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Uwaleke, ACMAN Boss Urges CBN to Set Up Whistle-Blower System

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Uche Uwaleke, president, Association of Capital Market Academics of Nigeria (ACMAN) has urged the  Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to set up a whistle-blower system to assist in its implementation of recent guidelines and policies.

Uwaleke, ACMAN Boss Urges CBN to Set Up Whistle-Blower System

Uwaleke, also a renowned Professor of Capital Market, gave the advice at a media briefing on recent financial stability measures taken by the CBN and their likely impact on the nation’s capital market.

According to Uwaleke, aside the raft of COVID-19 interventions through the banking system which require close monitoring, the financial sector has recently witnessed a number of measures by the CBN designed to stabilize it and possibly insulate it from the negative impact of the pandemic.

“These include the Global Standing Instruction designed in part to reduce the Non-Performing Loans in the banking industry as well as measures that directly impact the liquidity in the forex market’.

“In order to contextualize the CBN’s recent measures regarding forex, it is pertinent to realize that the Q2 2020 negative growth in real GDP, high inflation rate, increase in inflation and downturn in virtually all macro indicators are all partly attributed to scarcity of forex following collapse in oil price since oil revenue accounts for over 90% of our forex receipts. This precarious supply situation is excercebated by spurious demand for forex, activities of speculators and sharp practices. So, the CBN is faced with a double Whammy sort of situation’.

He listed part of the sharp practices which exert pressure in the forex market as the over-invoicing of products imported into the country due to the activities of middle men arguing that, requiring banks to raise Form-M only in favour of a supplier as opposed to routing payments for imports through agents will go a long way in reducing the pressure in the forex market especially if the product price verification mechanism the CBN is putting in place is effectively implemented.

He equally commended the directive by the CBN to Exporters to ensure that all export proceeds are repatriated as a measure capable of boosting forex supply if complied with. He urged the CBN not to hesitate to apply sanctions on violators to serve as deterrent. According to him, ‘this is the time for the apex bank to wield the big stick, not mere slap on the wrist, on any Deposit Money Bank that flouts the Form-M order regarding third parties’.

‘I have not stopped wondering where people who hawk forex in the black market get their hard currencies. The CBN should device means of checking round tripping to ensure that the banks are not diverting forex to the parallel market. Ditto for BDCs especially now that the Bank has announced plans to resume sale of forex to the BDCs’

Uwaleke believes that improved liquidity in the forex market will rub-off positively on the capital market but thinks that the real challenge now is how to ensure that these laudable measures are not circumvented thereby defeating the purpose for which they were put in place. He therefore urged the CBN to put in place a comprehensive Whistle-Blower System to support the effective execution of these measures.

On the proposed WBS, he goes on to explain: ‘’I am not referring to the one set up by the Federal Ministry of Finance some time ago. I am also aware of the Whistle-Blower policy statement contained in Section 5 of the CBN Revised Code of Corporate Governance for Banks and Discount Houses which requires banks to have a whistle-blowing policy that contain mechanisms, including assurance of confidentiality, that encourage employees and stakeholders to report any unethical activity to the bank or the CBN. Again, the comprehensive WBS is different from the Customer complaints mechanism handled by the Consumer Protection department of the apex Bank.

‘I am talking about a facility that allows customers, shareholders, NGOs and other members of the public, who may not be stakeholders of a bank, to report to the CBN any observed wrongdoing by a bank or non-bank financial Institution akin to the whistle-blower policy of the South African Reserve Bank. Through this system, the public can report any alleged violation of the guidelines or directives of the CBN especially in relation to forex. It goes without saying that whistle-blowers who inform regulators of suspected instances of infractions, especially at this time, can be a vital source of information to support regulation against sharp practices’.

Uwaleke is convinced that following the example of South Africa, the WBS will help rein-in misconduct in Nigeria’s financial markets. ‘Whether this should involve monetary incentives to individuals who come forward to report possible violations is left for the CBN to figure out’ he noted.

