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Unlicensed Frequencies: Why Internet Crawl like Snail

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Prof. Dora Akunyili, minister, Information and Communications
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Most Internet service providers in Nigeria operate from unlicensed frequencies and that is one of the major reasons businesses and individuals have been hobbled by the near chaotic Internet services rendered, Nigeria CommunicationsWeek can now reveal.
The Internet, one of the all time inventions has become an integral part of many businesses and individuals in the country.
With just a click, they are part of a global community of businesses, research, education and friendships
But now, at every turn in Nigeria, there are tales of frustration over the substandard Internet services being provided. Some businesses and contacts have been lost due to the recurrent services interference and disruptions.
In all the cases, the advertised speeds by the ISPs are often the maximum potential that a particular connection can reach, not what the consumer get daily.
Nigeria CommunicationsWeek gathered that individuals and businesses pay as much as N10, 000 per month for these notoriously unreliable services provided. The monthly tariff is also one of the highest in the world.
Findings showed that the poor service provided is as a result of some operators’ preference for the so-called unlicensed frequencies.
The unlicensed frequencies are prone to service challenges but some operators prefer them because of the technological advantage and near absence of regulation.
Even with licensed frequencies, service qualities can not be guaranteed, no thanks to the inability of the industry regulator to carry proper audit of the frequencies.
Nigeria CommunicationsWeek gathered that unlicensed means a spectrum band that has rules pre-defined for both the hardware and deployment methods of the radio in such a manner that interference is mitigated by the technical rules defined for the bands rather than it being restricted for use by only one entity through a spectrum licensing approach. 
In essence, any provider that does not infringe upon the rules for the equipment (which in practical terms is all pre-certified by the manufacturer) or its use can put up a license free network at any time for either private or public purposes including commercial high speed internet service.
Some of the common unlicensed frequencies are at 900 MHz, 2.4 GHz, 5.2/5.3/5.8 GHz, 24 GHz and above 60 GHz. Others are at 3.65 GHz as well as 4.9 GHz usually allocated for public safety use and the 2.4 GHz.
Nigeria CommunicationsWeek gathered that the internet service have also remained below world’s standard in Nigeria as a result of the poor education on the workings of the internet.
For instance, if too many people are trying to access the same site at the same time, it could cause congestion and slow down the entire site. It is just like too many people turning on their water taps from the public water supply.
Also, the presence of a virus on the hard drive can slow down internet connection. Computer viruses can be transmitted in a variety of ways, most commonly through an attachment to an email.
The computer virus will integrate into key programmes on the hard drive and silently use up a great deal of resources.  By diverting some of the resources to running the virus, an Internet service slow down is inevitable.
Apart from clandestine programmes and viruses infecting the hard drive, there are cases where the routers and servers used to provide the service may be overloaded or experience a technical issue that temporarily slows down the speeds provided by the Internet Service Provider.
Nigeria CommunicationsWeek however gathered that hopes of improved access has been bolstered by the impending completion of Glo 1 and Main One-two historic underwater fibre cables that will revolutionize internet in Nigeria and indeed West Africa.
Before the cable systems arrive, users can still enjoy reasonable internet speed by upgrading their browser settings to the latest version.
There are browsers like Mozilla Firefox or Opera which provide faster downloads.
Users can also contact their ISPs for clarifications and explore the possibility of improving the speed by boosting the connection while making sure that all viruses are cleaned from the computer.

 

 


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Nigeria CommunicationsWeek believes that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. So since 2007, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and how they affect lives.

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Francis Okafor Stuns China, Emerges Second-Place Winner @ Tencent OpenClaw Hackathon

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In a striking moment of global recognition for African talent in artificial intelligence, Shenzhen-based Nigerian technologist, Francis Okafor has emerged as the second-place winner at the 2026 Tencent OpenClaw Hackathon, a fiercely contested competition hosted by Chinese tech giant Tencent.

The achievement places the Nigerian engineer among the top innovators in one of the world’s most competitive technology hubs, Shenzhen, often described as China’s Silicon Valley.

Okafor’s journey to the podium was anything but scripted. Walking into Tencent’s facility on the day of the contest, he found a room already buzzing with elite programmers deep in preparation.

“Laptops open. Heads down. Some people setting up their system before the challenges even dropped,” he recalled, contrasting the scene with his own uncertainty at that moment. “And then there is me — a Nigerian looking around like, okay Francis, what exactly are you doing here?”

Rather than confidence, his first reaction was raw nerves. “I won’t lie, I had goose bumps. Not the inspirational kind,” he admitted, describing a quiet internal debate about whether he had wandered into territory far beyond his league. Yet that hesitation quickly gave way to experimentation, a hallmark of the hackathon spirit.

Earlier that same week, Tencent had rolled out OpenClaw integration into WeChat (known domestically as Weixin), exposing its massive user base to AI agent capabilities.

Okafor, a senior technology lead, artificial intelligence advocate, and global community organiser, had already been stress-testing the system and decided, on the spot, to build his entry around it. “I had been pushing it hard all week just to see what it could do… so when the challenges dropped I thought, you know what, let me use this thing as my weapon.”

That decision proved decisive. Competing against some of the most accomplished engineers in China’s hyper-competitive tech ecosystem, Okafor’s solution stood out for both ingenuity and execution. “It went far enough apparently,” he said with understated pride after securing second place.

