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Nigerian Banks Have Highest Cost Base

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Segun Agbaje, CEO, GTBank
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Nigerian banks have been discovered to have the highest cost base amongst their peers due to increased levy paid to the Assets Management Company of Nigeria (AMCON) as well as the poor state of infrastructure in the country

According to a report by JP Morgan, “Nigerian banks have higher cost/income ratios versus their Central and Eastern Europe, Middle East and Africa (CEEMEA) bank peers due to lack of necessary infrastructure in form of quality manpower, steady electricity supply, security of physical assets, etc.”

Noting from levies paid by banks to the bad bank that AMCON has risen substantially in recent times, JP Morgan’s analysts in a report on Nigerian banks said, “Higher AMCON levy limits cost/income improvement on our estimates.”

The report noted that contribution to the sinking fund of AMCON has risen to 50 basis points (bps) of total banking assets per annum compared to 30bps previously.

“Following the increase in AMCON levy, we believe AMCON charges will rise 130 per cent year-on-year average 2013 estimate versus 28 per cent year-on-year 2012 audited, adding to the operating expenses growth this year and 11 per cent year-on-year per annum average 2014-16 estimate; between 2013-2016 estimates, we expect AMCON charges to form 11 per cent of Nigerian banks cost base versus five per cent previously.”

Apart from increased operating cost due to contribution into the AMCON sinking fund, JP Morgan analysts say they also expect banks to strive to make up for loss of revenues arising from regulatory pressure on removal of commissions on turnover (COT).

“On average for the banks under our coverage, COT formed 44 per- cent of 2012 actual fee income and 10 per cent of overall revenues; COT will be phased out gradually through 2016 estimates and we believe banks will look to recover this revenue loss via higher focus on fee-yielding transactions and participation in higher-yield financial intermediation.

“However, we estimate average fee incomes as a percentage of total revenues to decline from 24 per cent 2012 actuals to 15 per cent 2016 estimates with a flat year-on-year annual growth in fee income through 16E (following 16 per cent year-on-year 2012 actuals).”

The report which forecast a 25 per cent year-on-year average growth in non-performing loans (NPL) of banks between 2013 and 2016, noted that “recent guidance on NPL development within these banks has remained low; nevertheless for our 2013-2016 estimates forecasts, we have assumed a steady deterioration in the NPL ratio including the 16-17 per cent year-on-year average annual loan growth that we have forecast for these banks for 2013-2016 estimates.

“We see this estimate as conservative but given the lack of a consistent, comparable disclosure from the banks, low economic diversification, tendency to shift lending mix to higher yield categories in 2013-2016 estimates as discussed above. Feedback from channel checks and excesses observed in the past, we prefer to err on the side of conservatism,” the JP Morgan report stated.

Refreshing its ratings and views on shares of four Nigerian banks within its coverage, JP Morgan upgraded Guaranty Trust Bank Plc (GTB) and United Bank for Africa Plc (UBA), from Neutral to Overweight.

FBN holdings and Zenith Bank Plc were on the other hand downgraded. While FBN Holdings was downgraded to Neutral from Underweight, Zenith was downgraded to Overweight from Underweight.

GTB and UBA were named JP Morgan’s “preferred stocks in the Nigerian banks space, each offering an attractive 45 per- cent potential upside to their December 2014 fair values – among the highest within the CEEMEA banks currently.

“While GTB’s valuation (2.0x14E t.book) is at a 33 per- cent premium to the CEEMEA peer average (1.5x 14E), we estimate its offers roughly 60 per cent higher tangible ROE vs. The CEEMEA average (29 per cent 14E in GT – the highest in CEEMEA banks – versus 18 per cent 14E CEEMEA) and nearly double the dividend yield.

“UBA on the other hand offers a 30 per cent higher tangible ROE (of 23 per cent in 14E) on our estimates vs. CEEMEA banks average and a significantly higher dividend yield (10 per cent) for a 33 per cent valuation discount (1.0x14E tangible book) vs. CEEMEA banks.”


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BOI MD, Olasupo Olusi, Charts Tech-Driven Path to Growth for Nigeria

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Dr. Olasupo Olusi, the Managing Director of the Bank of Industry (BOI), has challenged Nigeria to urgently convert its vast reservoir of talent into measurable productivity, declaring that the nation’s economic future depends less on potential and more on deliberate organisation of skills, technology, and capital.

Delivering the 18th Convocation Lecture at Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH), Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Olusi presented a sweeping diagnosis of Nigeria’s economic paradox – abundant human capital, yet underwhelming output – while positioning technology as the critical bridge between the two.

Olusi argued that Nigeria’s problem is not a shortage of talent but the failure to translate that talent into economic value. According to him, productivity, defined as output relative to input, remains the missing link between effort and impact in the country’s development trajectory.

“Nigeria’s challenge is not necessarily to produce more talents. The challenge is to organise that talent pool into productivity,” he said, adding that while Nigerians are globally competitive, systemic inefficiencies continue to limit economic outcomes.

