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eWaste Dumping in Nigeria, Others Amounts to Environmental Racism

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Ifesinachi Okafor-Yarwood, lecturer, University of St Andrews, has said that the dumping of toxic waste and electronic waste (e-waste),in Nigeria and other West African countries amounts to environmental racism.

eWaste Dumping in Nigeria, Others Amounts to Environmental Racism

Okafor-Yarwood in analysis which appeared on The Conversation Africa, said that environmental racismis a term that’s used to describe a form of systemic racism – manifested through policies or practices – whereby communities of colour are disproportionately burdened with health hazards through policies and practices that force them to live in proximity to sources of toxic waste.

The read the rest of his analysis 

Toxic waste and electronic waste (e-waste) is generated from a wide range of industries – such as health, hydrocarbon or manufacturing – and can come in many forms, such as sludges or gas.

E-waste is used electronic items that are nearing the end of their useful life, and are discarded or given to be recycled.

If these types of waste aren’t properly discarded they can cause serious harm to human health and the environment.

This makes the proper disposal of toxic and e-waste expensive. Because of this a market has been created and some companies and independent waste brokers circumvent laws.

They disguise toxic waste as unharmful and e-waste as reusable electronics. It is then exported to countries in West and Central Africa where it is often disposed of unethically at dump-sites.

In our recent paper, we show how Western companies and businesses (primarily those in Europe and the US) target countries in the Gulf of Guinea – we covered Nigeria, Ghana, and Côte d’Ivoire – as a dump for their toxic waste.

This, despite the knowledge of the physiological and environmental effects of this waste.

These African countries do not have the facilities to enable the safe disposal of hazardous and toxic waste.

And the true contents of the waste are almost always unknown to them.

Exporters label unsalvageable electronic goods as reusable. This allows them to circumvent international laws which prohibit the transboundary transport of this waste.

Drawing on examples from Côte d’Ivoire, Nigeria and Ghana, our paper argues that toxic waste dumping in the Gulf of Guinea amounts to environmental racism. This is a term that’s used to describe a form of systemic racism – manifested through policies or practices – whereby communities of colour are disproportionately burdened with health hazards through policies and practices that force them to live in proximity to sources of toxic waste.

Other victims of environmental racism are Native Americans. In 2002 the US Commission for Racial Justice found that about half of this population lives in communities with uncontrolled hazardous waste sites.

The dumping of toxic waste into Africa, while deliberately concealing its true content, shows that companies know it is ethically wrong. To protect communities within these countries, governments must implement the provisions of the Basel and Bamako Conventions. These conventions classify the transboundary movement of hazardous waste without the consent of the receiving state as illegal.

We also argue that the dumping of hazardous waste must be recognised by the United Nations and its member states as a violation of human rights.

What we found

We focused on three recent case studies of toxic waste dumping in Cote d’Ivoire, and e-waste dumping in Nigeria and Ghana to illustrate how specific acts of environmental racism happen.

Nigeria and Ghana

We looked at waste dumping in Nigeria and Ghana because they are both identified by the United Nations Environmental Programme as among the world’s top destinations for e-waste. This includes discarded computers, television sets, mobile phones and microwave ovens.

In Nigeria, each month an estimated 500 container loads, each carrying about 500 000 pieces of used electronic devices (many of which can’t be used again), enter Nigeria’s port from Europe, the US and Asia. Similarly in Ghana, hundreds of thousands of tons of used electronics, mainly from Europe and the United States, are delivered in huge containers.

Because the electronics aren’t properly recycled, this waste has caused huge amounts of pollution to enter the environment. Communities in both countries are also exposed to toxic chemicals such as mercury and lead. Burning e-waste can increase the risk of respiratory and skin diseases, eye infections and cancer for those that work on and live close by.

This is in stark contrast to what happens in the origin countries of the waste. For example, in the United Kingdom electronic waste is required to be appropriately recycled and is barred from incineration and landfills.

Misguidedly, the importation of e-waste to countries like Nigeria and Ghana continues because it generates much-needed revenue. For instance, Ghana is set to generate up to US$100 million each year from levies collected from importers of e-wastes.

The informal sector is also a source of employment for many poor and vulnerable people.

In Nigeria for example, up to 100,000 people work in the informal e-waste sector, processing half a million tonnes of discarded appliances each year.

Côte d’Ivoire

Côte d’Ivoire serves as a good example to show the secrecy that is inherent in the toxic waste industry and the human and environmental cost of toxic waste dumping.

In 2006 Trafigura, a Netherlands-based multinational oil trading company, didn’t want to pay the EUR500,000 (about US$620,000) to treat and dispose of its toxic waste in the Netherlands. And so it approached an Ivorian contractor to dispose of over 500,000 litres of toxic waste. They paid the Ivorian subcontractor in Abidjan EUR18,500 (about US$22,000). The waste was disposed of at over 12 different locations around Abidjan. They claimed the material was non-toxic, hence no need for treatment.

The environmental racism is reflected in the fact that Trafigura knew that the waste was toxic and lied to discharge it in Côte d’Ivoire. Its decision is one of convenience and it is racist because it shows a disregard for African lives.

