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High Spectrum Prices Inimical to Social Welfare in Developing Countries – Study

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Better spectrum pricing policies are needed in developing countries to improve the economic and social welfare of the billions of people that remain unconnected to mobile broadband services, according to a new report, ‘Spectrum Pricing in Developing Countries’, released by the GSMA yesterday at the Mobile 360 – Africa conference in Kigali.

The study reveals that spectrum prices in developing countries are, on average, more than three times higher than in developed countries, when income is taken into account. This high spectrum pricing is a major roadblock to increasing mobile penetration.

Authored by GSMA Intelligence, the study also found that governments are playing an active role in increasing spectrum prices to maximise state revenues from spectrum licensing.

High spectrum prices are linked to countries with high levels of sovereign debt, and alarmingly average reserve prices in spectrum auctions are more than five times higher in developing countries than in developed, once income is accounted for.

The report also identifies a link between high spectrum prices and poorer coverage, as well as more expensive and lower quality mobile broadband services, all of which hinder the take-up of services by consumers.

“Connecting everyone becomes impossible without better policy decisions on spectrum,” said Brett Tarnutzer, Head of Spectrum, GSMA. “For far too long, the success of spectrum auctions has been judged on how much revenue can be raised rather than the economic and social benefits of connecting people.

Spectrum policies that inflate prices and focus on short-term gains are incompatible with our shared goals of delivering better and more affordable mobile broadband services.

These pricing policies will only limit the growth of the digital economy and make it harder to eradicate poverty, deliver better healthcare and education, and achieve financial inclusion and gender equality.”

The GSMA study assessed over 1,000 spectrum assignments across 102 countries (including 60 developing and 42 developed countries) from 2010 through 2017, making it the largest-ever analysis into spectrum pricing in developing countries, as well as the drivers and their potential impacts of spectrum pricing on consumers.

Among the countries included in the analysis are Algeria, Bangladesh, Brazil, Colombia, Egypt, Ghana, India, Jordan, Mexico, Myanmar and Thailand – all markets where spectrum licensing is a priority.

Setting high final prices administratively or setting high auction starting prices (e.g. reserve prices), artificially limiting the amount of licensed spectrum available, not sharing a clear spectrum roadmap, and setting poor auction rules are some of the policy decisions highlighted in the report that are driving high spectrum prices in developing countries.

Mobile Connectivity Index

In related news, GSMA Intelligence today launched its latest Mobile Connectivity Index, which measures the performance of 163 countries (representing 99 per cent of the world’s population) against key enablers of mobile internet adoption.

The Index highlights recent progress made on widening access to the mobile internet and explores key roadblocks to adoption, including spectrum policy.

At the end of 2017, 3.3 billion people (or 44 per cent of the global population) were connected to the mobile internet, representing an increase of almost 300 million compared to the previous year.

That still leaves more than 4 billion people offline and unable to realise the social and economic benefits that the mobile internet enables. The majority of people that remain unconnected – 3.9 billion – live in developing countries.

Mobile broadband networks still do not cover 1 billion people globally, and approximately 3 billion people who live within the footprint of a network are not currently accessing mobile internet services.

In low-income countries, around two thirds of rural populations are not covered by 3G networks.

The Mobile Connectivity Index highlights the importance of factors such as the affordability and quality of mobile broadband services, and network investment in connecting people, both of which can be impacted by high spectrum prices.

“If mobile operators don’t get affordable and predictable access to spectrum, it will be consumers who will suffer the most.

“Developing countries have the opportunity to catch up with the developed on mobile adoption; however the investment case in some of these markets is being put at risk.

“Operators cannot keep paying significantly more for spectrum when consumer incomes and expected profits are much lower in these markets. This is making network investment challenging at a time when policies should encourage the development of the mobile sector to maximise the benefits it can bring to everyone,” said Pau Castells, Director of Economic Analysis at GSMA Intelligence.


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Telecom

FG Taps Quest Merchant Bank for Advisory on 90,000km Fibre Project

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Quest Merchant Bank has been appointed as Transaction Advisor for Project BRIDGE, a broadband infrastructure initiative of the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy (FMCIDE), led by Bosun Tijani, the minister.

FG Taps Quest Merchant Bank for Advisory on 90,000km Fibre Project

Project BRIDGE, short for Broadband Infrastructure Development for Digital Economy, is designed to deepen Nigeria’s digital backbone through the deployment of about 90,000 kilometres of open-access fibre-optic cables nationwide.

The initiative is expected to boost broadband penetration, strengthen connectivity and drive inclusive economic growth.

Under the mandate, Quest Merchant Bank will work with the ministry and the Project Implementation Unit to structure the project’s financial and commercial framework.

This includes developing bankable investment models, engaging investors and designing a public-private partnership structure to ensure efficient execution and sustainability.

Afolabi Olorode, acting managing director, described the project as a critical intervention for Nigeria’s digital economy.