 

 

 

 

 

 


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E-Financial

Flutterwave Dismisses Reported $75m Investment by FG

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Flutterwave has distanced itself from reports claiming the federal government has approved a $75 million investment in the company as a precursor to a public listing.

In a statement, Flutterwave dismissed the reports as “inaccurate,” specifically refuting claims that it is on the verge of a $250 million Initial Public Offering (IPO).

The denial follows a flurry of local media reports on Monday, sparked in part by a now-deleted social media post from a special assistant to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu.

Flutterwave has said it has no knowledge of a reported $75 million investment by Nigeria’s federal government, pushing back against local media reports that suggested the deal had been approved as part of the company’s path toward a public listing.

Earlier reports on Monday, including a now-deleted tweet from a special assistant to President Bola Ahmed Tinubu, stated that the president had authorised an investment of $75 million in the payments company through the Ministry of Finance Incorporated (MoFI).

Flutterwave’s spokesperson clarified the company’s position stating that, “Flutterwave is not in any way close to an IPO, and they have made no announcements regarding a listing or fundraising tied to an IPO as described.”

The confusion highlights the intense scrutiny surrounding the unicorn, which was valued at over $3 billion during its 2022 funding round.

While Flutterwave has long been touted as the torchbearer for African tech on the global public stage, the company appears to have pivoted toward a more conservative timeline.

The reports also indicated that the startup was preparing to raise up to $250 million in an initial public offering.

 


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CitiTrust Heads to Appeal Court over Alleged Ponzi Scheme

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CitiTrust Financial Services Limited, the parent company of Osun-partly owned LivingTrust Mortgage Bank, has approached the Court of Appeal sitting in Lagos,  following the company’s conviction at the Federal High Court, Lagos, over alleged fraud and illegal financial operations.

CitiTrust Heads to Appeal Court over Alleged Ponzi Scheme

CitiTrust, is challenging the conviction and asset forfeiture order handed down by the Court in the case brought the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC).

EFCC accused it of money laundering, illegal financial operations, and operating a Ponzi scheme.

Federal High Court, had ordered the forfeiture of the firm’s assets to the federal government of Nigeria, citing evidence of unlawful financial activities.

CitiTrust is fighting back according to the hearing notice No. CA/L/571/2025, issued on April 15, 2026, the appeal against the federal government, will be heard at the Court of Appeal complex in Tafawa Balewa Square, Lagos.

The matter, listed before Court 1, will first address a motion by the appellants seeking leave to file their appeal out of time.

Oyetola Muyiwa Atoyebi (SAN), counsel to the appellants, in a motion dated September 23, 2025, argued that procedural delays necessitated the application.

He explained that although the Record of Appeal was transmitted on May 26, 2025, the defence could not file its Brief of Argument within the stipulated 45 days due to time constraints and competing professional obligations.

Atoyebi further noted that the appellants’ brief exceeds the 35-page limit prescribed under the Court of Appeal Rules, 2021, by three pages, requiring the court’s permission for its adoption.

The appellants are therefore seeking the leave of the court to file and serve their Brief of Argument out of time, an order extending the time for filing, and an order deeming the already filed brief as properly filed.

The EFCC had earlier secured a conviction against CitiTrust and its subsidiaries, CitiTrust Asset Management Limited and CitiTrust Holding Plc, over alleged fraudulent financial operations.

It would be recalled that in a ruling delivered by Justice Friday Nemakonam Ogazi of the Federal High Court, Lagos, the judge held that there was overwhelming evidence linking the firms to unlawful activities.

The court found that one of the entities was not duly registered with regulatory authorities, including the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), describing the operations as illegal despite corporate registration.

Relying on Section 12 of the Proceeds of Crime (Recovery and Management) Act, 2022, the court ruled that the EFCC had established, on a balance of probabilities, that the assets were proceeds of unlawful activity.

Justice Ogazi also invoked provisions of the Advance Fee Fraud and Other Fraud Related Offences Act and the Companies and Allied Matters Act (CAMA), holding that the corporate veil could be lifted where fraud is alleged.