In the aftermath of the incident, over 100,000 people became sick and 15 people died. According to a 2018 assessment some of the sites are still contaminated.

The Ivorian government entered into a settlement agreement with the Trafigura Group, receiving CFA95 billion (approximately US$200 million). This was intended to compensate the state and the victims and to pay for clean-up of the waste. However, some victims haven’t received compensation. Subsequent bids by victims for compensation have been rejected by a court in Amsterdam.

Moving forward

We recommend that countries in the region implement the provisions of the Basel and Bamako conventions in their entirety. Doing this would ensure that the countries of origin would be active players, monitoring the brokers on their end and ensuring waste is stopped before it’s exported.

Currently, Nigeria and Ghana haven’t ratified the Bamako Convention; they must do so. Recipient countries must take the necessary steps to ensure that they’re not used as a dumping ground.

There’s also a need for an international tribunal on toxic waste dumping and related crimes – just like the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia – to pass appropriate retributive justice. And though the Basel convention stipulates that the state can develop laws regarding liability and compensation for the victims, this has not yet resulted in fair compensation for victims.

Finally, it is imperative that Gulf of Guinea countries equip their seaports with technology and trained personnel that can detect hazardous waste.

 

 


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Telecom Operators Invest Over $1Bn on 2,850 New Sites in 2025 – NCC

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Telecom operators in Nigeria invested more than $1 billion in 2025 to deploy over 2,850 new sites, boosting nationwide coverage and capacity, according to data from the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC).

Telecom Operators Invest Over $1bn on 2,850 New Sites in 2025 – NCC

NCC

The investment details emerged in the just-released 2025 Network Performance Reports, announced by Dr. Aminu Maida, executive vice chairman (EVC), NCC.

Speaking at an engagement on the reports, Dr. Maida emphasised the regulator’s focus on transparent, data-driven oversight.

“Through our collaboration with Ookla, we are providing independent insights into real-world network performance and the lived experience of Nigerians across cities, rural communities, highways, and emerging 5G zones,” he said.

The Q4 2025 reports highlight steady gains in network quality, including improved median download speeds in urban and rural areas compared to Q3.

The video Quality of Experience gap between urban and rural zones has also narrowed, bolstered by a stronger 4G backbone.

Dr. Maida noted ongoing challenges, such as 5G service gaps and upload speed disparities. “We are actively engaging with operators to address these issues, including gaps in mobile service coverage,” he added.

Operators have committed to surpassing their 2025 investment levels in 2026, with infrastructure rollout set to intensify.

“We look forward to continued collaboration with industry stakeholders as we translate these insights into better connectivity, improved service quality, and a more inclusive digital future for all Nigerians,” the EVC concluded.


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Konga Launches “Black Valentine” to Redefine Valentine’s Celebrations

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The Valentine’s season has long been painted in hues of romantic partnership, underscored by campaigns targeting couples. This year, Konga, Nigeria’s leading composite e-commerce giant, is broadening the palette with the bold and insightful launch of its Valentine campaign, “Black Valentine: Special Love Series”. It is a strategic and empathetic shift designed to redefine how Nigerians celebrate the season of love.

Konga Launches “Black Valentine” to Redefine Valentine’s Celebrations

Konga

The campaign, which runs from February 1 to 16, 2026, delivers deep discounts of up to 60 per cent and same day delivery across high-demand categories including Home and Kitchen, Computing, Electronics, Beauty and Personal Care, enabling customers to shop affordably for personal upgrades, thoughtful gifts, and everyday essentials.

Traditionally, February’s marketing focus leans heavily on coupledom. However, demographic realities and evolving social trends present a compelling case for a more inclusive approach. Recent analyses and lifestyle surveys indicate that a substantial portion of Nigeria’s young, urban, and economically active population is single.

This group is not defined by a lack, but by independence, self-investment, and discretionary spending power. They are tech-savvy, and increasingly prioritising wellness, personal grooming, and the curation of their living spaces. Konga’s Black Valentine campaign is a direct response to this consumer insight, reframing the season as a period for self-appreciation and and create a more inclusive shopping experience that resonates with both singles and those in relationships.

“The narrative around Valentine’s Day needs expansion,” says Irfan Vayani, Senior Vice President at Konga. “Love is multifaceted, and the most foundational relationship one can nurture is the one with oneself. ‘Black Valentine’ is our way of honouring every individual’s journey. It’s a campaign built on the principle that whether you’re single, coupled, or simply focused on your own growth, you deserve to celebrate your worth. We are creating a platform for people to invest in their happiness, comfort, and aspirations on their own terms.”

Beyond price incentives, the Black Valentine campaign is supported by a comprehensive omnichannel marketing drive, spanning digital advertising, social media engagement, influencer collaborations, and on-platform promotions. This integrated approach ensures extensive reach, sustained visibility, and strong conversion across Konga’s expansive customer base, which spans millions of shoppers nationwide.