“Project BRIDGE represents a critical step in strengthening Nigeria’s digital backbone and unlocking the immense opportunities within the country’s digital economy. We are honoured to partner with the FMCIDE under the leadership of Honourable Minister, Dr Bosun Tijani on this important initiative,” he said.

He added that the bank would leverage its expertise in infrastructure finance to develop “a robust and investable framework that will attract private capital and support long-term national development.”

Also speaking, Yetunde Falore, head of Investment Banking at Quest Merchant Bank, said the project comes at a defining moment for Nigeria’s digital economy.

“Nigeria’s digital economy is entering a defining phase, and infrastructure initiatives such as Project BRIDGE will play a central role in expanding connectivity, deepening digital inclusion, and supporting sustainable economic growth,” she stated.

Falore noted that the bank would focus on ensuring the timely and efficient delivery of the project in its advisory role.

The initiative aligns with the Renewed Hope agenda of President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, which prioritises digital infrastructure expansion and private sector participation in critical national assets.


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Court Bans Kenyan Telcos from Recycling SIM Cards

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Kenya’s High Court has ruled that mobile phone numbers are not disposable assets, but constitutionally protected digital identifiers, striking at the core of a long-standing industry practice of arbitrarily reassigning inactive SIM cards without the owners’ consent.

Court Bans Kenyan Telcos from Recycling SIM Cards

In a landmark decision that could reshape telecom regulation and digital identity frameworks across Africa, sitting at Milimani Law Courts in Nairobi, Justice Lawrence Mugambi declared that reassigning a phone number without the original owner’s consent violates the right to privacy.

The ruling effectively elevates a SIM card into the same legal category as personal data tied to an individual’s private life.

At the heart of the ruling is Article 31 of the Constitution, which safeguards citizens from unnecessary disclosure of private information and interference with communications.

The court found that in today’s digital economy, a registered mobile number functions as a critical gateway to sensitive personal data, linking users to mobile money platforms like M-PESA, banking systems, email accounts, and social media profiles.

“When mobile digital identity is lost through reallocation or recycling without interrogating the reasons behind inactivity, it creates an avenue for unauthorised disclosure of delicate information,” the judgment stated.

The case, brought by Erastus Ngura Odhiambo, petitioner and former prisoner, challenged the routine telecoms practice of deactivating SIM cards after prolonged inactivity and reassigning them to new users.

Odhiambo lost access to his mobile phone number due to inactivity while serving his lengthy sentence.

He argued that the practice exposes individuals to serious risks, including misdirected financial transactions, intercepted one-time passwords, and unintended access to private communications.

The court agreed, highlighting how recycled numbers can result in strangers receiving confidential messages, authentication codes, and even being added to private messaging groups, effectively inheriting fragments of another person’s digital life.

Justice Mugambi also criticised the rigidity of SIM deactivation policies, calling them “arbitrary” for failing to consider legitimate reasons for inactivity such as incarceration, studying in restricted environments, or living abroad.

“Incarceration does not strip an individual of their constitutional rights to privacy and identity,” he noted.

For telecom operators, including Safaricom, the ruling introduces a significant compliance burden. The court outlined three strict conditions before any number can be reassigned.

Telcos must obtain informed and verifiable consent from the original owner, issue a public notice and conduct traceability efforts over a reasonable period.

More importantly, the court further directed that telecoms firms must implement technical safeguards to prevent data exposure to the new user.

The Office of the Attorney General has been given six months to translate these directives into enforceable regulations.

 


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Binance Earn: Simple Way to Earn Rewards on Idle Crypto Holdings

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Binance Earn offers cryptocurrency users an accessible way to generate rewards on idle digital assets without active trading or constant market monitoring.

Binance Earn: Simple Way to Earn Rewards on Idle Crypto Holdings

Binance Earn

As the crypto market matures, more holders seek productive uses for their assets rather than leaving them dormant in wallets. Binance addresses this through Binance Earn, where users allocate supported cryptocurrencies to various reward products for automatic yield generation.

The platform emphasises simplicity with a “set-and-forget” model: users select assets, pick a product, and rewards accrue passively in the background. This appeals especially to long-term holders aiming to enhance portfolio value over time without day-to-day involvement.

Binance Earn provides flexible options for instant liquidity access alongside fixed-term products for defined commitments, catering to diverse strategies and risk appetites.

“We’re seeing growing interest across Africa in ways to make crypto holdings more productive without active trading,” said Larry Cooke, Africa Head of Legal at Binance. “Simple, ‘set-and-forget’ solutions are becoming increasingly relevant as more users take a longer-term approach to digital assets.”

The feature reflects shifting user behaviour towards holding and gradual growth amid volatile markets, where reward rates fluctuate based on conditions, liquidity, and structures.

Users must assess risks and alignment with personal goals, as crypto remains volatile. Binance Earn positions itself as a key tool in Africa’s rising digital asset adoption, enabling hands-off participation in the ecosystem.


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