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PalmPay’s Efforts at Curtailing Cyber Fraud: Two Sides of the Same Coin

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The financial inclusion rate in Nigeria has improved. Since the country adopted an inclusion strategy in 2012, adult Nigerians with a bank account have increased, and now account for more than two-thirds of the financially included.

According to the 2023 Report on Access to Financial Services in Nigeria, financial inclusion continues to expand and has so far been fueled by marginal growth among the country’s banked population and major gains in non-bank formal adoption.

Although approximately 40 million adult Nigerians remain formally excluded, formal financial inclusion was said to have grown from 56% in 2020 to 64% in 2023.

In the last four years, fintech companies in Nigeria have played a vital role in closing this gap, bringing financial services to the country’s unbanked and driving economic growth. Their successes, however, have not come without challenges.

Following the penetration of digital payment platforms in Africa, a fraud epidemic has plagued the fintech ecosystem in Nigeria, with Mobile, Web and POS being the most exploited channels by fraudsters in the country in 2023.

According to the 2023 NIBSS Annual Fraud Landscape report, incidents of “Fraud loss via Internet Banking increased by 325% between 2022 and 2023.”

The rise of digital payment platforms in Nigeria has increased the potential for cyber fraud, with fintech companies now forced to balance between making payment apps user-friendly and prioritising users’ safety to stem increased cyber fraud.

Fintech Side of the Coin

To address the fraud epidemic, the Fintech Association of Nigeria (FintechNGR) plans to unveil a fraud reporting framework sometime this year, while fintech platforms such as PalmPay continue to take the initiative to reevaluate their in-app safety features to protect their users from the activities of fraudsters.

Since launching in Nigeria in 2019 under a Mobile Money Operator (MMO) licence by CBN, PalmPay has grown to over 30 million users as part of its payment ecosystem.

In building a user-friendly app, PalmPay has also sought to foster a secure financial ecosystem by integrating safety features into its app so that the millions of users who transact with the app do so in a safe and trusted environment.

In general, PalmPay employs a closed-loop risk management system that involves continuous monitoring, analysis, and response to fraud threats and allows it to detect and prevent security risks in real-time and reduce the potential impact of fraud.

In particular, to reduce incidents of fraud, protect their users from fraudsters, and provide a safe banking environment, PalmPay binds their users’ phones to the app and has an auto-logout and biometrics feature to confirm users’ identity.

PalmPay Safety Features

Chika Nwosu, Managing Director, PalmPay, said the reason why the fintech platform has witnessed astonishing growth in four years was because “We prioritise the safety and security of our users.” He said they’ve been able to achieve this by “marrying security and safety with the customer experience to create a balance.”

Because it understands that curtailing fraud is a two-way street, PalmPay runs a Wallet Safety Workshop to teach users of its app and POS machines various security topics covering payment security and common security issues in daily life, such as password management, fraud detection, phishing and risk identification.

The safety workshop underscores PalmPay’s understanding of user security as an important part of curtailing fraud and encourages its users to ensure that they always secure their wallets using the several built-in safety features in its app.

A recent example was a series of campaigns encouraging its users to link their wallets with their BVN or NIN, following the directive by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for users of fintech platforms to link their wallets with their BVN or NIN.

To encourage the users to meet the CBN deadline of January 31, 2024, PalmPay introduced an incentive payment system where up to N500 was paid to users who got ahead of the deadline and validated their wallet information.

PalmPay users have several options for protecting themselves against fraudsters such as the two-factor verification process that makes it difficult for fraudsters to gain access to users’ apps without spooking them.  In the first half of 2023, millions of users linked their secure email addresses to their PalmPay app. With this feature, PalmPay users effortlessly receive OTPs for their in-app login.

The PalmPay app has a device management feature that allows users to manage trusted devices and remove untrusted devices. When logging in on an untrusted device, users complete a comprehensive security verification process that involves inputting an OTP and their PIN to ensure security.

Role of PalmPay Users

While fintech companies play a role in protecting users from cyber fraud, the rising fraud incidents in Nigeria can sometimes be due to poor digital and financial literacy, but most especially the failure of many victims to report an attack.

In a report last year, Temitayo Oduwole, Head of IT and Payments, PalmPay, observed that customers do not take prompt action in incidents of fraud and that “Only 33 per cent report the same day or take the necessary right action on the same day.”

Effective investigation into incidents of fraud begins when the user reports to their bank that fraud has occurred. However, fraud, if not reported within the hour the crime occurred, allows criminals to move the stolen funds to ‘safe’ places.

Precaution remains the best remedy to protect oneself from cyber fraud. Anti-fraud expert Tosin Adenekan warned fintech users against trusting strangers with their personal information when performing digital transactions.