The campaign also reflects broader shifts in consumer behaviour, where shopping is increasingly tied to emotional fulfilment, lifestyle expression, and convenience. In a market where digital adoption continues to rise, Konga remains at the forefront, leveraging technology, logistics infrastructure, and customer insights to deliver seamless shopping experiences at scale.

By championing self-love alongside romantic gifting, Konga is positioning Black Valentine not just as a seasonal promotion, but as a lifestyle statement, one that encourages individuals to prioritise wellbeing, confidence, and intentional living. This approach aligns strongly with global retail trends, where self-care, personal development, and emotional wellness are becoming central drivers of consumer purchasing decisions.

As Nigeria’s leading composite e-commerce ecosystem, Konga continues to set the pace in innovation, customer-centric retail, and market leadership. The Black Valentine: Special Love Series reinforces this positioning, combining compelling discounts, inclusive messaging, and a robust digital platform to deliver a campaign that resonates emotionally while driving measurable commercial outcomes.

Customers can access the Black Valentine deals exclusively on Konga.com and across the Konga mobile app, with offers available for a limited time. With significant savings, wide product selection, and seamless delivery, the campaign presents an unmissable opportunity for Nigerians to celebrate themselves this Valentine season.

 


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Airtel Africa Records $586m Rise in Profit on FX Gains, Tariff Hike

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Airtel Africa’s profit after tax grew to $586 million in the nine months ended December 31, 2025, up from $248 million in the corresponding period of 2024.

According to the company’s nine-month financial results released on Friday, the higher profit after tax in the current period was driven by higher operating profit and derivative and foreign exchange gains of $99 million, as compared to $153 million in derivative and foreign exchange losses in the prior period.

It disclosed that the group’s revenues in reported currency increased by 28.3 percent to $4,667 million, with constant currency growth of 24.6 percent. Reported currency revenue growth at a premium to constant currency growth reflects currency appreciation in key markets. In Q3’26, constant currency revenue growth improved to 24.7 percent from 24.2 percent in the previous quarter (Q2’26).

“Constant currency revenue growth was supported by tariff adjustments driving a 50.6 percent growth in Nigeria and a strong performance in Francophone Africa, which saw revenues accelerate to 17.0 percent in the nine months.”

In Nigeria, revenue grew by 50.4 percent in constant currency, largely driven by continued strength in the demand for data services, further supported by the tariff adjustments. The constant currency revenue growth was driven by ARPU growth of 39.6 percent and customer base growth of 7.8 percent.

“In reported currency, revenue grew by 52.1 percent to $1,123 million, with Q3’26 revenue growth accelerating to 70.9 percent compared to constant currency growth of 52.9 percent.

“Significantly higher reported currency growth during the quarter compared to constant currency growth was due to the appreciation in Nigerian naira from a weighted average NGN/USD rate of 1,627 in Q3’25 to NGN/USD 1,456 in the current quarter,” it disclosed.

Insights from Airtel’s financials revealed that voice revenue in Nigeria grew by 35.8 percent in constant currency, driven by voice ARPU growth of 26.0 percent, reflecting the tariff adjustments earlier in the year.

Data revenue also grew by 65.4 percent in constant currency as a function of both data customer and data ARPU growth of 8.0 percent and 49.7 percent, respectively. Data usage per customer increased by 26.2 percent to 10.7 GB per month (from 8.4 GB in the prior period), with smartphone penetration increasing 4.6 percent to reach 54.1 percent. Smartphone data usage per customer reached 13.4 GB per month compared to 11.2 GB per month in the prior period.

Sunil Taldar, chief executive officer, said these results highlight the strength of our strategy, with strong operating and financial trends across the business.

He added that “During the quarter, we accelerated investment to enhance coverage and data capacity while also expanding our fibre network. Coupling this investment with innovative partnerships strengthens our customer proposition and positions us to capture the considerable growth opportunity across our markets.

Digitisation, technology innovation, and embedding AI in our processes will also optimise the customer experience with increased digital offerings and closer integration of GSM and Airtel Money services, allowing us to unlock the strong demand across our markets.

Smartphone adoption continues to increase with a penetration of 48.1 percent, and we are seeing solid progress in the development of our home broadband business, reflecting the need for reliable, high-speed connectivity across our markets.

“Our push to enhance financial inclusion across the continent continues to gain momentum with our Mobile Money customer base expanding to 52 million, surpassing the 50 million milestone.

Annualised total processed value of over $210 billion in Q3’26 underscores the depth of our merchants, agents, and partner ecosystem and remains a key player in driving improved access to financial services across Africa. We remain on track for the listing of Airtel Money in the first half of 2026.

“Disciplined execution on cost efficiency, alongside accelerating revenue growth, has enabled another sequential improvement in our quarterly EBITDA margin to 49.6 percent, underpinning constant currency EBITDA growth of 31 percent, and we remain focused on driving further incremental margin improvements.

“Our strategic priorities remain clear: to continue investing in best-in-class connectivity, accelerate financial inclusion through our mobile money platform, and deliver an exceptional customer experience. These results reinforce our confidence in the long-term potential of our markets and our ability to create value for all our stakeholders,” he added.


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