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TJI Says Nigeria Squanders $2.6Bn on Corporate Tax Incentives

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Tax Justice Network (TJN), a nongovernmental organization has said that Nigeria squandered some $2.6 billion on corporate tax incentives in one year, making the country to suffer a downgrade to 34th position on the 2020 Financial Secrecy Index.

TJI Says Nigeria Squanders $2.6Bn on Corporate Tax Incentives

In the TJN latest Financial Secrecy Index report, Nigeria’s tax-to-GDP ratio sunk to 5.7 per cent, one of the lowest in the world, due largely “to poor regulatory compliance, weak institutions and a lack of transparency.”

Some studies, the report read, “indicate that corporate incentives are costly and inefficient. In a 2015 report, ActionAid found that Nigeria was losing up to 0.5 per cent of its GDP in corporate income tax incentives given to companies with pioneer status.

“Using the 2015 budget figure, the estimated losses were put at $2.6 billion per year.”

The Financial Secrecy Index, the report read, worsened when international oil companies engaged in oil exploration became the major drivers of foreign direct investment.

Quoting copiously from a report by ActionAid, the secrecy index report noted that Nigeria was “in 2014, advised that its proposed double taxation treaty with Mauritius would promote treaty shopping and tax evasion, yet the country has gone ahead and signed and ratified the treaty.

“Mauritius has also been signaled as one of the most aggressive tax treaty partners towards Africa.”

For treaties and agreements, the Tax Justice Network reported that in 2017, Nigeria signed the Common Reporting Standard Multilateral Competent Authority Agreement, which aims to facilitate the exchange of financial information among jurisdictions.

“With a view to implementing the OECD Guidance for Common Reporting Standard, the country’s Federal Inland Revenue Service released the Income Tax (Common Reporting Standard) Regulation in 2019.

“Under the regulation, reportable financial institutions are to carry out comprehensive due diligence on old and new accounts to identify ‘reportable accounts’ and to file information returnson an annual basis.

“Nigeria currently has double taxation agreements with 22 countries, including the UK, Netherlands, Canada, South Africa, China, Philippines, Pakistan, Romania, France, Belgium, Mauritius, South Korea, Sweden, Slovakia and Italy. Treaties with the United Arab Emirates, Kenya, Poland, South Korea, Singapore, Qatar, Spain, Cameroon and Ghana are not in force as they are yet to be ratified,” the report read.

Furthermore, the country currently has ratified double taxation agreements with 15 countries including Mauritius, which is popularly known as a corporate tax haven and a conduit for illicit financial flows from Africa,” the report added.

Rolling out the Nigeria’s secrecy profile, TJN said: “At independence in 1960, agriculture was the mainstay of Nigeria’s economy, accounting for up to 69 per cent of GDP. The oil boom in the 1970s ushered in a period where petroleum contributed up to 87 per cent of total exports.

“International oil companies engaged in oil exploration became the major drivers of foreign direct investment.

“The macro-economic policies put in place to attract such investment included import duty relief, accelerated depreciation and easy repatriation of profits.

“These incentives, coupled with additional tax avoidance practices, made illicit flows of funds to other secrecy jurisdictions easier.

In 2017, Nigeria scored 17 out of 100 on the Revenue Governance Index (RGI) and ranked 77th out of 89 countries in licensing transparency.

“However, in November 2019, the Nigerian government announced that it will unveil a Beneficial Ownership Register Portal for the oil and mining industry in January 2020 through the Nigerian Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative.

“In practice, littoral states demand personal income tax from the employers of offshore workers on some geographical basis. A possible problem with this is that an FPSO may spread across two or more states, with each state laying claim to taxing rights.”

This, it continued, uncertainty created an avenue for double taxation or under-assessment of tax.

Nigeria’s Financial System Strategy 2020 was launched by the Central Bank of Nigeria in 2006 to transform the financial sector. Part of its objective was to establish an international financial centre in Lekki, Lagos, to create a legal and financial framework linked to international jurisdictions.

“This remains to be implemented, however, and the government has focused on strengthening the integrity of the internal market and automation of payments in the banking sector,” the report read.

On investment incentives, the report states: “In 1992, the Nigerian Export Processing Zones

Authority was established by an enabling act. It gave the authority the power to manage export processing zones that can be established by an order of the president. Currently, there are 13 active free trade zones in Nigeria, with the Lekki Free Trade Zone being the most vibrant.

“The Nigerian Investment Promotion Council promotes investment activities and maintains a one-stop investment centre for registration and licensing of foreign direct investment. Incentives available to enterprises in the export processing zones include an exemption from federal, state or local taxes, levies and duties.

