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FG Says Tax ID, NIN Mandatory for Financial Transactions from January 2026

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Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025 specifies that beginning from January 2026, Nigerians will be required to provide their full details — including National Identification Number (NIN), Tax Identification Number (Tax ID), phone number, and address, among others — to access services from Virtual Assets Service Providers (VASPs) for crypto and other virtual asset trades.

FG Says Tax ID, NIN Mandatory for Financial Transactions from January 2026

The Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025, and the Nigeria Tax Act, 2025, is designed to plug loopholes in the financial system and tighten regulatory oversight across both the formal and digital economy.

The country’s tax reforms also make it mandatory for anyone earning an income to have a Tax ID to access services from any financial institution, insurance company, or stockbroking firm.

VASPs are firms or individuals licensed to offer services such as the exchange, transfer, custody, or management of digital assets—including cryptocurrencies, tokens, and digital collectables—on behalf of their clients.

This comes as President Bola Ahmed Tinubu directed financial and capital market regulators to strengthen oversight on using stablecoins and digital currencies in Nigeria. The Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025, one of four acts gazetted following reforms in the country’s tax laws, is part of efforts to expand the nation’s tax net and deepen revenue collection.

Consequently, it is now compulsory for Nigerians to provide both their National Identification Number (NIN) and Tax Identification Number (Tax ID) for all crypto-related dealings and traditional banking transactions.

Defaulting VASPs will face a N10 million sanction, with an additional N1 million for every month of non-compliance, and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) may revoke their license.

Section 8(2) of the Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025, specifically states that:

“A person engaged in banking, insurance, stockbroking, or other financial services in Nigeria shall ensure that every taxable person provides a Tax ID.”

According to the act, a taxable person is anyone “who carries out economic activity in a place or a person exploiting tangible or intangible property for the purpose of obtaining income therefrom by way of trade or business, or an agency of Government acting in that capacity.”

Thus, any individual or entity carrying out economic activity in Nigeria, or exploiting physical or intellectual property to earn income through trade or services, becomes taxable — irrespective of whether the person is resident within the country.

Also, Section 25(1) of the Nigeria Tax Administration Act, 2025 states:

“A taxable person engaged in services related to the exchange, custody, or management of virtual assets as a Virtual Asset Service Provider (VASP) shall, with or without notice, in addition to the returns provided in sections 11 and 13 of this Act, submit to the relevant tax authority the information prescribed in subsection (2).”

The monthly returns that VASPs must submit are expected to include a description of the virtual asset service (exchange, sale, or transfer of virtual assets), the transaction date, the type and value of the virtual assets involved, and the sales value of the virtual assets.

They are also required to provide the customer’s name, address, telephone number, email address, and Tax ID, including the customer’s National Identification Number, as well as the same details for any counterparty involved in the transaction — along with any other particulars prescribed by the relevant tax authority.

It further states: ”Notwithstanding subsections (1) and (2), the relevant tax authority may at any time, with or without notice, request a VASP to submit further information in a prescribed form, on a specified date.”

Beyond compliance at onboarding, banks will file quarterly reports to tax authorities. These reports must include details of new customers, existing ones whose cumulative monthly transactions exceed N25 million for individuals and N100 million for corporates.


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Ebere Melum-Nwogbo is a trained and practicing journalist. She is passionate about ICT and business journalism. She has over a decade experience spanning money and capital market as well as information technology

E-Financial

Banks to Cut Fraud Response Times to Under 30 Minutes

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Banks in the country have agreed to reduce fraud response times to under 30 minutes, a move expected to significantly improve recovery outcomes and limit systemic risk, according to the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN).

This disclosure was made on Wednesday by Philip Ikeazor, deputy governor, Financial System Stability, at the 2026 Nigeria Electronic Fraud Forum (NeFF) Technical Kick-Off Session held in Lagos.

Represented by Ibrahim Hassan, Ikeazor said fraud mitigation efforts within the banking industry have continued to evolve in response to increasingly sophisticated threat vectors. While legacy forms of fraud such as ATM card cloning have largely been neutralised, newer risks including online fraud, social engineering, SIM-swap abuse, insider compromise and authorised push payment (APP) scams have emerged as major challenges.

