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Zenith Bank Slammed with ₦85m Fine for Freezing Account on Invalid Court Order

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A High Court in Abuja has awarded a fine of N85 million against Zenith Bank Plc for freezing a customer’s bank account by relying on an invalid court order.

Justice S. U. Bature, in a judgment, also ordered the bank to immediately unfreeze the account domicile in its branch at 63, Usuma Street, Maitama, opposite Transcorp Hilton Hotel, Abuja.

Justice Bature directed the bank to publish a public apology to the customer, Abhulimen & Co, in two national newspapers and on its website.

The judge held that the bank acted on an invalid order made by a Magistrate Court that lacked the requisite jurisdiction.

Justice Bature further held that the decision of the bank and the Nigeria Police Force (NPF), the 2nd defendant in the suit, to freeze the customer’s account, based on a supposed order by the Magistrate Court, without notifying the said customer, was illogical and a betrayal of the banker-customers’ relationship between parties.

The judge said it was unfortunate that a major financial institution like Zenith Bank, with a Legal Department, supposedly manned by lawyers, would claim to have acted based on an invalid order by a Magistrate Court that lacked the jurisdiction to entertain any banking related case, including issuing orders for the freezing of a bank account.

The judgement was delivered on July 16 but its certified true copy (CTC) made available to newsmen on Thursday in Abuja.

Paulyn O. Abhulimen, SAN, trading under the name and style of Abhulimen & Co, had, in the suit marked: FCT/HC/CV/2194/2024, sued the Zenith Bank and NPF as 1st and 2nd defendants.

Abhulimen sued through the law firm of Kehinde & Partners LP, claiming that, in early 2024, after being unable to access the account of her firm, Abhulimen & Co, and make transactions with it, she discovered that the bank placed a post-no-debt (PND) on it.

She claimed to have subsequently contacted an official of the bank, who is in charge of the account, Obi Okafor.

She said Okafor told her about the development, following which the bank, in March 13, 2024 claimed to have frozen the account based on an order obtained by the NPF from a Chief Magistrates Court in Mararaba Gurku, Nasarawa State.

Delivering the judgment, Justice Bature said: “The said account was opened at the first defendant’s (Zenith Bank’s) Transcorp Hilton branch, here in Abuja, and the 2nd defendant (NPF) is also domiciled in Abuja.

“The rationale behind seeking the said order at a Magistrate Court under the Nasarawa State jurisdiction cannot be understood, and the 2nd defendant did not appear, to be able to give any explanation or reason as to why they decided to follow this line of action.

“The said Magistrate Court lacked the territorial jurisdiction to entertain the application.

“Regarding the substantive jurisdiction of the court to make the order, it is clear from the provisions of Section 251 of the Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (1999 as amended), that matters relating to banks and banking transactions are within the exclusive jurisdiction of the Federal High Court, and matters relating to banker-customer disputes are jointly under the jurisdiction of the Federal High Court, State High Courts and High Court of the FCT,” Justice Bature said.

According to the judge, from the foregoing, it is clear that Magistrate Courts lack the jurisdiction to entertain an application for an order to freeze a bank account of a person, and should not have entertained the said application in its entirety.

“The legal department of the first defendant (Zenith Bank), being lawyers, should have been aware of this position of the law and taken the appropriate action in this situation, as they ought not to have obeyed the court order in the first place.

“Thus, the 1st defendant was wrong to have placed a PND on the account of the claimant based on the order of a court lacking the requisite jurisdiction to do so. I so hold,” the judge held.

The judge faulted the failure of the bank to inform the claimant about its decision to freeze her company’s account, describing it as a breach of the duty of care it owed to its customers.

Justice Bature said: “It is the humble opinion of this honourable court that, the first defendant owed the claimant a duty of care of duly informing her that her account had been frozen.

“The 1st defendant placed a post-no-debit on the account of the claimant’s firm, but same was not communicated to the claimant until she encountered difficulties in the use of the said account.

“It is the humble opinion of this honourable court that, the 1st defendant owed the claimant a duty of care of duly informing her that her account had been frozen

“The failure of the 1st defendant to inform the claimant of the state of affairs on her account amounts to negligence on the part of the 1st defendant and hence, a breach of duty of care and due diligence owed to the claimant. I so hold,” Justice Bature said.

Having found that the bank and the NPF acted unlawfully, the judge proceeded to declare among others, that an order to freeze a bank account cannot validly be granted ex-parte to last indefinitely.

He also declared that the Chief Magistrate Court of Nasarawa State, sitting at Mararaba Gurku, lacked the requisite jurisdiction to make an order to freeze the claimant’s Zenith Bank Plc’s account number: 1012272348, based on an ex-parte application.