 


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E-Financial

AfDB Group Mobilises Global Private Capital to Close Africa’s Financing Gap

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Building on the successful conclusion of the 17th replenishment of the African Development Fund (ADF-17), which mobilised $11 billion for Africa’s most vulnerable countries, the African Development Bank Group and the Government of the United Kingdom convened global investors and private sector leaders in London to accelerate a new phase of private capital mobilisation for Africa’s development.

The inaugural Africa Private Capital Mobilisation Day, held on 17 December at Lancaster House, brought together more than 150 senior decision-makers from private equity firms, sovereign wealth funds, pension funds, insurers, philanthropies, and development finance institutions and export credit agencies—marking a decisive shift from dialogue to execution.

The high-level event was hosted by the African Development Bank Group in partnership with UK government institutions, the Foreign Commonwealth and Development Office, UK Export Finance and British International Investment, reflecting a shared ambition to scale private capital flows into African economies.

Speaking at the opening, African Development Bank Group President Dr Sidi Ould Tah described the event as a natural continuation of the ADF-17 replenishment process and a decisive step toward addressing Africa’s estimated $402 billion annual development financing gap.

“We will build on recent engagements with development finance institutions, export credit agencies, pension funds, sovereign wealth funds, insurers, and philanthropic partners to advance concrete initiatives under our vision for a New African Financial Architecture,” said Dr Ould Tah.

The Africa Private Capital Mobilisation Day aligns with President Ould Tah’s Four Cardinal Points vision, which focuses on unlocking Africa’s capital potential, strengthening financial sovereignty, transforming demographic growth into a dividend, and delivering resilient infrastructure and value chains.

UK Minister for Development, Jenny Chapman said, “We are delighted that President Ould Tah decided to hold the first Private Capital Mobilisation Day here in London, recognising the critical role of the City of London in mobilising investment for Africa. The UK’s shifting role—from donor to investor—will support countries who want to grow their economies and ultimately ultimately exit the need for aid.”

The programme featured focused discussions on reshaping perceptions of risk in Africa, designing innovative financial platforms, and mobilising capital in fragile and frontier markets.

New analysis on the Global Emerging Markets Risk Database delivered by the Center for Global Development presented new evidence showing that long-term lending to African borrowers has historically been significantly less risky than commonly perceived.

Sector-focused discussions underscored the strategic role of healthcare and aviation in strengthening Africa’s economic resilience, productivity and integration. Participants were introduced to two flagship initiatives championed by the Bank Group and its partners:

– The Africa Medicines and Equipment Facility, developed in partnership with the Gates Foundation, will provide African countries with predictable, timely, and affordable financing to secure essential medicines and medical equipment.

– The Integrated Aviation Transformation Programme for Africa—supported by a dedicated blended-finance facility—aims to modernise and expand Africa’s aviation ecosystem—from airports and airlines to enabling services critical to trade, tourism, and regional integration.

In parallel, President Ould Tah convened a closed-door roundtable with senior executives from approximately 30 leading institutional investors to explore the launch of an Africa-focused Private Sector Innovation Lab. The proposed platform would serve as a dedicated space to co-create new financing instruments, partnership models, and risk-sharing solutions tailored to African markets.

The outcomes of the Africa Private Capital Mobilisation Day are captured in the London Communiqué, setting out clear commitments by the African Development Bank Group and its partners to scale private capital mobilisation for Africa.

Further work will go into setting out priority actions and implementation pathways to scale private capital mobilisation for Africa, turning ambition into scalable capital and risk mitigation solutions.


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FIRS says NIN, CAC Numbers to Serve as Tax IDs from 2026

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The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) has announced that the National Identification Number (NIN) will automatically serve as the Tax Identification Number (TIN) for individual Nigerians beginning in 2026.

The clarification was issued on Monday through a public awareness campaign on the new tax laws shared by the Service on X.

According to the FIRS, registered businesses will also no longer need a separate Tax Identification Number, as their Corporate Affairs Commission (CAC) registration numbers will now function as their official tax identifiers under the revised tax framework.

The announcement follows public concerns over aspects of the new tax laws that require a Tax ID for certain transactions, including the operation and ownership of bank accounts.

Providing further explanation, the FIRS said the Nigeria Tax Administration Act (NTAA), scheduled to take effect in January 2026, mandates the use of a Tax ID for specified transactions. It, however, noted that the requirement is not entirely new, stressing that it has been in existence since the Finance Act of 2019 but has now been strengthened.

“The Tax ID unifies all Tax Identification Numbers previously issued by the FIRS and State Internal Revenue Services into a single identifier,” the Service said.

