E-Financial
Nigerians Cautious over CBN’s eNaira

Hundreds of thousands of Nigerians have opened digital wallets to hold the eNaira, Africa’s first digital currency, but sceptics warn that broad mistrust of the government could hurt its adoption.

According to Financial Times, with the launch of the eNaira on October 25, Africa’s most populous country became the latest country to launch a digital currency, leapfrogging many other central banks around the world.
France, China and Germany are all testing e-currencies.
Six Caribbean countries have already launched digital currencies.
In a sign of how the development of official digital currencies is gathering speed, the G7 group of advanced economies last month laid out guidelines to ensure the currencies will “support and do no harm” to the traditional monetary and financial system.
Razia Khan, chief economist for Africa and the Middle East at Standard Chartered Bank, said central banks were reacting to “the demonstrated need to adopt digital payment channels” in the wake of the pandemic, and seeking “to remain in the driving seat of the process, and not see unregulated digital currency alternatives get greater traction”.
A senior Central Bank of Nigeria official said that the currency’s first week and a half — when nearly 400,000 new wallets were registered in dozens of countries and customers made 12,500 transactions worth 46.3m naira ($113,000) — was a “resounding success”. This was despite customers complaining about a cumbersome sign-up process.
Analysts questioned whether the digital version of the naira — which is built on blockchain technology, but is not a cryptocurrency — can fulfil the central bank’s goals for it: lowering transaction costs, boosting cross-border flows including inward remittances, bringing more people into the financial system and allowing for more targeted social and welfare spending.
“The issue is that all of this can already be adequately addressed using the existing financial payments system,” said Adedayo Ademuwagun, analyst at Songhai Advisory.
“Nigeria is the fintech capital of Africa, so there are just so many options, so many ways to pay somebody, and pay them fast, already.”
At the official eNaira launch last month, Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari said it could boost Nigeria’s gross domestic product — which was $432bn last year — by $29bn over the next 10 years.
Ronak Gadhia, an analyst for emerging markets-focused investment bank EFG-Hermes, said low-cost transactions could make the eNaira “quite significant and disruptive . . . but there’s some uncertainty about how widespread it will be used”.
More than half of Nigerians lack a formal bank account, the informal economy represents more than half of GDP and 95 per cent of transactions are still done in cash.
“The government effectively knows every transaction you carry out [with a digital currency] and in a place like Nigeria where there’s a bit of mistrust between ordinary Nigerians and the government there may be scepticism in terms of adoption,” he said.
He pointed to how the central bank froze the accounts of people involved in the #EndSARS anti-police brutality protests that swept Nigeria last year.
“The eNaira actually makes it even easier if the government wants to shut down someone’s account . . . or even the whole system,” he added.
The eNaira launch comes nine months after the central bank effectively banned cryptocurrencies including Bitcoin, which were used to fund the #EndSARS protests, on the grounds that they jeopardised the financial system and could be used to fund terrorism. Nigeria has quickly become one of the biggest markets for cryptocurrencies in Africa, with citizens using it to get around capital controls, to generate income amid rampant unemployment and to hedge against the perpetually depreciating naira.
The decision to effectively ban crypto was condemned by many in the burgeoning Lagos fintech scene, which has attracted billions of dollars in venture capital in recent years.
Victor Asemota, a Nigerian tech investor, echoing the sentiments of others, said he was “at a loss on what eNaira is meant to solve”, in a post on Twitter last week. He argued that mobile money products offered by some Nigerian fintech companies already streamline payments and reduce transaction costs.
Gadhia agreed, but cautioned that it was too early to discount the eNaira’s potential. “In the context of the scale that Nigeria offers it seems low, but I wouldn’t say it’s entirely disappointing or surprising,” he said. “It seems modest at this stage, but I think it’s still early days.”
E-Financial
Access Holdings Shareholders Approved to Raise N40bn Capital Through Private Placement

Access Holdings Plc has received the approval of its shareholders to raise additional capital of up to N40 billion or such other amount or their equivalent in foreign currencies, via private placement.

The shareholders gave the approval as part of the special resolutions at Access Holdings Plc Extraordinary General Meeting (EGM) held on Thursday December 18.
In a notice to the Nigerian Exchange Limited (NGX), Access Holdings said the new ordinary shares created in connection with the private placement, will be allotted at a price of N20.25 to one or more investors in such tranches and on such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Board.
Access Holdings Plc Board of Directors is authorised to consider, negotiate, approve, and finalise the list of potential private placement investors; determine the structure, valuation, modalities, and timeline for the private placement.
The Board was also authorised to consider, negotiate, approve and finalise the list of potential private placement investors; determine the structure, valuation, modalities and timeline for the private placement.
The shareholders also approved for the issued share capital of Access Holdings Plc to be increased from N26 658 billion to N27.646 billion by the creation and addition of 1,975,308,641 ordinary shares of 50 kobo each ranking pari-passu with the existing ordinary shares of the Company.
E-Financial
Customs Slam 3 Percent Surcharge on Banks over Delayed Revenue Remittance

Nigeria Customs Service (NCS) has imposed a three per cent surcharge on Deposit Money Banks (DMBs) over delays in the remittance of Customs revenue by designated banks.