According to Mrs Adenekan, “Users of fintech platforms owe it to themselves to follow standard safety precautions to avoid being defrauded by cyber criminals.

“Do not allow strangers such as POS operators to handle personal ATM cards. This is because cybercriminals often posing as helpful POS operators can exploit this to observe PIN entries and distract card owners, ultimately swapping ATM cards.”

She urged fintech users to “take steps to reduce incidents of fraud on their wallets by creating strong passwords, enabling the two-factor authentication features on their fintech app, monitoring their wallets for unauthorised transactions, and protecting their personal login information when in public from prying eyes.”

Other steps to take include “regularly updating their apps, setting limits for their wallets, staying alert for phishing attempts, getting the proper financial education, using secure internet connection, being aware of pop-ups and fraudulent emails, and ensuring that operating systems and internet connections are up to date.”

To prevent falling victim to cyber fraud, Mrs Adenekan urged fintech users to adhere to these safety guidelines and “don’t trust everything on the internet.”


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E-Financial

CAC Issues Guidelines for Banks Recapitalisation, Merger

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The Corporate Affairs Commission has issued fresh guidelines to assist Deposit Money Banks in the ongoing recapitalisation. The commission, in a statement signed by its management and posted on its Facebook account on Friday, said the new directive is pursuant to its powers under Section 8 (1) (e) of the Companies and Allied Matters Act No. 3 of 2020, stressing immediate adherence to the policy.

It said the new guidelines were issued to guide proper filing for new incorporations, increase in share capitals, mergers and upgrade or downgrade of licence authorisation.

For new incorporations, the CAC stated that intending applicants must submit necessary requirements including, “An approved name reservation or availability, approval-in-principle from sector regulator, duly completed on-line incorporation form and payment of stamp duty and filing fees for the category of license authorisation.”

It added that a certificate of incorporation shall be issued within 24 hours for applications that satisfy all requirements for incorporation of companies prescribed in the, “Commission’s operations checklists available at www.cac.gov.ng/resources.”

Also, banking institutions seeking to increase their share capital through private placements, rights issues and/or offers for subscription must submit a duly signed company resolution, return of allotment and other statutory declaration by directors verifying that the issued share capital is fully paid- up

Other requirements include, “Notice of the fact that regulatory approval is required, an affidavit deposed to by a director of the company to the effect that regulatory approval is required for the increase, an amended memorandum of association reflecting the new share capital.

“Payment of stamp duties and filing fees, Issuance of a letter acknowledging notice of increase and requirement of regulatory approval, filing of regulatory approval and the issuance of a certificate of increase.”

Under this category, the commission warned that the notice of the fact that regulatory approval is required must be filed in accordance with the provisions of Section 127 (3), (4) & (5) of CAMA.

“Annual returns and information on persons with significant control must be filed up-to-date and certificate of increase shall be issued within 24 hours of filing of regulatory approval,” it said.

Similarly, small and medium banking institutions seeking to merge must submit duly signed special resolution for merger by each of the merging companies.

Other requirements are “the scheme of merger duly approved by the Securities and Exchange Commission.

“A certified true copy of court order authorising Extraordinary General Meeting of each of the merging companies. Evidence of publication of court ordered meeting in two newspapers and the Federal Gazette and a CTC of Court order sanctioning the Scheme of Merger.

“All enquiries and complaints on these guidelines and applications submitted in pursuance of the recapitalisation exercise should be addressed to [email protected] or call +234 816 920 9551,” the statement added.

Recall that the Central Bank of Nigeria in March 2024 directed all banks to increase their capital base for improved productivity.

The apex bank had directed commercial banks with international authorisation to increase their capital base to N500bn and national banks to N200bn.

It also said commercial banks with national licences must meet a N200bn threshold, while those with regional authorisation are expected to achieve a N50bn capital floor.

This process has commenced fully with banks issuing public offers and rights issues to meet the two-year target.


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Moniepoint Strengthens Efforts to Broaden Financial Access Through Collaborative Initiatives

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Moniepoint Inc, Africa’s fastest growing financial institution according to the Financial Times has underscored the importance of a collaborative and holistic stakeholder approach in advancing the future of financial and economic inclusion in Nigeria.

In a recent high-level policy dialogue between the Nigerian government and private sector stakeholders held in Washington DC, Moniepoint Inc’s Group CEO and Co-Founder, Tosin Eniolorunda emphasized the importance of public-private collaborations in addressing trust issues that have slowed down the adoption of innovative fintech solutions for economic and financial inclusion.

