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Opinion: Nigeria Ends 2017 on a Firm Footing

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By Lukman Otunuga

It has certainly been a phenomenal and somewhat pivotal year for the Nigerian economy which managed to climb out of its first recession in 25 years, during the second quarter of 2017.

The unsavory combination of heavily depressed oil prices, reduced foreign reserves, and a vulnerable Naira in 2016, initially fueled speculations of the nation’s macroeconomic conditions remaining depressed for a prolonged period.

However, the status of Nigeria’s economy did a pleasant turn around this year as core macro-economic indicators started to rebound.

The recession made it increasingly clear that the illness behind Nigeria’s economic woes was a heavy dependence on oil as a source of growth, but the cure could be found in diversification.

As Nigeria continues its quest to break away from the shackles of oil reliance by diversifying into other sustainable sources of growth in the longer term, recovering oil prices could still offer some benefits short term.

With the government’s revenues still dependent on the oil sector, the performance of oil in 2018 will have an impact on the economy.

Although supply-side disruptions and market optimism over OPEC’s production cuts balancing markets, have elevated WTI Crude to its highest level in over two years at $60, the question remains for how long?

With rising production from U.S. Shale seen as a threat to higher oil prices, the upside is likely to face some headwinds. Depreciating oil prices amid renewed oversupply concerns could easily trickle down to negatively impact the Nigerian economy.

Another risk to look for next year, is the possibility of OPEC formally requesting Nigeria to limit production by 1.8 million barrels a day- like the other oil producers.

With the 2018 budget based on oil production of 2.3 million barrels per day, this presents some headwinds to the successful implementation process of the budget, and could negatively impact the economy as a result.

Focusing on the macro fundamentals, the picture is encouraging, as inflationary pressures eased considerably from the peak of 18.72% to 15.90% in November 2017.

Exports followed a positive trajectory in 2017 which was supportive of GDP potential, while imports cooled as the nation consumed local produce. With Nigeria’s economic resilience stimulating investor risk appetite, the Nigerian Stock Exchange ventured higher; appreciating 41% year to date.

Due to improving business confidence in the country, the manufacturing PMI also rebounded significantly this year, indicating an expansion in the manufacturing sector.

In the most recent publication of the World Bank’s report on the ease of doing business, Nigeria’s ranking was pushed up by 24 places, underscoring the more promising economic outlook.

The Central Bank of Nigeria may be commended for its efforts to help stabilize the chaotic forex market this year by introducing an importers and exporters foreign exchange window.

With the window increasing the ease for investors to trade the Dollar, the Naira – which dropped to as low as N525 to the Dollar- staged a recovery, with prices trading around 365 as of writing. As we enter the New Year it is vital that Nigeria puts more effort into creating a stable and unified exchange rate across the forex markets.

It must be kept in mind that a liquid forex market combined with increased investment in other sources of growth such as agriculture, has the ability to tame inflationary pressures. When inflation displays further signs of moderation, the Central Bank of Nigeria is likely to take action by cutting interest rates from 14% to 12% in an effort to support economic growth further.

While the Central Bank of Nigeria is expected to cut interest rates in 2018 as inflationary pressures ease and the economy stabilizes further, attention should be paid to external factors. For example, with the Federal Reserve raising U.S. interest rates in December and the Bank of England potentially hiking rates in the near term to cap inflation, there is a possibility the CBN remains on standby during Q1.

As we enter the New Year, I remain highly optimistic over Nigeria’s long-term economic outlook but much work needs to be done in the short to medium term.  The nation remains in need of urgent macroeconomic and structural reforms, not only to support the current recovery but to place it on a path of sustainable growth.

With the IMF forecasting real GDP growth of 2.1% and the Federal Government targeting 3.5% in the 2018 budget, it will be interesting to see if the nation under or over performs in 2018.