“For individuals, your NIN automatically serves as your Tax ID, while for registered companies, your CAC RC number is used. You do not need a physical card, as the Tax ID is a unique number linked directly to your identity.”

The FIRS explained that the new system is intended to simplify identification processes, eliminate duplication, close gaps that enable tax evasion, and promote fairness by ensuring that all individuals earning taxable income contribute accordingly.

The agency also urged Nigerians to ignore misinformation surrounding the reform, assuring the public that the new tax framework is designed to improve efficiency and transparency in tax administration.

Meanwhile, the Chairman of the Presidential Committee on Fiscal Policy and Tax Reforms, Taiwo Oyedele, disclosed that banks will be required to request a TIN from all taxable Nigerians as part of the federal government’s new tax administration framework, which will take effect on January 1, 2026.


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Fidelity Bank Bolsters Ikoyi Fire Station with Hoses, Pumps for Safer Communities

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Fidelity Bank Plc has reinforced its commitment to community safety and sustainable ecological practices through the donation of essential firefighting and preventive equipment including hoses and gasoline water pumps to the Ikoyi Fire Service Station in Lagos.

Fidelity Bank Bolsters Ikoyi Fire Station with Hoses, Pumps for Safer Communities

L-R: Lagos State Controller, Federal Fire Service, CF (Controller of Fire), Adebayo Funke; Tolulope Rojaiye, Marketing Business Partner, Fidelity Bank Plc; Assistant Superintendent of Fire, Ishola Folorunsho Olufemi; and Station Commander, Onikan Fire Station, Lagos, Okeke Ferdinand; during the donation of firefighting equipment to the Federal Fire Service at Ikoyi, Lagos, recently.

The donation was made under the Fidelity Helping Hands Program (FHHP) by the True Serve team, reaffirming the Bank’s commitment to the environment and community safety. Through the FHHP, members of staff identify areas of critical community needs, raise funds, and then receive matching monetary support from the bank to execute the projects.

Commenting on the reason behind the donation, Divisional Head, Brand and Communications Division, Fidelity Bank Plc, Dr Meksley Nwagboh, emphasized that the donation reflects the bank’s dedication to strengthening emergency response capabilities and promoting public safety within the communities it serves.

According to him, “Fidelity Bank remains committed to supporting initiatives that contribute to the protection of our environment, lives and property. We see community safety as a shared responsibility and continuously extend support to both corporate bodies and individuals.”

Dr Nwagboh further noted that, “We believe that preventive measures are far more effective than reactionary responses. This donation is part of our efforts to drive sustainable practices by providing the necessary tools. Our goal is to ensure that people live meaningful, safe, and empowered lives.”

In her comments, Lagos State Controller, Federal Fire Service and Controller of Fire (CF), Funke Adebayo commended Fidelity Bank for the timely support, while cautioning residents to exercise heightened vigilance during the festive period, especially with the dry weather conditions.

“We appreciate Fidelity Bank for this timely donation. We are in a harsh weather period where fire incidents can escalate quickly. Parents must educate and caution children against the use of fireworks during celebrations. Fire should never be treated carelessly,” Adebayo said.

She noted that the Fire Service has embarked on sensitization visits to various corporate organizations, warning against unsafe practices that could lead to preventable fire outbreaks.

On his part, Area Commander, Onikan Fire Station and Chief Superintendent of Fire (CSF)Oswere Michael expressed appreciation to Fidelity Bank for supporting their operations. He encouraged families, business owners, and community members to prioritize fire safety at all times.

“Everyone has a role to play in preventing fire incidents at home and in the workplace. This support from Fidelity Bank will go a long way in enhancing our capacity to protect the community,” CSF Oswere added.

Ranked among the best banks in Nigeria, Fidelity Bank Plc is a full-fledged Commercial Deposit Money Bank serving over 9.1 million customers through digital banking channels, its 255 business offices in Nigeria and United Kingdom subsidiary, FidBank UK Limited.

The Bank is a recipient of multiple local and international Awards, including the 2024 Excellence in Digital Transformation & MSME Banking Award by BusinessDay Banks and Financial Institutions (BAFI) Awards; the 2024 Most Innovative Mobile Banking Application award for its Fidelity Mobile App by Global Business Outlook, and the 2024 Most Innovative Investment Banking Service Provider award by Global Brands Magazine. Additionally, the Bank was recognized as the Best Bank for SMEs in Nigeria by the Euromoney Awards for Excellence and as the Export Financing Bank of the Year by the BusinessDay Banks and Financial Institutions (BAFI) Awards.


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