“Moniepoint has long championed the importance of financial inclusion and financial happiness. Building trust with the public and government, improving business and consumer access to the financial system are critical issues that are aligned to our philosophy.

“As testament to our commitment, we recently launched a landmark report investigating Nigeria’s informal economy, highlighting opportunities to widen financial inclusion to historically underserved communities.

“The outputs from this strategic gathering will go a long way in bolstering Nigeria’s economy even as closer linkages are formed from public-private collaboration which will be a huge boost to the overall development and competitiveness of the larger financial services industry,” Eniolorunda said.

The event, which brought together government officials, regulators, law enforcement agencies, and fintech industry leaders at George Washington University, aimed to leverage innovative approaches to drive a sustainable and inclusive financial system in Nigeria.

Vice President Kashim Shettima, addressing the gathering via video conference, highlighted the urgent need for financial innovation to drive Nigeria’s economic and financial inclusion agenda. This aligns with President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s administration’s commitment to bringing over 30 million unbanked Nigerians into the formal financial sector as part of the Renewed Hope Agenda.

“We must develop a sustainable collaboration approach that will facilitate the adoption of inclusive payment to achieve our objective of economic and financial inclusion,” Vice President Shettima stated.

The dialogue focused on addressing critical challenges in Nigeria’s fintech ecosystem, including regulatory oversight, security concerns, and trust issues that have hindered the widespread adoption of innovative financial solutions. Participants explored strategies to enhance interagency collaboration and strengthen the overall effectiveness of the financial services sector.

Philip Ikeazor, Deputy Governor of the Central Bank of Nigeria responsible for Financial System Stability, emphasized the need for ongoing collaboration among all stakeholders to meet the goals of the Aso Accord on Economic and Financial Inclusion.

Kashifu Inuwa Abdullahi, Director General of the National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA), advocated for “a digital-first approach and the fusion of digital literacy with financial literacy to address trust issues affecting the inclusive payment ecosystem.”

Dr. Nurudeen Zauro, Technical Advisor to the President on Economic and Financial Inclusion, explained that the gathering aims to evolve into a mechanism providing relevant information to the Office of the Vice President, facilitating effective decision-making for economic and financial inclusion.

The event resulted in various recommendations covering rules, infrastructure, and coordination, with a focus on implementable actions and clear accountabilities. As discussions continue, Moniepoint remains dedicated to leveraging its expertise and technology to support the government’s financial inclusion goals and create a more financially inclusive society for all Nigerians.

Other notable speakers included Inspector General of Police Mr. Kayode Egbetokun, Executive Director of the Center for Curriculum Development and Learning (CCDL) at George Washington University Professor Pape Cisse, Assistant Vice President at Merrill Lynch Wealth Management Mr. Reginald Emordi, Regional Director for Africa at the Center for International Private Enterprise (CIPE) Mr. Lars Benson, and United States Congresswoman representing Florida’s 20th congressional district, The Honorable Sheila Cherfilus-McCormick, Prof Olayinka David-West from the Lagos Business School among others.


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We Banks Told to Transfer Dormant Accounts to Us to Prevent Fraud – CBN

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Olayemi Cardoso, governor, Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), has explained that it ordered banks to transfer all dormant accounts and unclaimed balances to a specialized account to prevent fraud.

We Banks Told to Transfer Dormant Accounts to Us to Prevent Fraud – CBN

Olayemi Cardoso, governor, Central Bank of Nigeria

Cardoso disclosed this on Tuesday while briefing Journalists at the end of the two-day 296th Monetary Policy Committee Meeting in Abuja.

Recall that the Apex Bank issued new guidelines last week to the bank regarding dormant accounts which said it would create and manage an account called the “Unclaimed Balances Trust Fund (UBTF) Pool Account” to warehouse unclaimed balances.

Proffering further insights into the policy, the bank’s chief said dormant and unclaimed balances are more susceptible to fraudulent activities.

He stated, “Concerning dormant accounts, what I found personally is if you leave accounts dormant in banks, sometimes more than when you don’t leave them dormant in banks. Most times, they are more susceptible to fraudsters copying your identity and trying to gain hold of the system to grab your money. So, that is a problem I think most money banks face”

He noted that policy directive on dormant accounts and unclaimed balances is meant to ensure that the funds come to the Central Bank for safekeeping and zero cost for beneficiaries.

“The policy and the directive are meant to ensure that all those monies come to the Central Bank for safekeeping and it is at zero cost to the beneficiaries. All that will happen is that the central bank will manage the money within our possession and when the rightful owner surfaces, the money is returned plus whatever income is accrued to you.”

Meanwhile, CBN according to the reviewed policy exempted dormant and unclaimed accounts that are less than 10 years old and under limitation.

 

 

 


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