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SERAP Drags President Buhari to Court over Old N500, N1,000 Notes Ban

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Socio-Economic Rights and Accountability Project (SERAP) has filed a lawsuit against President Muhammadu Buhari over “the unlawful directive banning the use of old N500 and N1,000 banknotes, which goes against the interim injunction granted by the Supreme Court that the old N200, N500, and N1000 notes remain legal tender.”

The Supreme Court in a case initially brought by 10 states recently ruled that the old banknotes remain legal tender pending the determination of a motion on notice fixed for February 22. The deadline for the swap of the old notes expired February 10.

However, Buhari in a national broadcast last week directed the CBN to recirculate only the old N200 banknotes, thereby overruling the Supreme Court and banning the use of old N500 and N1,000 notes in the country.

In the suit number FHC/ABJ/CS/233/2023 filed last Friday at the Federal High Court, Abuja SERAP is asking the court to determine “whether President Buhari’s directive banning the N500 and N1,000 banknotes is not inconsistent and incompatible with the constitutional duties to obey decisions of the Supreme Court and oath of office.”

SERAP is asking the court for “a declaration that President Buhari’s directive banning the use of old N500 and N1,000 banknotes is a fundamental breach of section 287(1) of the Nigerian Constitution 1999 [as amended] and his constitutional oath of office, and therefore unconstitutional, unlawful, null and void.”

Joined in the suit as Defendants are the Attorney General of the Federation and Minister of Justice, Abubakar Malami, SAN, and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

SERAP is seeking “an order of interim injunction restraining President Buhari, the CBN and Mr Malami, their agents or privies from further enforcing the presidential directive banning the old N500 and N1,000 banknotes, pending the hearing and determination of the motion on notice filed contemporaneously in this suit.”

In the suit, SERAP is arguing that: “Upholding the rule of law is the cornerstone of Nigeria’s constitutional democracy. President Buhari and other public officials and authorities have a binding legal responsibility to strictly comply with the rule of law and obey the decisions by the Supreme Court, and all other courts.”

SERAP is also arguing that, “The directive to ban the use of N500 and N1000 banknotes, contrary to the interim injunction by the Supreme Court, is ultra vires – beyond the constitutional and legitimate powers of President Buhari and the government.”

The suit filed on behalf of SERAP by its lawyers Ebun-Olu Adegboruwa, SAN, and Kolawole Oluwadare, read in part: “It is a very serious matter for anyone to flout a positive order of a court.”

“President Buhari’s directive undermines the authority and independence of the judiciary, which is an underlying constitutional principle intended to ensure that government is conducted according to law, and to prevent the arbitrary exercise of powers or discretion by public officials and authorities.”

“An order of Court must be obeyed even if such an order is perverse, until such a time that the order is set aside by a competent court. A flagrant flouting of an order of the court by the executive is an invitation to anarchy.”

“The rule of law makes all government officials, including the President and other officials, answerable for their acts in the ordinary courts. The law must apply to everybody; nobody is above the law.”

“Section 281(1) of the Nigerian Constitution provides that, ‘the decisions of the Supreme Court shall be enforced in any part of the Federation by all authorities and persons, and by courts with subordinate jurisdiction to that of the Supreme Court.”

“Under 318 (1) of the Nigerian Constitution, ‘decision’ means in relation to a court, any determination of that court and includes judgement decree, order, conviction, sentence or recommendation.”

“It is the duty of the government to allow the law to take its course or allow the legal and judicial process to run its full course.”

“The directive by President Buhari to ban the use of the old N500 and N1000 banknotes can have no other interpretation than the show of intention to pre-empt the final decision of the Supreme Court in this case.”

“The courts expect the utmost respect of the law from the government itself which rules by the law.”

“The rule of law is essential in a constitutional democracy such as we have in this country for the protection of the rights of citizens and for checking arbitrary use of power by the executive or its agencies.”

“It is a necessary implication of the rule of law that, except where the law gives a discretion to a public functionary, he can only act in accordance with the law, as to do otherwise may enthrone arbitrariness.”

“The Defendants are public officers who have sworn the constitutional oath office to perform their respective duties in the interest of the Nigerian citizens.”

“This suit is not challenging the statutory power of the Central Bank of Nigeria, acting on the directive of the President, to change the currency and denomination banknotes in Nigeria.”

“Unless the reliefs sought are granted, the Defendants will continue to violate constitutional provisions and disobey the order of the Supreme Court as implied by the directive of the President in his address to the nation on 16 February, 2023.”

No date has been fixed for the hearing of the suit.


