital Anxiety

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A new Kaspersky survey undertaken in the Middle East, Turkiye and Africa (META) region reveals that digital anxiety is becoming a defining feature of modern work culture, as employees don’t disconnect even during their free time and vacations.

According to the findings, 83% of respondents keep an eye on work tasks outside working hours. An overwhelming 85% reply to all work-related messages in instant messaging apps, while the same share (85%) check work emails during their time off – and 81% admit they are responding to work emails while on vacation or in their personal time.

The pressure to remain constantly available is contributing to heightened stress levels in the workplace. Other sources of stress include work issues, for example, 43% experience anxiety after accidentally sending a random message to a work chat.

Interestingly, not all digital mishaps are perceived equally: 40% report that they take it calmly when they send an unfinished email, proving that some mistakes are considered less damaging than others.

Blurred boundaries between professional and personal life, combined with instant communication tools, are intensifying feelings of constant monitoring and fear of making digital errors.

More than a third (36%) of respondents say they feel extremely uncomfortable or even scared if their boss notices them scrolling through social media at work instead of working. The “always-on” culture may undermine employee well-being, increase burnout risks, and reduce overall productivity in the long term.

“Digital anxiety doesn’t just affect employee well-being – it can also increase cybersecurity risks for organisations. When people feel constant pressure to respond immediately to messages and emails, they are more likely to act impulsively, without carefully verifying links, attachments, or sender identities.

This urgency can make employees more vulnerable to phishing, and other scams using social engineering techniques,” comments Brandon Muller, Technical Expert at Kaspersky.

Kaspersky recommends employees to follow the below tips to avoid digital anxiety and associated cyber risks:

  • Slow down before clicking or replying. Digital anxiety can trigger automatic reactions. A short pause to check sender details, URLs, or attachments can prevent security breaches.
  • Treat urgency as a red flag. Cybercriminals often exploit pressure and fear. Always verify unexpected or urgent requests before responding.
  • Avoid handling sensitive information on unsecured networks. Public Wi-Fi, often used when working outside regular hours, increases exposure to cyber threats. Mobile network and VPN should be applied in such cases.
  • Use technologies that will help reduce risks. For example, Kaspersky Premium offers AI-powered anti-phishing features designed to help warn of potential threats.

Businesses can reduce cybersecurity risks related to employees’ digital anxiety by providing regular cybersecurity training that helps staff recognise threats and respond correctly even under stress.

At the same time, organisations should use robust cybersecurity solutions to minimise the impact of human error. Kaspersky Next’s adaptable and robust cloud-native protection, underpinned by an unequalled cybersecurity track record, is one of such products.

Protection solutions for mail servers, such as Kaspersky Security for Mail Server, with anti-phishing capabilities, help to additionally decrease the chance of infection through a phishing email.


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