E-Business
Opportunities and Challenges of eVoting in Nigeria

Option A4 was a simple, perhaps, a funny electoral system – voters stood in a single file and together with the electoral officer they counted 1, 2, 3, 4 and kept counting to the end of the line.
At the end of voting you could see voters from different wards in the same area adding figures to indicate that collation had started in earnest.
Option A4, which produced Chief M.K.O. Abiola on June 12, 1993, captured the hunger of Nigerians for an electoral system that is transparent and accountable.
That hunger persists today and is manifest in the numerous calls for the adoption of e voting. Nigeria has not developed to be anything near the giant of Africa as prophesied at independence in 1960.
This gross underperformance can be linked to the fact that, in the past 50 years, leaders have been imposed on Nigeria through coup d’états or incredible elections.
The soldier strong enough to shoot his way through to the microphone in Radio Nigeria, Ikoyi, gained the right to form a government for Nigeria.
Politicians undermined the attempts at democracy with money, religion and ethnicity; they set up structures at the grassroots (unemployed men and women) to engage in multiple voting, snatch and stuff ballot boxes, inflate tallied scores at the collation centres and form the vanguard for mayhem if their candidate was not declared winner.
E voting will eliminate these problems associated with paper ballot voting. Furthermore, e voting is convenient, increases the participation of the citizenry and strengthens weak democratic structures like the Electoral Commission, the Civil Society and the Political Parties (call to mind the feebleness of Humphrey Nwosu’s NEC and the crumbling of Anenih’s SDP). E voting confers credibility on the Government, and reduces the cost of organizing elections.
Beyond the benefits to the electoral system, e voting brings another golden opportunity to promote the growth of Nigerian technology. Windows of growth are opened to research and manufacturing companies each time a country deploys robust ICT equipment.
As an aside, it is difficult to understand why Nigeria, with millions of unemployed University and Polytechnic graduates, is importing millions of Pre- Paid Meters for electricity distribution from South and North Korea, Taiwan and China. The digitization of broadcasting requires the distribution of over 35 million TV boxes in Nigeria and again the local manufacturers would be snubbed as in the Pre-Paid Meters case. E voting offers another huge opportunity for technology transfer and acquisition.
Hundreds of thousands of voting machines would be deployed if Nigeria adopts e voting for the elections in 2019.
At this time, The Federal Government and the Independent Electoral Commission should be engaging local manufacturing companies, working closely with NOTAP, to design and fabricate the Nigerian Voting Machine. Nigeria is, as usual, dithering 20 years behind peers like Brazil, going by Wikipedia reports of what other nations have done.
The Brazilian Electoral Justice in 1996 launched the Brazilian Voting Machine. In 2010 Presidential elections, 135 million voters used the Brazilian Electronic Ballot Boxes and the result was defined 75 minutes after the end of voting.
In India, in 2004, 380 million voters cast their votes through the Electronic Voting Machines, EVM. The Indian Electronic Voting Machines were designed and developed by two companies owned by the Indian Government – Bharat Electronics and Electronics Corporation of India.
This is not the time to agonize over the comatose state of the Defense Industries Corporation or the outright death of the Telecommunications workshop of the Ministry of Communications. The change mantra of the Buhari administration could find a deep chest of experience and expertise in the private sector to design and produce the Nigerian Voting Machine.
A company like Zinox Technologies Limited, the most integrated ICT firm in West Africa, has proved repeatedly that it possesses the competencies, clout and financial muscle to deliver outstandingly on huge national projects with breath taking time lines.
With a soaring growth in all performance indices and a 21st Century Management team, Zinox Technologies has consistently proven that IT knowledge and deployment of robust ICT infrastructures are the key drivers of the new economy.
At the eve of the 2007 elections, the company deployed 12,000 laptops in 2 weeks and in 2011 another 120,000 DDC Machines, in 3 weeks to salvage the National Voters’ register. These are solid referrals that talk of patriotism and exceptional indigenous capacity.
The Nnewi cluster with Innoson Group, the automotive manufacturer in the lead, can yield some solutions towards the fabrication of Nigerian Voting Machine.
This is 2016 and INEC must begin to mobilize the ICT manufacturing sector to produce this machine. INEC would get more accolades if, in addition to conducting a credible election, she midwife’s the production of a Nigerian Voting Machine.
I must warn that the technology world is aware of Nigeria’s fire brigade approach to the deployment of robust ICT infrastructure. There are foreign companies, without any presence in Nigeria, who will turn this bid into a hustle, in the last quarter of 2018, using Nigerian fronts.
These foreign companies know that all they need to win a huge contract in Nigeria may be a brief case, a ream of letter headed paper, and the Nigerian factor. INEC must insist on a truly Nigerian Voting Machine, designed and produced by Nigerians. This will greatly serve the letters and spirit of the Muhammadu Buhari change administration.
E voting is yet to be adopted by Nigeria but it is the only way forward to deepen the democratic experience.
There are challenges to the adoption and diffusion of e voting – top on the list is the willingness of the State to conduct a transparent and accountable election. Politicians could resist the transition to e-voting because their ability to maneuver the process would be greatly diminished. The Executive arm of Government or the National Assembly could initiate the transition to e-voting by proposing the revision of Section 52(1)(b) of the Electoral Act 2010, identified by Professor Jega, in 2012, as the major obstacle to the adoption of e-voting. It is heart- warming that in May 2016, Nigeria’s foremost IT personality, Leo Stan Ekeh, Chairman of Zinox, had an interactive session on e-voting with members of the House of Representatives during their retreat. Shortly after the House adopted e-voting as part of its internal processes. Many patriots see this as a step towards tackling Section 52(1)(b), a pilot program of some sort.
Electricity supply has become a national albatross – all sectors of the economy are cringing from its dark reality. There might just be no power to light up the polling booths, to operate the voting machines and internet connectivity. The erratic power supply is another reason why we must start the move to e-voting now.
The Nigerian electricity reality may require that each machine comes standard with two batteries and the booths lit up with a solar back-up.
We are lucky that the GSM phones are widely used at the grassroots including those we refer to as stark illiterates. Electronic Voting Machines are not likely to look stranger than the ATM machines, littering the urban centers, to most Nigerians.
However, an early Elections Enlightenment campaign would be necessary to achieve public acceptance of the Electronic Voting system, encourage conformity to its rules and processes and particularly debrief the grassroots political structures of politicians that impunity has no place in the new system.
This Public Enlightenment must go on simultaneously with the training of INEC staff, ad hoc staff inclusive. The training of ad hoc staff can be achieved by organizing regular lectures on e-voting at the orientation camps of all batches of the National Youth Service Corps.
The challenges are numerous but the thought of transparent elections in Nigeria – verifiable, free from violence and rancor, with limited number of litigations, not full of innocent errors and deliberate inaccuracies associated with paper voting – increases the appeal of e-voting.
The desire is for successive elections that enjoy the confidence of the people while producing credible Governments, imbued with integrity.
Such Governments can reach out for the sublime and the people would follow without counting the costs. Then and only then can Nigeria scream – Eureka!
Echika Ezuka, former Corporate Communications Adviser to the Zinox Group
E-Business
Qualified Cybersecurity Staff Shortage Among Key Obstacles in Curbing Supply Chain Risks