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Ugo Onwuaso is an ICT enthusiast. He believes technology should be used for general good. He holds a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from the Lagos state University. Dear Reader, Your support matters. But we believe that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. That is why, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and finance and how they affect lives. Our incisive and analytical view of how technology news affects the daily life help individuals and organizations make up their minds. Quality journalism costs money. Today, we're asking that you support us to do more. Kindly support our effort to deliver technology and finance journalism to everyone in the world. Donate as little as N1,000. Bank transfers can be made to: UBA Plc 1017156876 Communication Week Media Ltd

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Joshua Ichor, Nigerian Innovator Bags Europe’s €60m Fellowship

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Joshua Ichor, a Nigerian geoscientist and innovator, has secured a rare invitation into the prestigious EWOR Fellowship, one of Europe’s most selective founder programmes built for outlier entrepreneurs with the potential to create billion-euro companies.

Joshua Ichor, Nigerian Innovator Bags Europe’s €60m Fellowship

Joshua Ichor

The invitation places Ichor inside EWOR’s elite founder ecosystem, a powerful European platform associated with a reported €60 million commitment to backing exceptional founders building the next generation of globally significant companies.

EWOR describes itself as a fellowship for founders who “think in decades and build in days.” The platform says it backs the top 0.1% of founders building potential €10 billion+ companies, with mentorship from unicorn-builders and a founder-first model designed for exceptional entrepreneurs.

For Ichor, the selection is more than another milestone. It is a signal that one of Europe’s most ambitious founder networks sees major global potential in the Nigerian innovator.

While the technology Ichor is currently building has not been disclosed to the public, sources close to the development describe it as a powerful and ambitious piece of technology with the potential to scale internationally.

The project remains under wraps as Ichor continues to refine the product, strategy, and long-term market direction.

According to the fellowship invitation, EWOR believes Ichor is among the few founders with what it takes to build a company that could be valued at €1 billion or more.

That belief places him in a rare class of founders being watched not only for what they have done, but for what they are quietly building next.

EWOR has earned attention for its radical selectivity and founder-first approach.

Its own platform highlights a 0.1% acceptance rate, describing the fellowship as a community of outlier founders who push and sharpen one another.

EWOR’s public materials also reference the fellowship as “Harder than Y Combinator,” built by unicorn founders for founders seeking a higher level of ambition.

The fellowship connects selected founders with a powerful network of unicorn builders, investors, and operators.

Ichor is expected to build alongside a high-calibre founder community that includes names such as Ricky Knox, known for two nine-figure exits; Andrew Nutter, associated with a €180 million revenue company and Sequoia Scout experience; Nick D’Aloisio, widely known for achieving a major technology exit as a teenager; and Jörgen Tveit, who raised one of Europe’s biggest-ever pre-seed rounds by a first-time founder.

The EWOR ecosystem also gives founders access to sessions with globally recognized operators and investors, including Fabrice Grinda, founder of OLX; Kevin Hartz, founder of Eventbrite and Xoom; Mark Ghermezian, founder of Braze; and Michael Baum, founder of Splunk.

For a Nigerian geoscientist to enter this circle is a major statement. It shows that African technical talent is increasingly stepping into the same rooms as some of the world’s most ambitious venture-backed founders.

Ichor’s current technology remains confidential, but the conviction from EWOR suggests that the opportunity is significant.

The details are not yet be public, but the direction is clear: Joshua Ichor is building something with global ambition.

EWOR’s wider network includes some of the world’s leading startup investors and venture names, including A16Z, Accel, Atomico, Balderton, Earlybird, EQT, FJ Labs, Lakestar, Sequoia, Speedinvest, World Fund, and others.

Its platform says fellows raise at 50–300% higher valuations than average, further underlining the strength of the ecosystem around selected founders.

 


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More than 50 Percent of Leaked Passwords End with a Number – Research Reveals

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To mark the occasion of World Password Day, Kaspersky experts analysed 231 million unique passwords in major password leaks from 2023 to 2026, and uncovered several key patterns.

First, 68% of modern passwords can be cracked within a day. Second, it turned out that the vast majority of compromised passwords either begin or end with a digit – a common pattern that makes them potentially vulnerable to brute force attacks.

And third, users also favour positive and trending words; for example, over the past couple of years, use of the word “Skibidi” in analysed passwords surged 36 times, mirroring the rise of that Internet trend.

In recent years, secure passwords’ rules have become a widely discussed topic. More and more services now demand passwords that are at least 10 characters long, include an uppercase letter, and contain a number or a symbol.

Yet a comparative analysis of leaked passwords from the past few years shows that even following some of those rules does not guarantee resistance to brute‑force or AI‑driven attacks.

Kaspersky experts share practical advice on how to make passwords more complex and secure, and how not to repeat common mistakes.

Be creative with using symbols and numbers

Among the leaked passwords that contain just one symbol, the “@” sign tops the list, appearing in 10% of cases. The next most common symbol is a dot (.), found in 3% of passwords. Among all analysed passwords “@” takes second place in terms of prevalence, and in third place is “!”.

Numbers also follow similarly predictable patterns:

53% of examined passwords end with digits;

17% begin with digits;

Nearly 12% include a numeric sequence that resembles a date (from 1950 to 2030);

3% of leaked passwords include keyboard sequencies like “qwerty” or “ytrewq”, but most of them are digital sequencies like “1234”.