He drew attention to comparative data showing Nigeria trailing peer economies in manufacturing output and agricultural yields, despite possessing similar starting advantages decades ago. The implication, he noted, is clear: the country must rethink how it deploys its resources.

Anchoring his argument on technology, Olusi pointed to ongoing transformations across sectors – from financial technology platforms expanding access to credit, to precision agriculture solutions improving yields and incomes. These examples, he said, demonstrate how innovation can amplify human effort and unlock productivity gains at scale.

“Technology does not replace human effort. It multiplies it, and that is the bridge between talent and productivity,” Olusi stated, urging Nigerian universities to move beyond theoretical knowledge and focus on producing practical, scalable solutions to real economic challenges.

He specifically called on institutions like LAUTECH to lead the charge in innovation, stressing that universities must become engines of production by linking research directly to industry and markets.

Speaking on the role of development finance, Olusi outlined the strategic repositioning of the Bank of Industry to support technology-led growth. He revealed that BOI is embedding digital transformation at the core of its 2025–2027 strategy, with a focus on accelerating access to finance, supporting innovation, and building enterprise capacity.

A key initiative, he disclosed, is the launch of a digital loan application platform scheduled for June 2026, which will enable entrepreneurs to access funding more efficiently.

“If technology multiplies productivity, then development finance must be organised to accelerate technology adoption. Without capital, talent and technology remain mere potential. With it, they become production,” he said.

Olusi highlighted several BOI-backed interventions across manufacturing, agriculture, infrastructure, and sustainability, noting that the Bank is increasingly financing technology upgrades that enable businesses to scale, compete globally, and create jobs.

He also underscored the need to strengthen the link between academia and industry, announcing plans for an Industrial Innovation Fund aimed at bridging the gap between research and commercialisation. In addition, he disclosed a proposed student venture capital grant programme designed to support young innovators with funding of up to ₦50 million.

Addressing the graduating students, Olusi urged them to prioritise problem-solving, production, and integrity, while encouraging those considering migration to remain connected to Nigeria’s development.

“This nation is still under construction, and she needs her most capable people,” he said, noting that meaningful transformation will occur not in theory but through practical engagement in farms, factories, and enterprises.

Olusi expressed confidence in Nigeria’s economic outlook, pointing to ongoing reforms and increased investment in digital skills, innovation, and infrastructure as signs of progress.

“I am optimistic about Nigeria, not because the challenges are small, but because I have seen what Nigerians achieve when the right systems are in place. The journey from talent to productivity is not a slogan. It is the work of a generation,” he said.

He concluded with a direct charge to the graduates and the broader Nigerian youth, whom he described as central to the country’s future.

“The question is not whether this transformation will happen. The question is who will do it. And the answer is sitting here. You are the builders. Go and build.”


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CADEF, Stakeholders Push for Zero Added Sugar Standards in Infant Foods

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Consumer advocates, health professionals and policymakers have called for urgent regulatory reforms to eliminate added sugars in infant foods, warning that current standards may be exposing Nigerian babies to avoidable long-term health risks.

CADEF, Stakeholders Push for Zero Added Sugar Standards in Infant Foods

Chiso Ndukwe-Okafor, Executive Director of CADEF

The call was made on Thursday at a high-level stakeholders’ meeting in Abuja organised by the Consumer Advocacy and Empowerment Foundation (CADEF) in partnership with Public Eye, where new findings on sugar content in baby foods triggered widespread concern.

Public Eye’s research focused on Cerelac, Nestlé’s widely consumed infant cereal across Africa. Laboratory tests on nearly 100 samples purchased in over 20 African countries revealed that 94 per cent contained added sugar. On average, products recorded about 6 grams of added sugar per serving equivalent to roughly one and a half sugar cubes with some markets reaching between 7 and 7.5 grams. Nigerian samples averaged 5 grams, with peaks of 6.1 grams.

The figures refer strictly to sugar added during manufacturing and exclude naturally occurring sugars present in ingredients such as grains, fruits and milk.

Nestlé however maintained that its products comply with local regulations and are fortified to address nutritional deficiencies.

However, the company has not explained why sugar-free formulations are available in Europe while African markets receive variants containing added sugar.

Opening the session, Chiso Ndukwe-Okafor, Executive Director of CADEF, stressed that the advocacy is not targeted at any single company but aimed at safeguarding children’s health and advancing a zero-added-sugar standard for infant foods in Nigeria.

“African babies are being fed sugar Europe would never accept,” she said, highlighting disparities in product formulations across regions.

Citing the findings, she noted that some cereal-based infant foods contain “over four grams, almost five grams of sugar,” but clarified that manufacturers are not breaching existing laws.

“They are complying with current regulations, which are based on Codex standards developed over 30 years ago,” she said, pointing to the outdated nature of the framework as the core issue.

She urged regulatory authorities to align national standards with current global health recommendations.

CADEF warned that early exposure to added sugars can shape children’s taste preferences and increase their risk of obesity, diabetes, dental disease and other non-communicable conditions later in life echoing guidance from the World Health Organization, which advises against added sugars in infant foods.