A new global Kaspersky study has identified the lack of qualified IT security workers and the need for global organisations to prioritise various security tasks to mitigate the risk of supply chain and trusted relationship attacks. Both factors are cited by nearly half (42%) of the respondents.

Kaspersky’s recent study* on supply chain and trusted relationship risks showed that supply chain attacks have emerged as a top threat for businesses, with every third organisation hit by such an attack over the past year.
The severity and frequency of supply chain attacks necessitate uncovering the key reasons preventing them from addressing the risks successfully.
According to the survey, one of the key barriers to reducing supply chain and trusted relationship risks is the lack of a qualified workforce. This shortage leaves organisations without the capacity to consistently access and monitor possible third-party vulnerabilities across their ecosystems.
Among other primary obstacles, respondents noted the need to juggle multiple cybersecurity priorities. This reflects the fact that security teams are stretched across too many tasks at once, which might leave supply chain threats unaddressed.
Beyond resource constraints, respondents also point to structural issues: 39% say their contracts lack clear IT security obligations for contractors. Further 32% note that non‑IT security staff often do not fully understand these risks.
Globally, according to the survey, an overwhelming 85% of businesses admit their organisations need to upgrade protection against supply chain and trusted relationship risks, with only 15% of enterprises considering their current security measures effective.
At the same time, the results of the survey showed that current mitigation practices for third-party risks remain fragmented, with no way of protection getting more than 40% of current adopters. Even the most common protective measure, two-factor authentication, is used by only 38% of respondents.
In addition, only 35% of organisations conduct regular reviews of contractors’ cybersecurity postures. As a result, nearly two thirds of businesses lack ongoing visibility into the security of their partners, leaving them exposed to evolving vulnerabilities across their ecosystems.
It’s noteworthy that companies that have already experienced supply chain and trusted relationship attacks tend to adopt stronger security habits. Those hit by supply chain incidents are more likely to request penetration test results (56%), while victims of trusted relationship breaches prioritise checks on compliance with industry standards (56%) and their contractors’ own supply chain policies (53%).
“When security teams are overstretched, understaffed and have to prioritise urgent tasks over long term resilience priorities, organisations are left exposed to threats that can move silently through their provider ecosystem.
“To break this cycle, the industry needs to adopt more unified and consistent mitigation strategies, from standardised contractor assessments to stronger cross‑team awareness. Supply chain security should become a shared, enforceable responsibility across the entire business network,” comments Sergey Soldatov, Head of Security Operations Center at Kaspersky.
Only by implementing preventive measures across the organisation and approaching partnerships with suppliers and contractors strategically can companies reduce supply chain risks and ensure the resilience of their business.
E-Business
Study Reveals 83% of Employees Stay Connected to Work During Time Off, Fuelling Digital Anxiety

A new Kaspersky survey undertaken in the Middle East, Turkiye and Africa (META) region reveals that digital anxiety is becoming a defining feature of modern work culture, as employees don’t disconnect even during their free time and vacations.