The development was disclosed by Abdullahi Maiwada, national public relations officer of the Service, in a statement titled “Nigeria Customs Service Commences Enforcement of Penalties Against Designated Banks for Delayed Remittance of Customs Revenue.”
The agency stated that delays in remitting collected Customs revenue constitute a breach of remittance obligations and negatively impact the efficiency, transparency and integrity of government revenue administration.
Maiwada explained that any Designated Bank that fails to remit collected Customs revenue within the prescribed period will be liable to penalty interest, adding that affected banks will receive formal notifications detailing the delayed amount, applicable penalty and the timeline for settlement.
“The NCS has noted instances of delayed remittance of Customs revenue by some Designated Banks following reconciliation of collections processed through the B’Odogwu platform. Such delays constitute a breach of remittance obligations and negatively impact the efficiency, transparency and integrity of government revenue administration.
“In line with the provisions of the Service Level Agreement (SLA) executed between the Nigeria Customs Service and Designated Banks, the Service hereby notifies stakeholders of the commencement of enforcement actions against banks found to be in default of agreed remittance timelines.
“Accordingly, any Designated Bank that fails to remit collected Customs revenue within the prescribed period shall be liable to penalty interest calculated at three per cent above the prevailing Nigerian Interbank Offered Rate for the duration of the delay. Affected banks will receive formal notifications indicating the delayed amount, applicable penalty and the timeline for settlement.”
Maiwada further advised Designated Banks to strengthen their internal controls, ensure strict adherence to remittance timelines and comply fully with the provisions of the SLA.
He reiterated that the Service remains committed to enforcing accountability, safeguarding government revenue and promoting a transparent and predictable financial system in support of national economic development.
“The Service further notes that persistent or repeated non-compliance with the terms of the SLA may attract additional sanctions, including regulatory and administrative measures, as provided under the Agreement and relevant laws guiding Customs revenue collection.
“The NCS reiterates that prompt, accurate and complete remittance of Customs revenue is a fundamental obligation of Designated Banks. Any payment of collected revenue into unauthorised accounts, whether deliberate or erroneous, will be treated as a serious violation and addressed in accordance with the SLA and applicable legal frameworks.
“Designated Banks are therefore advised to strengthen internal controls, ensure strict adherence to remittance timelines and comply fully with the provisions of the SLA. The Service remains committed to enforcing accountability, safeguarding government revenue and promoting a transparent and predictable financial system in support of national economic development,” he added.
E-Financial
World Bank to Approve $500m Loan for Nigeria Today

The World Bank is set to approve a $500m loan to Nigeria on Friday (today) as part of efforts to expand access to finance for micro, small and medium enterprises across the country, according to Punch.

The proposed facility, titled the Fostering Inclusive Finance for MSMEs in Nigeria (FINCLUDE) Project, aims to mobilise private capital and promote innovative financial products for small businesses, according to information obtained from the World Bank.
Negotiations on the loan are ongoing, and approval by the World Bank Group’s board is expected on Friday.
The approval, expected on December 19, 2025, will see the World Bank commit $500m to the project out of an estimated total cost of $2.39bn.
Of the World Bank financing, $400m will be provided by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, while $100m will come from the International Development Association.
The Federal Government will be the borrower under the arrangement, with the Development Bank of Nigeria serving as the implementing agency with overall responsibility for managing the funds.
The remaining $1.89bn required for the project is expected to be provided by commercial lenders as unguaranteed financing.
According to the World Bank, the FINCLUDE project will leverage the platforms of the Development Bank of Nigeria and its subsidiary, Impact Credit Guarantee Limited, to deepen credit access for MSMEs.
“The proposed FINCLUDE Project leverages the platforms of the Development Bank of Nigeria and its subsidiary, the Impact Credit Guarantee Limited, to drive inclusive MSME finance,” a document from the World Bank read.
“Through these catalytic institutions, the project will deploy a package of complementary, inclusive, and innovative instruments tailored to the diverse needs of MSMEs in Nigeria.”
The World Bank described DBN as “a partner well known to the World Bank with high implementation capacity and a proven track record in designing and executing complex, innovative projects,” noting that its role would be central to the success of the intervention.
The project is structured around three main components. These include the provision of inclusive and innovative MSME finance products, the de-risking and mobilisation of private capital through partial credit guarantees, and technical assistance aimed at modernising and digitising Nigeria’s MSME finance ecosystem.
Under the first component, the World Bank said the project would provide Tier 2 subordinated capital to eligible financial institutions and support the establishment of an MSME investment fund to deliver equity and long-term debt financing to small businesses.
The bank said this approach would help “crowd-in private capital, test market innovations and promote financial sustainability” within the MSME segment.
Also, the project will offer targeted technical assistance to strengthen the capacity of financial institutions, improve regulatory oversight and modernise the MSME finance value chain linking DBN, lenders and entrepreneurs.
In its appraisal report, the World Bank highlighted Nigeria’s ongoing economic reforms, describing the country as being “in a critical transition.”
It noted that the removal of fuel and foreign exchange subsidies, alongside the unification of exchange rates, had begun to stabilise the economy and restore investor confidence.
“These reforms have improved fiscal space, enhanced FX liquidity, and eased inflation to 18 per cent as of September 2025,” the report stated, adding that growth prospects were strengthening, with the International Monetary Fund projecting 3.9 per cent real GDP growth in 2025.
Despite these improvements, the World Bank warned that access to finance remained uneven, particularly for MSMEs, women and the agriculture sector.
It noted that agriculture accounted for just over five per cent of total bank credit in 2024, while high interest rates and shallow credit penetration continued to constrain lending to smaller enterprises.
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