E-Financial
Banks, New Naira Notes and ‘Owambe’ Parties

The habit has been with Nigerians for decades. It is not about to change soon. However, in 2007, financialtechnology magazine in its maiden edition published a two-page story on the illegal activities of some bank executives who profit from selling new naira notes to bank customers.
Titled ‘Owambe ATM: Naira hawkers besiege ATMs for crispy naira notes”, the story chronicled how some naira hawkers relied on the automated teller machines [ATMs] for their ration of new naira notes.
Since the ATM did not satisfy their desire, the hawkers shifted their search to the banking halls.
“The currency hawkers would visit the banks with bagful of dirty naira notes in exchange for new ones. The bank officials operating unofficially would collect an agreed service charge from the hawkers”.
The story explained that these bank officials usually charge about N200 on N1000.
Meanwhile, on its front page with the headline, “Banks in brisk business with new naira notes, reject old bills,” the Guardian newspaper of April 14, 2016 exposed the activities of some of these dubious bank executives. The story reads, inter alia:
“By management directive or individual discretion, banks in the country have gradually become an outlet for new notes to currency hawkers, who in turn make brisk business.
The sale of the clean bills for older ones currently goes for as high as 20 per cent of the value being exchanged, that is, N1000 old notes go for N800 new ones”.
However, the CBN Act 2007, Section 21, sub-section 3 and 4, said forbids such. “For the avoidance of doubt, spraying of, dancing or marching on the Naira or any note issued by the Bank (CBN) during social occasions or otherwise howsoever, shall constitute an abuse and defacing of the Naira or such note and shall be punishable under Sub-section (1) of this section”.
About a decade after financialtechnology’s story, the law enforcement agents have not apprehended or punished any Nigerian for “spraying, dancing, or marching on the naira or any note issued by the Central Bank of Nigeria [CBN] during social occasions”. The reason is obvious.
At a typical owambe party where serving politicians, monarchs, business moguls and media magnate are present with uniform traditional attire. The party is in full swing. Food and choice wines are part of the menu. The celebrant is a cousin to one of the past leaders of this country. On the bandstand is a prominent praise singer and his back up boys.
The celebrant and his wife step out to dance. The chairman of the occasion, a senior monarch from the south west, dips a hand into his flowing robe and brings out a wad of new naira notes, and goes ahead to plastered the couple and the musician with the notes.
Other notable personalities join in the show-off game. In addition, new naira notes running into several thousands are flying in the air. The couple, friends, and families would dance around and march the notes. Some of the women armed with polythene bags stoop low and fill the bags with the notes.
That is our way of showing off, and it is not about to change soon. This penchant to show-off at parties like this has been with us for decades.
However, the habit has given birth to the need to search for new naira notes at all cost. The bankers and personalities painted above are in the business together. Who would arrest the monarch and his friends for spraying new naira notes at different owambe parties?
Well, there is an answer in the question. However, there is no other way the new naira notes get to the currency hawkers except through the banks.
The CBN does not deal with individuals. The arrangement from the banks could be “management decision or individual interest”. That explains how and why Nigerians get new naira notes in commercial quantity to hawk in the street and to spray at owambe parties, even a decade after financialtechnology first published this story.
E-Financial
CBN Introduces Stricter BVN Rules to Curb Fraudulent Transactions

Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has introduced stricter rules guiding the use and management of the Bank Verification Number (BVN) as part of efforts to reduce fraudulent transactions within the financial system.The revised framework, which takes effect from May 1, includes tighter controls on BVN enrolment, data access and customer information updates.

The apex bank said the measures are aimed at strengthening identity management, improving fraud monitoring and safeguarding the integrity of banking transactions.
Under the new guidelines, BVN enrolment is now restricted to individuals aged 18 and above, while customers will only be allowed to change the phone number linked to their BVN once.
The restriction is designed to curb identity manipulation often exploited by fraudsters through repeated updates of personal information.
The CBN also directed financial institutions to maintain a temporary watchlist for BVNs linked to suspicious transactions.
Affected BVNs may be flagged for up to 24 hours, during which customers are expected to verify or clarify flagged transactions before further action is taken.
In addition, access to BVN data has been tightened, with the apex bank retaining exclusive control over the database while granting access only to licensed financial institutions under defined conditions.
The move, according to the CBN, is expected to enhance data security and support a more resilient financial system as BVN enrolment continues to grow.
E-Financial
Binance is Missing from Ghana’s Crypto Sandbox

Ghana’s Securities and Exchange Commission has given the nod to 11 crypto trading platforms to participate in its new regulatory sandbox programme, its first major step in support of crypto after passing a law to provide the local market with regulatory clarity in December.