According to him, NeFF has played a pivotal role in coordinating timely and industry-wide responses to these emerging risks. These interventions include the introduction of mandatory two-factor authentication, issuance of industry advisories, sustained public awareness campaigns, the establishment of 24/7 bank fraud desks and, more recently, the development of a Standardised APP Scam Framework.

“Importantly, the industry has agreed to reduce fraud response times to under 30 minutes, a decisive step that materially improves recovery outcomes and limits systemic exposure,” Ikeazor said.

He noted that a major enabler of fraud reduction in Nigeria has been the country’s progress in identity management. The introduction of the Bank Verification Number (BVN), alongside its ongoing integration with the National Identification Number (NIN), has significantly constrained impersonation and synthetic identity fraud.

According to him, enhanced identity verification across banking channels, agent networks and high-risk digital platforms is steadily closing loopholes previously exploited by criminals. He added that this development reinforces the importance of identity infrastructure as a foundational control for payment system integrity, with the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) remaining a key partner in strengthening fraud prevention efforts.

“Equally transformative is the industry’s migration to ISO 20022. Beyond compliance, ISO 20022 provides richer, structured transaction data that enhances traceability, analytics and early fraud detection,” Ikeazor said.

He explained that as banks, payment service providers and financial infrastructure operators complete implementation across real-time gross settlement (RTGS) and instant payment systems, data quality and transparency are expected to improve materially. This, he said, would enable faster investigations, better fraud pattern recognition and more effective cross-border cooperation.

“This alignment with global standards positions Nigeria to confront increasingly sophisticated fraud schemes with modern, data-driven tools,” he added.

Ikeazor further noted that over the past decade, Nigeria’s electronic payments ecosystem has recorded substantial progress in resilience, security and public confidence. Despite rapid expansion across ATM, POS, mobile and interbank payment channels, system uptime, operational stability and fraud controls have improved markedly.

He attributed this progress to early regulatory interventions, industry-wide adoption of EMV standards, stronger cybersecurity frameworks, enhanced consumer protection measures and sustained collaboration through NeFF. As a result, he said Nigeria’s payments system now compares favourably with global peers in cyber-fraud management, despite exponential growth in digital transaction volumes.

Looking ahead to 2026, Ikeazor warned that electronic fraud losses have risen sharply in recent years and must be decisively reversed. He stressed the need for the industry to commit to bold and measurable fraud-reduction targets, supported by clear strategic priorities.

These include full exploitation of ISO 20022 data, universal and real-time identity verification, enhanced round-the-clock fraud monitoring and response, structured liability-sharing and consumer reimbursement frameworks, deeper engagement with payment service providers and telecoms operators, as well as rigorous performance measurement through transparent scorecards.

“What gets measured must be improved,” he said.

In her opening remarks, Rakiya O. Yusuf, director, Payments System Supervision Department and Chairman, Nigeria Electronic Fraud Forum (NeFF), said that over the past decade, NeFF has provided a trusted platform for regulators and industry stakeholders to jointly strengthen the resilience, security and credibility of Nigeria’s payments system.

Yusuf said sustained collaboration among financial institutions, payment service providers, infrastructure operators, identity management agencies, law enforcement and other partners has delivered meaningful progress in fraud mitigation, even as electronic transactions have expanded rapidly under the cashless policy.

She said key milestones achieved include the migration to EMV chip-and-PIN cards, the introduction of two-factor authentication across electronic channels, enhanced consumer protection measures and the institutionalisation of industry-wide fraud information sharing.

According to her, these interventions led to measurable reductions in fraud losses in earlier years and helped preserve public confidence in digital payments during periods of rapid growth. More recently, she added, improvements in identity management, particularly the rollout of the BVN and its integration with the NIN, have significantly reduced impersonation and the use of false identities for fraud, closing long-standing gaps exploited by criminals across both banking and agent networks.

 


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MoMo PSB Expands Cross-Border Transfers Across Africa

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MoMo Payment Service Bank (MoMo PSB), the financial subsidiary of MTN Nigeria, has expanded its cross-border transfer service, extending outbound coverage to additional African markets (including Kenya and South Sudan), while also deepening inbound remittance capabilities from the United Kingdom, United States, Canada, and Europe.