Remarkably, he had entered without a grand plan. “I didn’t go in with a strategy. I went in for the thrill of it… Honestly I thought I would learn a few things and go home with a good story.” Instead, he left with a trophy, and a narrative that has resonated far beyond the competition hall.

Beyond personal triumph, Okafor emphasized the broader technological significance of the moment. Tencent released the WeChat OpenClaw plugin on the very morning of the event, effectively putting advanced AI agent tools into the hands of an estimated 1.4 billion users.

In his view, this signals a profound shift in how artificial intelligence will reach the public. The company, he observed, is “not just making AI accessible to developers… they are bridging it to everyone,” while using hackathons to identify innovators capable of pushing the technology forward, regardless of origin.

Okafor was acutely aware of his uniqueness in the room. “I was definitely the only African there and for sure stood out,” he noted. Yet what mattered was not nationality but capability. “Nobody cared about where I was from. They cared about what I built.”

His message to aspiring technologists, particularly those from underrepresented regions, is both simple and powerful: show up. “Enter things you think you have no business entering,” he urged. “The worst case is you learn something. The best case is you shock yourself.”

In an industry often defined by geography, capital, and institutional advantage, Okafor’s victory offers a compelling counter-narrative. Talent, preparation, and courage can still disrupt expectations, even in rooms that seem designed for someone else.

As he concluded in a line that has since captured widespread attention: Black excellence, he said, “doesn’t need a geography.”


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CBN Pledges Deeper Synergy with EFCC in Enugu Operations

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Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) has urged the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to deepen collaboration and provide faster operational support in Enugu State.

EFCC Seeks Stronger Ties with CBN in Enugu for Anti-Graft War

Zonal Director of the EFCC Enugu Zonal Directorate, Commander Daniel Isei, made the call during a courtesy visit to the CBN Branch Controller in Enugu, Mr Otutubuike Justice Agbaeze, on Tuesday.

The engagement forms part of ongoing efforts to boost inter-agency ties, enhance financial sector accountability, and fortify anti-money laundering initiatives nationwide.

Isei described the CBN as “our most critical partner in the fight against economic and financial crimes,” highlighting years of joint operations and the bank’s role in securing recovered assets.

“The CBN naturally stands out as one of our most critical partners… it serves as a secure repository for valuables recovered by the EFCC and it has greatly enhanced our operations,” he stated.

While commending past cooperation, Isei appealed for quicker responses to the EFCC’s frequent investigative requests from its Enugu office.

“We understand that these requests may be demanding, but timely responses are crucial, as time is of the essence in financial investigations. We therefore seek your continued indulgence in ensuring that our letters receive expeditious attention,” he added.

In response, Agbaeze reaffirmed CBN’s dedication to the partnership, pledging expert support and improved synergy “in the interest of financial system stability and national development.”


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Firm Shares Tips for Updating Your Digital Habits for an AI-driven World

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As smart devices with artificial intelligence (AI) tools, and always-on services become part of everyday life, the cybersecurity habits many people formed a few years ago may no longer be enough.

From AI-powered scams to social media trends that encourage users to upload personal details, the way people interact online is changing quickly. Ensuring that you stay secure now requires small, deliberate actions in your daily digital behaviour. Experts from Kaspersky, a global cybersecurity and digital privacy company, share the below advice to stay safe online.

  1. Be cautious with verification requests. Many scams now mimic legitimate verification processes, asking users to confirm accounts, update payment details, or approve login attempts. Because people are used to frequent security prompts, it is easy to respond automatically. Pause before sharing verification codes or personal information and independently verify requests through official websites or by contacting service providers directly.
  2. Cultivate healthy AI usage habits. AI agents, chatbots and multimedia-generating apps can be convenient and entertaining, but uploading high-resolution photos or personal information carries privacy implications. Facial images can function as biometric identifiers, and once shared with an online service, be it AI or a social network, control over how that data is stored or reused may be limited. Before using AI tools, review privacy policies, minimise the personal information they provide, and avoid uploading sensitive documents or confidential content.
  3. Do your homework on AI. For parents, the rise of AI assistants introduces another dimension. While AI tools can help in making education interactive and gamified, children may turn to AI tools for homework support or entertainment without fully understanding how their data is used or how to evaluate responses critically.

Open conversations about responsible AI use, privacy awareness, and the importance of not oversharing personal information can help children build safe digital habits from an early age.

  1. Audit your online subscriptions. Reducing digital exposure is another simple but often overlooked step. Over time, unused subscriptions, dormant accounts, and forgotten apps accumulate personal data and payment details. Regularly reviewing subscriptions, deleting unused accounts, and checking which apps have access to personal information can significantly reduce risks of this data being leaked.
  1. Secure your devices and home. Device longevity and smart home security also play an important role. Older devices that no longer receive security updates may contain unpatched vulnerabilities.

Ensure that smartphones, laptops, routers, and smart home devices are running the latest firmware and are protected with strong passwords and multi-factor authentication. Changing default passwords on connected devices and securing home Wi-Fi networks are essential steps in protecting both personal data and physical spaces.

As technology and AI becomes more integrated into daily life, security is less about dramatic measures and more about consistent, informed habits.

“Technology evolves quickly, and our online behaviour should keep pace,” says Brandon Muller, Technical Expert for the Middle East and Africa region at Kaspersky. “Take time to review privacy settings, app permissions, and connected third-party services, removing anything that is no longer needed. By being more deliberate about what we share, how we verify requests, and how we manage our devices, we can significantly reduce exposure to modern cyber risks while enjoying all the benefits of new technologies.”


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