The big news however is that Binance, the world’s largest crypto exchange by trading volume is nowhere on the list, raising questions about the crypto exchange’s future in one of West Africa’s fastest-growing digital asset markets.
Newsghana reported that industry analysts covering the sandbox launch specifically flagged Binance as a notable absent player, alongside Yellow Card, whose mobile payment product Yellow Pay had previously been warned against by the Bank of Ghana (BoG) for operating without authorisation. Neither company has publicly explained its absence from the cohort.
For Binance, the omission carries particular weight. The exchange has cultivated a visible presence in Ghana for several years, including direct engagement with regulators, public financial literacy campaigns, and the presence of senior representatives in Accra.
Despite that groundwork, it did not secure a place in the inaugural sandbox when the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) published its list of approved Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs) on March 10, 2026.
Analysts have pointed to Binance’s ongoing legal battle in neighbouring Nigeria as a factor likely complicating its regulatory position across the region.
And the Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS) is pursuing Binance for an $81.5 billion claim covering alleged economic losses and unpaid taxes, arguing the exchange has a significant economic presence that makes it liable for corporate income tax for 2022 and 2023, along with a 10 percent annual penalty on outstanding amounts.
The stakes of remaining outside Ghana’s regulatory framework are rising fast.
The BoG made clear on March 5, 2026, that all VASPs operating within Ghana’s jurisdiction including those serving Ghanaian residents through digital platforms with no physical office in the country must register with the Bank.
Firms that do not comply face sanctions and potential disqualification from future licensing.
Ghana’s digital asset market has grown rapidly, recording over $10 billion in cryptocurrency transactions by November 2025, up from roughly $6 billion the year before, making it one of West Africa’s most active markets.
With over three million users estimated to be active in the ecosystem, the country represents a market Binance cannot easily afford to be shut out of through regulatory non-compliance.
The eleven sandbox participants will effectively serve as the reference models for what a compliant licensed VASP looks like under Ghana’s framework.
Those that perform well within the first six months may transition to full licensing early, while those that fall short risk being shut out of the regulated market once the sandbox period concludes.
Binance did not respond to a request for comment before publication. The SEC Ghana and BoG have not publicly commented on why specific companies were excluded from the first sandbox cohort.
E-Financial
World Bank Debars 3 PwC Subsidiaries for 21 Months over Alleged Project Fraud

World Bank Group has debarred three African subsidiaries of global advisory firm, PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), for 21 months after being allegedly found guilty of manipulating procurement processes for a major cross-border electricity project.

In a statement, the Washington-based multilateral lender said PricewaterhouseCoopers Associates Africa Ltd, based in Mauritius, along with its Kenyan and Rwandan affiliates, engaged in “collusive and fraudulent practices” linked to the Eastern Electricity Highway Project, a flagship initiative to transmit hydropower from Ethiopia to Kenya.
The decision sidelines PwC from lucrative World Bank-funded projects on the continent, dealing a blow to one of the region’s most influential audit and advisory firms.
This development could reshape competition for high-value consulting work across emerging markets, potentially disrupting startups and tech firms reliant on World Bank funding, as scrutiny over governance and compliance tightens.
The World Bank, through its private sector arm, International Finance Corporation (IFC), offers grants and low-interest loans to startups across emerging markets.
Earlier this week, the IFC committed $20 million to invest in high-growth startups in Kenya, Nigeria, and South Africa.
“The debarment makes PwC Associates, PwC Kenya, PwC Rwanda, and any affiliates they control ineligible to participate in Bank Group-financed projects and operations,” the World Bank said.
“It is part of a settlement agreement under which the three companies admit culpability for sanctionable practices.”
The determination was based on the company’s conduct between 2019 and the award of contracts for consultancy services and asset valuation work for the Ethiopian state power utilities.
According to the World Bank statement, the firm obtained confidential procurement documents to improperly influence the award of a contract for the implementation of International Financial Reporting Standards at the Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation.
They also attempted to steer a separate contract for a fixed asset inventory and revaluation for the power utility towards PwC Associates.
During the bidding and execution of that contract, the bank found that the company misrepresented the availability and qualifications of key experts and failed to disclose the full list of subconsultants involved.
According to the World Bank, the debarment is shorter than would otherwise apply because PwC admitted misconduct.
The advisory firm also agreed to a series of remedial measures, including internal investigations, disciplinary action against responsible staff, terminating relationships with all subconsultants involved, and additional staff training.
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