“The law is that when issues of fraud arise, the corporate veil must be lifted. Statutory provisions cannot be used as a refuge to justify illegality,” the court held.

The court subsequently ordered the final forfeiture of CitiTrust-linked assets, forfeiture of shares held in LivingTrust Mortgage Bank Plc, compensation of investors from recovered funds, and transfer of any balance to the Federal Government.

The anti-graft agency had also declared some executive directors of the firm wanted, alleging that they are currently on the run.


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Court Suspends Enforcement of FCCPC’s Reform on Loan Apps

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Federal court in Lagos has suspended the enforcement of Nigeria’s most comprehensive framework for regulating digital lending apps.

Court Suspends Enforcement of FCCPC’s Reform on Loan Apps

On April 15, Justice Ambrose Lewis-Allagoa of the Federal High Court in Lagos granted an interim injunction blocking the enforcement of the Digital, Electronic, Online, or Non-Traditional Consumer Lending Regulations 2025, better known as the DEON Regulations.

The order followed an urgent ex parte application filed the previous day by the Wireless Application Service Providers Association of Nigeria (WASPA Nigeria), the industry body representing wireless application service providers operating mainly within the telecoms ecosystem.

The suit targets twelve specific provisions of the text, covering licensing, sanctions, compliance obligations and data-handling rules, according to court documentation published by Lawyard.

Until the next hearing on April 27, 2026, the regulator cannot impose sanctions, enforce compliance directives, or issue new instructions to WASPA members.

The judge also barred the Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission (FCCPC) from interfering with the ongoing commercial operations of association members.

The case pits two actors whose respective mandates the Nigerian legal framework has never clearly separated.

On one side stands the FCCPC — the federal agency established in 2018 to enforce consumer protection and competition — which gazetted the DEON Regulations on July 21, 2025, under sections 17, 18 and 163 of its founding Act.

In a press statement dated September 3, 2025, Tunji Bello, executive vice chairman, FCCPC,  justified the rules by citing “a long history of complaints” involving exploitative practices, data breaches, abusive debt recovery, and harassment.

On the other side, WASPA Nigeria contests the very legitimacy of the FCCPC’s intervention, arguing that services tied to telecoms — airtime credit, data loans, mobile-financing products — fall exclusively under the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC), the telecoms regulator created by the Nigerian Communications Act of 2003.

In the affidavit deposed by Ayo Stuffman, the association contends that the FCCPC is acting ultra vires and creating a regulatory regime parallel to the NCC’s.

A jurisdictional war that stretches far beyond a procedural dispute

The conflict is not limited to a question of legal boundaries. It strikes at the commercial core of the market: who collects the licensing fees, who sets the operational conditions, who governs the financial products embedded in telecom networks.

Nigeria’s consumer credit stock reached 3.82 trillion naira at the end of December 2024, up 21.27% on September, according to Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) data relayed by The Cable and AFP.

In the fourth quarter of 2024 alone, personal loans disbursed amounted to approximately 470 billion naira.

A growing share flows through mobile applications and telecom-embedded lending products — including MTN’s MoMo Airtime Lending, operated by the country’s largest telecom operator.

If the court validates WASPA’s position, these products fall outside the FCCPC’s scope and come under the sole authority of the NCC, a regulator historically less active on consumer protection issues.

Available data on demand illustrate the social stakes. Between 2021 and 2023, the FCCPC recorded more than 11,000 consumer complaints for harassment, data abuse and unethical debt recovery practices, according to the agency.

The number of lending applications approved by the FCCPC rose from 269 in September 2024 to 408 in March 2025, while 47 apps were delisted and 88 were placed on the watchlist, according to data compiled by AFP and OneSafe.

The DEON Regulations were meant to introduce interest-rate caps, precontractual disclosure obligations, continuous supervision of recovery practices and fines of up to 100 million naira per violation, according to Legit.ng. The compliance deadline was set for January 5, 2026, and the FCCPC had issued written compliance notices to operators with an April 16 deadline, according to WASPA’s affidavit.

It is precisely this enforcement pressure that triggered the legal challenge.

 

 


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