Lukman Otunuga is a research analyst at FXTM


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Ugo Onwuaso is an ICT enthusiast. He believes technology should be used for general good. He holds a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from the Lagos state University. Dear Reader, Your support matters. But we believe that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. That is why, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and finance and how they affect lives. Our incisive and analytical view of how technology news affects the daily life help individuals and organizations make up their minds. Quality journalism costs money. Today, we're asking that you support us to do more. Kindly support our effort to deliver technology and finance journalism to everyone in the world. Donate as little as N1,000. Bank transfers can be made to: UBA Plc 1017156876 Communication Week Media Ltd

E-Financial

FCCPC Dismisses Report Claiming Approval of 48 New Loan Apps

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Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) has dismissed as false a report claiming it approved 48 additional digital loan applications, raising the number of licensed digital lenders in Nigeria to 505.

FCCPC Dismisses Report Claiming Approval of 48 New Loan Apps

 

In a statement posted on its official X handle on Sunday, the commission described the publication, titled “FCCPC Approves 48 More Loan Apps, Raises Licensed Digital Lenders in Nigeria to 505,” as “false, misleading and” not reflective of its actions.

The commission said it had not granted any new approvals or licences for digital lenders, stressing that it was complying with an ex parte order of the Federal High Court restraining the implementation of the Digital, Electronic, Online and Non-Traditional Consumer Lending Regulations, 2025, pending further proceedings.

The statement read, “The attention of the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission has been drawn to a publication titled ‘FCCPC Approves 48 More Loan Apps, Raises Licensed Digital Lenders in Nigeria to 505.’ The publication is false, misleading and does not represent the position or actions of the Commission.

“The FCCPC is a law-abiding institution and is fully complying with the ex parte Order of the Federal High Court restraining the implementation of the Digital, Electronic, Online and Non-Traditional Consumer Lending Regulations, 2025 pending further proceedings.

“Consequently, the Commission has not granted any new approvals or licences pursuant to those Regulations. Any publication suggesting that the Commission recently approved additional digital lenders under the Regulations is entirely false.”

The commission urged members of the public, industry stakeholders and media organisations to disregard the publication and rely only on information released through its official communication channels.

It reiterated its commitment to complying with court orders and providing accurate information on its regulatory activities.

 


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E-Financial

PalmPay Calls for Trust, Infrastructure and Responsible AI to Drive Payment Ecosystem Innovation

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Industry leaders, regulators, and payment experts have called for stronger infrastructure, responsible artificial intelligence (AI) adoption, and deeper cross-sector collaboration to unlock the next phase of growth in Nigeria’s digital payments ecosystem.

The stakeholders made the call during the 2026 Digital Pay Expo held in Lagos on June 17 and 18, 2026. This year’s event focused heavily on the transformative role of AI, cybersecurity, cross-border transactions, and deepening financial inclusion across Africa.

Speaking at the event, Dr. Rekiya Yusuf, Director of the Payment System Supervision Department at the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), represented by Chika Ugwueze, Deputy Director, stated that Nigeria’s payment ecosystem is rapidly evolving beyond digital adoption into deeper digital transformation.

According to Yusuf, artificial intelligence is emerging as a critical driver of this shift, particularly in real-time fraud detection and expanding access to underserved populations. “The goal is to make financial transactions seamless. AI is now driving innovation, helping in real-time fraud detection and helping to expand access,” she said.

She noted, however, that important gaps remain, particularly around infrastructure and inclusion. Building a resilient digital market system in the AI era requires reliable connectivity, robust infrastructure, intentional talent development, and sustained capacity building.

Echoing the regulator’s call for robust ecosystem support, Chika Nwosu, Managing Director of PalmPay Nigeria, said trust, access, and practical financial support remain critical to helping small businesses participate more meaningfully in the formal economy.

He noted that while micro, small, and medium enterprises (SMEs) contribute an impressive 40 per cent to Nigeria’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP), limited access to credit and reliable payment infrastructure continues to slow their ability to grow and scale.