According to the findings, 83% of respondents keep an eye on work tasks outside working hours. An overwhelming 85% reply to all work-related messages in instant messaging apps, while the same share (85%) check work emails during their time off – and 81% admit they are responding to work emails while on vacation or in their personal time.
The pressure to remain constantly available is contributing to heightened stress levels in the workplace. Other sources of stress include work issues, for example, 43% experience anxiety after accidentally sending a random message to a work chat.
Interestingly, not all digital mishaps are perceived equally: 40% report that they take it calmly when they send an unfinished email, proving that some mistakes are considered less damaging than others.
Blurred boundaries between professional and personal life, combined with instant communication tools, are intensifying feelings of constant monitoring and fear of making digital errors.
More than a third (36%) of respondents say they feel extremely uncomfortable or even scared if their boss notices them scrolling through social media at work instead of working. The “always-on” culture may undermine employee well-being, increase burnout risks, and reduce overall productivity in the long term.
“Digital anxiety doesn’t just affect employee well-being – it can also increase cybersecurity risks for organisations. When people feel constant pressure to respond immediately to messages and emails, they are more likely to act impulsively, without carefully verifying links, attachments, or sender identities.
This urgency can make employees more vulnerable to phishing, and other scams using social engineering techniques,” comments Brandon Muller, Technical Expert at Kaspersky.
Kaspersky recommends employees to follow the below tips to avoid digital anxiety and associated cyber risks:
- Slow down before clicking or replying. Digital anxiety can trigger automatic reactions. A short pause to check sender details, URLs, or attachments can prevent security breaches.
- Treat urgency as a red flag. Cybercriminals often exploit pressure and fear. Always verify unexpected or urgent requests before responding.
- Avoid handling sensitive information on unsecured networks. Public Wi-Fi, often used when working outside regular hours, increases exposure to cyber threats. Mobile network and VPN should be applied in such cases.
- Use technologies that will help reduce risks. For example, Kaspersky Premium offers AI-powered anti-phishing features designed to help warn of potential threats.
Businesses can reduce cybersecurity risks related to employees’ digital anxiety by providing regular cybersecurity training that helps staff recognise threats and respond correctly even under stress.
At the same time, organisations should use robust cybersecurity solutions to minimise the impact of human error. Kaspersky Next’s adaptable and robust cloud-native protection, underpinned by an unequalled cybersecurity track record, is one of such products.
Protection solutions for mail servers, such as Kaspersky Security for Mail Server, with anti-phishing capabilities, help to additionally decrease the chance of infection through a phishing email.
E-Business
FG Approves Electric Buses for Civil Servants, Pushes Local Auto Growth

Federal Government of Nigeria has approved the acquisition of electric buses for civil servants as part of efforts to promote cleaner transportation and boost local vehicle manufacturing.

The development was disclosed in Abuja by Joseph Osanipin, Director-General of the National Automotive Design and Development Council (NADDC). Osanipin said the buses would be sourced from local assemblers to strengthen domestic production and stimulate growth in Nigeria’s automotive sector.
He stated: “The initiative is aimed at encouraging the transition to cleaner mobility while creating opportunities for local manufacturers.” According to him, the government has also procured charging infrastructure that will be deployed across parts of the country to support the adoption of electric vehicles.
As part of broader efforts to develop the sector, the council is establishing the Nnewi Automotive Development Park in Anambra State. Osanipin explained: “We are developing the Nnewi Automotive Development Park where we will provide the necessary infrastructure so that users of the park can share facilities.”
He added that the shared infrastructure model would enable investors and manufacturers to operate without bearing the full cost of setting up independent facilities. The council is also seeking additional investment to accelerate the development of the park and attract more industry participants.
Osanipin urged Nigerians to support locally assembled vehicles, noting that increased patronage would help create jobs and drive economic growth. He said the council is providing training to manufacturers and stakeholders to enhance local production of vehicle components such as batteries and tyres.
“The move will reduce import dependence, create employment opportunities, and contribute to the country’s Gross Domestic Product,” he said. The NADDC is also working with the Bank of Industry Nigeria to facilitate the disbursement of the National Automotive Development Fund to qualified stakeholders.
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