MoMo PSB Expands Cross-Border Transfers Across Africa

MoMo PSB

With the latest expansion, MoMo PSB customers in Nigeria can now send money to a wider network of African countries, including Ghana, Benin Republic, Rwanda, Togo, Cameroon, DR Congo, Congo Brazzaville, The Gambia, Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia, Malawi, Zambia, Sierra Leone, Uganda, and now Kenya and South Sudan.

On the inbound corridor, customers can conveniently receive international transfers directly into their MoMo wallets from senders across the UK, US, Canada, and Europe. This development reinforces MoMo PSB’s growing role in enabling fast, secure, and inclusive cross-border payments for Nigerians at home and in the diaspora.

The enhanced service offering reflects MoMo PSB’s ongoing commitment to advancing financial inclusion by simplifying the process of moving money across borders. Customers benefit from swift transaction processing, competitive exchange rates, secure transfers, and the ease of receiving funds directly into their MoMo wallets, removing many of the delays and frictions traditionally associated with cross-border remittances.

The expansion is driven by strategic partnerships with Brij, Lightway Finance, and Thunes, leveraging their global payments infrastructure to deliver reliable, efficient, and compliant cross-border transfer experiences.

Speaking on the development, Usoro Usoro, Executive Director, Strategy and Stakeholder Management, MoMo PSB, said: “Through our partnerships with Lightway Finance and Thunes, we have strengthened our international payments infrastructure to support both outbound and inbound remittances across key corridors. This expansion reflects our commitment to building secure, scalable, and inclusive financial solutions that meet the evolving needs of our customers.”

By widening both its sending and receiving corridors, MoMo PSB continues to deepen access to financial services and strengthen Nigeria’s connection to the global economy—making international payments more accessible, affordable, and seamless for individuals and businesses alike. For more information, visit www.momo.ng/internationaltransfers.


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FG Shops for N900Bn from Domestic Market with High-Yield Bonds

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Debt Management Office (DMO) has moved to raise N900 billion from the domestic debt market with the offer of three Federal Government of Nigeria (FGN) bonds carrying interest rates of up to 22.6 per cent.

FG Shops for N900Bn from Domestic Market with High-Yield Bonds

The bond offer, which will be sold by auction on January 26, 2026, comprises N300 billion worth of 18.50 per cent FGN February 2031 (7-year) bonds, N400 billion of 19.00 per cent FGN February 2034 (10-year) bonds and N200 billion of 22.60 per cent FGN January 2035 (10-year) bonds.

Settlement is scheduled for January 28, 2026.

According to a notice issued by DMO, the bonds are re-openings of previously issued instruments and are being offered on behalf of the Federal Government in line with the Debt Management Office (Establishment) Act 2003 and the Local Loans (Registered Stock and Securities) Act.

The bonds are priced based on the yield-to-maturity bids submitted by successful investors at the auction, in addition to accrued interest, with interest payments made semi-annually.

The bonds will be redeemed through bullet repayment at maturity.

Units of sale are priced at N1,000 per unit, with a minimum subscription of N50.001 million and multiples of N1,000thereafter, making the offer largely targeted at institutional investors.

The DMO said the bonds qualify as approved securities for trustees under the Trustee Investment Act and are recognised as government securities under the Company Income Tax Act and Personal Income Tax Act, making them tax-exempt for pension funds and other eligible investors.

They are also listed on the Nigerian Exchange Limited and the FMDQ OTC Securities Exchange, and qualify as liquid assets for banks’ liquidity ratio calculations.

“FGN Bonds are backed by the full faith and credit of the Federal Government of Nigeria and are charged upon the general assets of Nigeria,” the notice stated.

Interested investors are advised to channel their applications through authorised Primary Dealer Market Makers, including major commercial and merchant banks across the country.

Market analysts say the high yields attached to the offer reflect current tight liquidity conditions and elevated interest rates, while providing investors with an opportunity to lock in attractive long-term returns from government-backed securities.

The January bond auction forms part of the Federal Government’s domestic borrowing plan to fund budget needs, while offering investors safe, long-term returns and deepening the local debt market.

 


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