To drive true innovation, Nwosu argued that financial inclusion must move beyond simply opening accounts and enabling basic transactions; it requires building a foundation of trust and tangible economic empowerment.

“SMEs contribute 40 per cent of the country’s GDP. For us at PalmPay, we don’t just provide payment solutions to them, we also support them with financial tools they need to expand and create jobs,” he said. .

Nwosu further emphasised the importance of digital literacy, noting that stronger understanding of digital tools and AI-enabled systems will be essential to buildling long-term trust and participation across the ecosystem.

The discussions at Digital Pay Expo 2026 reflected a growing consensus across the industry: the future of African digital payments will depend on getting the fundamentals right. That means stronger infrastructure, responsible use of AI, better cybersecurity, and closer collaboration between regulators, fintechs, and other ecosystem players.

For PalmPay, the event reinforced the importance of building a payments ecosystem that is more resilient, more secure, and better equipped to support inclusion and growth at scale.


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E-Financial

ngCERT Raises Alarm over Surge in Banks’ ATM Cyberattacks

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Nigeria’s Computer Emergency Response Team (NgCERT) has urged financial institutions to reinforce their cybersecurity systems following a surge in automated teller machine (ATM)-related attacks targeting banks across Africa.

In a cybersecurity advisory issued on June 25, the agency classified the threat as “high risk,” warning that the attacks could inflict significant financial losses, disrupt banking operations and damage public confidence if not promptly addressed.

NgCERT, the federal agency responsible for coordinating responses to cyber threats in Nigeria under the Office of the National Security Adviser (ONSA), said the warning was prompted by a recent cyberattack on United Bank for Africa (UBA) in Senegal.

According to the advisory, cybercriminals successfully compromised the bank’s card authorization infrastructure, enabling them to manipulate transaction controls and carry out 3,421 ATM withdrawals that resulted in losses exceeding $2 million.

The agency said the attack demonstrated a sophisticated methodology that poses a serious threat to financial institutions operating similar ATM and payment card systems across Africa.

“This methodology poses a significant threat to financial institutions operating similar ATM and card systems across the region,” the advisory stated.

NgCERT explained that investigations into recent incidents indicate that attackers typically gain initial access to bank networks through phishing campaigns, vulnerabilities within third-party supply chains or insider assistance.

Once inside the network, the attackers conduct extensive reconnaissance to identify critical systems responsible for ATM transaction processing, card management and transaction authorisation.

The agency said the threat actors then deploy malware, escalate their system privileges and manipulate key security controls, including ATM withdrawal limits, transaction velocity restrictions, fraud monitoring thresholds and payment card parameters.

It added that the attackers are also capable of creating new payment card records or altering existing ones, enabling coordinated cash-out operations involving multiple operatives simultaneously withdrawing large amounts of cash from ATMs across different locations.

NgCERT warned that successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could result in massive financial losses through the rapid depletion of ATM cash reserves, compromise of core banking infrastructure and manipulation of customer accounts.

Beyond direct financial losses, the agency said such attacks could trigger regulatory sanctions, reputational damage, service disruptions and broader network compromise that may lead to sensitive data breaches.

To mitigate the threat, ngCERT advised banks to strengthen privileged access management and enforce multi-factor authentication for all administrative accounts.

The agency also urged financial institutions to immediately harden their ATM infrastructure by disabling unnecessary remote access, applying the latest firmware updates and reviewing all third-party remote access channels and vendor accounts.

Other recommendations include implementing strict network segmentation, enhancing real-time transaction monitoring, conducting continuous threat-hunting activities, carrying out regular penetration testing and red-team exercises, and strengthening employee awareness of phishing attacks and insider threats.

NgCERT further called on banks to regularly test and update their incident response plans to ensure they are equipped to respond effectively to sophisticated ATM cash-out attacks as cyber threats continue to evolve.


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