Alexey Antonov, Data Science Team Lead at Kaspersky, notes that commonly used symbols, numbers, or dates – especially when placed in obvious positions (such as at the beginning or end of a password) – significantly simplify brute force attacks for cybercriminals. That’s why it’s highly recommended to give preference to less popular characters, and avoid numeric or keyboard sequences.

“Bruteforce works by systematically trying every possible character combination until the correct password is found. When attackers already know which characters users tend to favour, the time required to crack a password drops dramatically. To avoid the temptation of choosing predictable symbols, entrust password creation to dedicated generators that produce random letters, numbers, and symbols with equal probability”, says Alexey Antonov.

Between… Eden and hell: Try to avoid using words in a password

The research shows that emotional and trending words frequently become the basis for a password. For example, from 2023 to 2026 the use of the word “Skibidi” in passwords increased 36 times – mirroring the rapid rise of that Internet trend.

Kaspersky experts have also conducted analysis of the occurrence of positive and negative words in passwords, and it turned out that there are more positive ones. Among those regularly appearing are positive words like “love”, “magic”, “friend”, “team”, “angel” and “star”, “eden”. Interestingly, positive words are much more common than negative ones. However, words like “hell”, “devil”, “nightmare” and “scar” also occur.

“Using a single‑word password, even with a trailing number or a special character, is a weak choice. The pattern is too predictable, making it easy for attackers to guess. Instead, craft a passphrase that strings together several unrelated words, each supplemented with internal numbers and symbols, and sprinkle in a few intentional misspellings.

The longer and more random and unpredictable the password is, the harder it is to crack. As an additional way to protect yourself, enable two-factor authentication (2FA) wherever possible,” recommends Alexey Antonov.

Is password length important?

It’s well known that longer passwords are harder to crack, and the analysis of leaked passwords confirms this principle. However, with the rise of AI driven tools, length alone no longer guarantees security: even lengthy passwords can be compromised if they follow predictable patterns.

The research shows that short passwords of up to eight characters that appeared in the leak are typically cracked by brute force attacks in under a day. However, thanks to AI-powered smart algorithms, more than 20% of 15-character passwords can be broken in less than a minute.

What’s more 60.2% of all analysed passwords – regardless of length – can be cracked in about an hour; 68.2% – in a day.

In the examples provided, the calculations assume a single RTX 5090 GPU and the MD5 algorithm. In real‑world scenarios, attackers can rent multiple GPUs – ten, a hundred, or even more. Under such conditions, the cracking rate would increase potentially by several orders of magnitude.

In modern terms, truly secure passwords not only meet the gold standard of 16+ characters, but also consist of random, non-repeating letters, numbers, and symbols, and are unique for each account. To help users create such passwords, Kaspersky has added a password generation feature to the Kaspersky Password Generator website. Now users can not only check their passwords for leaks, but also generate secure passwords for free.

For easy and secure password management, auto-fill, and cross-device synchronisation consider using a password manager in which all credentials are stored in a secure vault and protected by a single master password. This eliminates the need to remember hundreds of passwords while keeping them safe from breaches.

What’s more, not only passwords, but also passkeys can be created and stored directly in Kaspersky Password Manager, which allows not only to sign in to supported services with a single tap, but also to access passkeys on all devices owing to secure synchronisation.


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Cybervergent Expands to Three New Markets

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Cybervergent has launched version 3.0 of its artificial intelligence (AI)-native posture management platform and expanded operations into Kenya, Ghana, and SA.

The move, according to the company, introduces automated risk verification for enterprises and aims to position Africa as a force in digital governance technology.

It goes on to say the latest platform upgrade introduces continuous posture management, replacing traditional point-in-time governance, risk, and compliance reporting with real-time verification systems.

An AI engine independently verifies 99.9% of audit and monitoring findings before they appear on enterprise dashboards, according to Cybervergent.

It says risk management, compliance, audit, and data security operations are integrated into a unified system built for cloud and on-premise environments.

According to  Cybervergent, the platform maps more than 4 500 controls across frameworks, including the Nigeria Data Protection Act (NDPA), International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) 27001, and System and Organisation Controls (SOC) 2.

Cybervergent says the rollout of its first South African customer validates the platform’s readiness for highly regulated enterprise markets and strengthens its expansion strategy across Africa’s leading technology and financial hubs.

The company is also adopting a channel-first deployment model, working with local partners and system integrators in Lagos, Accra and Johannesburg to scale verified security infrastructure for enterprises navigating increasingly complex regulatory demands.

“We built verification into the architecture,” said Ayomide Daniels, co-founder and chief scientist at Cybervergent. “If a finding is not traceable back to source documentation, it does not reach the dashboard.”

Cybervergent rebranded from Infoprivacy in late 2023 to reflect its shift towards AI-automated cybersecurity.

The start-up previously focused on data privacy compliance in the West African market before pivoting to its current integrated posture management model.


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