Telecommunications service providers in the country have severally be lamenting on high cost of providing service, which they claimed is adversely affecting their ability to deliver quality of service as well as meet up with their social responsibilities.
For instance, compared to other developing economies, operators in the country are faced with multiple taxes by different tiers of government, provision of power as well as transmission infrastructure that are none existence. In most developing countries such as Egypt, South Africa, Ghana among others these challenges are not faced by telecom operators in these countries. But the most common challenge that operators around the world are faced with is duplications of infrastructure, where each operator has to deploy the same infrastructure its older competitor has deployed thereby wasting the resources as against sharing such infrastructure for better performance.
Against this backdrop that the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) published a report detailing a set of regulatory strategies designed to lower the costs of telecoms network rollout. The report notes that 2008 has been marked by unparalleled numbers of voice and Internet consumers in both the developing and developed world, the result of which is network growth and expansion.
Options available
This year the report added, has also witnessed an unparalleled global financial crisis which may make it more difficult for investors to obtain financing for continuing network development. Sharing strategies, examined in the new ITU report, are seen as conducive for infrastructure development in the telecommunications/ICT sector, particularly in light of the deepening global financial crisis.
Sami Al Basheer, director of ITU’s Telecommunication Development Bureau, said that sharing strategies are increasingly necessary to ensure that operators can deploy their networks at low cost while guaranteeing that consumers have access to affordable services. "Now, more than ever, sharing strategies make sense as operators are forced to reduce the costs of network deployment as they compete for scarce investment funds. This is a forward-looking perspective in light of the current financial and economic uncertainty," he said.
Sharing strategies he said include the sharing of civil engineering costs in deploying networks, promoting open access to network support infrastructure (poles, ducts, conduits), essential facilities (submarine cable landing stations and international gateways) as well as access to radio-frequency spectrum and end-user devices.
The "Six Degrees of Sharing" theme was first discussed in Thailand during ITU’s 2008 Global Symposium for Regulators last March. Few observers could then have anticipated the rough ride that would be in store for financial markets a few months down the road.
Yet, the guidelines announced in March seem almost prophetic in today’s circumstances. Taking a broad and innovative view of sharing, the world’s regulators sought to capture the productivity of global networks and use it to expand the scope of opportunities for service and content providers and, ultimately, consumers.
Developing countries embraced sharing to make more affordable the expansion of ICT networks to rural and under-served areas. Many developed countries are looking at sharing to reduce the cost of rolling out ultra high-speed broadband networks that reach customers’ homes and apartment buildings.
"Sound business and regulatory practices will contribute to extracting the greatest possible value from existing levels of investment in the telecommunication and ICT sectors. ITU is committed to working with member States and to assist regulators in marshalling the regulatory expertise they need to navigate these rough seas," said Al Basheer.
The booming volume of digital bits generated by the move to convergence and packet-switching has produced a need for increased network capacity. Regulators have a responsibility to create and maintain an environment in which operators and service providers can maximize network capacity and efficiency by fostering capital investment and market expansion as the sector continues to evolve.
The report highlighted that mobile penetration showed high growth rates through 2008. It noted that by year end, mobile networks and subscribers will rise to an all time high, reaching an estimated 4 billion mobile subscribers worldwide. The world it said also counts over 1.5 billion Internet users, a growing number of which use fixed and mobile broadband services. Dial-up is being replaced by broadband across developed and developing countries alike. ITU noted that in developing countries such as Chile, Senegal and Turkey, broadband subscribers represent over 90 per cent of all Internet subscribers.
A growing array of broadband wireless systems are now available, opening the way for users in developing countries to access the Internet on mobile phones and other handheld devices. At the same time, more developing countries are deploying national fibre backbones and backhaul networks to transport their growing data-rich traffic. In addition, several new international submarine cable networks are set to connect developing countries to the global network of Internet backbones – just as a group of high-tech entrepreneurs are working to revive plans for a constellation of broadband satellites to connect the developing world. The Trends report catalogues efforts by governments, and in particular ICT regulators, operators and service providers to expand the reach of affordable broadband services and meeting universal access goals.
How to grow the sector
What had been foreseen as ideal strategies to extend broadband network access in developing markets may now be viewed as a prescription for the entire world. If the sources of capital for network investment suffer a temporary drought, policy-makers could take steps to make their markets more amenable to the shrinking pool of investment, such as lower investment barriers that inhibit capital flows from one country to another.
Reduce of regulatory barriers (high licence fees or market-entry bans) that represent hostile environments for capital investment and market growth.
Share essential facilities, such as cable landing stations, local switching centres or fibre backbone networks.
Adopt rules to provide for infrastructure sharing, particularly "passive" sharing of towers, ducts, rights-of-way and other support facilities.
Overhaul and streamline cross-agency processes to create a ‘one-stop shop’ for various network-related authorizations, such as land management, port access, environmental and safety permits.
Add innovative spectrum management mechanisms that promote increased sharing and efficient use of spectrum.
Amend regulatory frameworks to eliminate discriminatory rules that favour one company or industry over another in a converged services market
Ensure that government policies and rules maximize the ability of incumbents and market entrants to choose between different opportunities for business plans and long-term strategies, including resale, wholesale, and niche markets.
Most of these initiatives are beginning to take root in the country’s telecommunications space, before now, idea of co-location of infrastructure was strongly opposed by operators who were fighting over subscribers, but, when the cost of providing service kept rising as well as intervention by Nigerian Communications Commission that began enlightenment of operators on the need to co-locate that they started adopting the option. Today, there are over 1000 co-located sites in the industry.
This also provided opportunity for investment as some investors have begun to build and operate cellular site for operators to co-locate. Notable among them are Infrastructure Hi-Tech Services (IHS), Hilios Towers, among others.
Mr. Gbenga Onakomaiya, chief commercial officer, IHS, said that the idea of building and managing of sites for mobile operators is to take off the problems being faced by operators in managing sites such as youth restiveness, generator theft and taxes.
He explained that an operator in the country spends average of $6,000 per month to maintain a site, but with co-location option such operator spends $2,000 per month. This according to him is cost effective as well as big relief for them. “Initially, everybody wanted to provide services by themselves but now they are seeing the economic sense as sites are growing, and maintenance is becoming big financial burden. They need to focus their attention to their core business of running the network,” he said.
Although NCC has been advocating for sharing of infrastructure as a faster way of expanding network roll out especially in underserved areas, and has expressed it readiness to monitor the implementation of the option by operator by next year. This ITU report is seen as a desired encouragement to some operators whose parent company may not be favourably disposed to it.
Industry watchers who spoke to Nigeria CommunicationsWeek expressed worry over implementation of sharing of infrastructure. They argued that as operators are encourage by every means to share infrastructure, measures should be put in place to address vandalisation which is likely to have adverse effect on service delivery. They explained that if a shared infrastructure is vandalised, it will affect all the networks sharing that infrastructure.