While acknowledging that existing sugar levels fall within Nigeria’s Codex-based standards, the organisation argued that the framework is no longer sufficient to protect infant nutrition.

It clarified that its concerns relate specifically to sugars deliberately added as sweeteners or enhancers, not naturally occurring sugars in raw ingredients.

Stakeholders at the meeting called on key regulators including the Standards Organisation of Nigeria (SON) and the National Agency for Food and Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC) to review existing standards and enforce clearer, more transparent labelling requirements.

CADEF emphasised that parents deserve accurate, easy-to-understand information when making nutritional choices, noting that Nigerian consumers should enjoy the same level of product quality and protection available in other markets.

Among its recommendations is the introduction of mandatory front-of-pack labelling that clearly identifies and distinguishes sources of sugar, alongside policies to drive reformulation toward zero added sugar.

“We need front-of-pack labelling in simple language that separates the source of sugar on each product,” Ndukwe-Okafor said, adding that regulators and paediatric stakeholders expressed support for reform.

Also speaking, Adeyemo Adebayo of the Nutrition Division at the Federal Ministry of Health stressed that policy reforms must be complemented by sustained public advocacy to achieve meaningful impact.

He called for broader health education efforts beyond formal legislation, including engagement with traditional and religious leaders to drive grassroots awareness that infants do not require added sugar.

Jubril Mohammed, representing the Standards Organisation of Nigeria, said the agency’s role is to facilitate consensus-driven standards rather than impose unilateral decisions.

He noted that proposals such as eliminating added sugar must be backed by evidence and stakeholder agreement, adding that review processes can take up to a year.

He, however, expressed the agency’s willingness to collaborate with CADEF.

From a clinical perspective, Dr. Anthony Bawa, representing the Paediatric Association of Nigeria (PAN), called for stronger multi-sector collaboration involving academia, health institutions and lawmakers to address the risks associated with added sugars in infant diets.

He emphasised the importance of National Assembly involvement in enacting effective legislation to protect children’s health.

The meeting also highlighted international precedents. In India, sustained advocacy and regulatory pressure have compelled manufacturers to introduce multiple no-added-sugar variants of infant foods, demonstrating that reform is achievable.

As interim guidance, advocates urged parents to limit processed foods, avoid sugary drinks and sweets for young children, and prioritise natural options such as fruits.

“Don’t give children soft drinks. Don’t give them sweets,” Ndukwe-Okafor advised, recommending healthier alternatives like bananas and mangoes.

The coalition said it will engage senior policymakers and the National Assembly to push for stricter regulations, including a zero-added-sugar benchmark for infant foods in Nigeria.

Stakeholders agreed that a combination of regulatory reform, industry accountability and consumer education will be critical to safeguarding infant health and securing a healthier future.


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UK–Nigeria Skills and Schools Trade Mission Concludes with Strong Foundations for Education Partnership

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A high-level UK delegation has concluded a week-long skills and schools trade mission to Nigeria, marking a significant step forward in education and skills cooperation between the two countries.

Running from 19-23 April 2026 across Abuja and Lagos State, the mission brought together leading UK private schools, skills providers, and education institutions with Nigerian partners, schools, and the Honourable Minister of Education Dr Tunji Alausa.

The mission follows the high profile and well received state visit to the UK in March, which also included education engagements.  Supported by the UK’s Department for Business and Trade (DBT), the mission forms part of its new International Education Strategy, under which Nigeria has been identified as one of five priority education markets, spearheaded by Professor Sir Steve Smith, who is looking forward to visiting the country again this year.

The mission focused on in-country delivery of education, the establishment of world-renowned UK schools in Nigeria, and the development of skills and Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) systems aligned with industry demand.

In Abuja, the delegation met with Nigeria’s Honourable Minister of Education, Dr Tunji Alausa, securing strong political backing for UK–Nigeria education partnerships and set the groundwork for ongoing institutional collaboration across both schools and skills.

In Lagos, delegates engaged further with potential partners and investors. In both cities the delegation was thrilled to visit local British curriculum schools and colleges to further enable them to experience first-hand the teaching and learning environment.

British Deputy High Commissioner, Jonny Baxter, said: “The UK and Nigeria share a deep and longstanding relationship, and opportunities in education are one of its most exciting frontiers.

“This mission has demonstrated the strong appetite on both sides to deepen collaboration in education and skills.”

“By bringing together UK schools and skills providers with Nigerian partners and policymakers, we are laying the foundations for even more long-term partnerships that support Nigeria’s education priorities, strengthen skills aligned to industry needs, and create opportunities for sustainable, in-country delivery as well as positioning Nigeria as the regional hub for high quality education.”

DBT Head of International Education, Sarah Chidgey, said: “This mission is a perfect example of the International Education Strategy being put into action, building on multiple two-way visits and the UK and Nigeria’s warm relationship. It has been heartening to see all the progress in UK Nigeria education collaboration since my first visit to Nigeria, as part of a wider delegation, in 2022.”

DBT’s mission concluded with a strong pipeline of follow-up activity, including targeted one-to-one meetings, MoU discussions, and agreed next steps between UK and Nigerian counterparts.

 


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