“The defendants are hereby ordered to jointly and severally pay the sum of N60 million to the claimant as general damages for the embarrassment, psychological trauma, financial distress, emotional stress and grave inconveniences suffered by the claimant due to the defendants’ actions.

“The defendants are hereby ordered to jointly and severally pay the sum of N25 million to the claimant as cost of this action,” Justice Bature declared.

 


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Ugo Onwuaso is an ICT enthusiast. He believes technology should be used for general good. He holds a Master of Public Administration (MPA) degree from the Lagos state University. Dear Reader, Your support matters. But we believe that technology makes life more exciting and helps improve the lives of people around Nigeria and indeed the world. That is why, we have devoted our energy to independent reportage of technology and finance and how they affect lives. Our incisive and analytical view of how technology news affects the daily life help individuals and organizations make up their minds. Quality journalism costs money. Today, we're asking that you support us to do more. Kindly support our effort to deliver technology and finance journalism to everyone in the world. Donate as little as N1,000. Bank transfers can be made to: UBA Plc 1017156876 Communication Week Media Ltd

E-Financial

Flutterwave, iPaylinks Partner on Africa–Asia Payments

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Flutterwave has struck a game-changing partnership with iPaylinks, East Asia’s respected payment platform, to break down barriers in Africa–Asia trade.

Olugbenga Agboola, founder and CEO of Flutterwave, has celebrated the collaboration as a major step towards delivering fast, secure, and seamless payments that make cross-border business as simple as buying locally.

He stressed that the fast-expanding Africa-Asia trade corridor presents vast opportunities but also long-standing challenges ranging from complex local bank integrations and currency risks to slow settlements that strain exporters’ cash flow.

Agboola emphasised that iPaylinks, which provides tailored global payment solutions for Asian enterprises, chose Flutterwave to overcome these hurdles and simplify trade.

“With Flutterwave’s Virtual Accounts, iPaylinks’ customers can now collect payments from African buyers in local currency just like a domestic transaction, and get settlement quickly, with no hidden fees.

Payments are more than just transactions, they’re connections. Together with iPaylinks, we’re removing the barriers that have slowed trade between Africa and Asia,” he said.

Flutterwave’s single API integration allows iPaylinks to avoid the complexity of setting up multiple bank accounts across Africa, while ensuring regulatory compliance and security.

Through Virtual Accounts, Asian exporters receive payments in local African currencies, which are then seamlessly converted and settled in their preferred major currencies such as the US dollar.

The partnership promises faster settlement cycles, within one to two days, ensuring exporters maintain healthy cash flow while importers enjoy a frictionless, trusted local payment experience. iPaylinks clients can also count on transparent pricing and competitive FX rates.

For African importers, the process feels familiar as it makes a standard local bank transfer to their Asian suppliers’ assigned virtual account. For exporters, it eliminates treasury risks and accelerates trade confidence.

“This collaboration is a game-changer for B2B trade across continents. We are committed to powering the businesses that power economies, because when trade flows, growth follows,” said Agboola.

The Flutterwave CEO underlined that as one of Africa’s regulated fintech companies with operations across multiple countries, the unicorn continues to position itself as the go-to partner for global enterprises, marketplaces, and payment companies seeking to unlock opportunities in Africa’s $4 trillion trade economy.


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E-Financial

UBA Secures N5Bn BoI Fund to Boost Women Entrepreneurs, Others

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United Bank for Africa (UBA) Plc has secured a N5 billion loan facility from the Bank of Industry (BOI) to strengthen Nigeria’s micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs), with a special focus on women-owned businesses and key growth sectors.

UBA Secures N5Bn BoI Fund to Boost Women Entrepreneurs, Others

 Oliver Alawuba, GMD, UBA

The fund, drawn from the Federal Government’s MSME Fund, is designed to boost economic activity by providing affordable financing to entrepreneurs in Green Energy, Education, Healthcare and Women-Led Enterprises.

Oliver Alawuba, group managing director/chief executive officer, UBA, said the bank remains committed to removing the financial hurdles that stifle small businesses. He noted that MSMEs form the backbone of any developing economy and must be supported to thrive.

“At UBA, we recognise the pivotal role MSMEs play in driving economic development. By offering loans at a competitive 9% interest rate with a three-year tenor, we are creating opportunities for businesses to scale. Our message to entrepreneurs is clear: don’t let this opportunity pass you by,” Alawuba stated.

Under the scheme, entrepreneurs can access up to N5 million each, with a three-month moratorium on principal repayment to allow businesses stabilise before repayment begins.

Shamsideen Fashola, group head of Retail and Digital Banking,  UBA,  described the initiative as a strategic intervention to drive financial inclusion and long-term development.

“This programme is targeted at sectors that are central to Nigeria’s sustainable growth. By providing affordable funding to these businesses, we expect to see expansion, job creation and stronger contributions to the economy,” Fashola said.

Also speaking, Alero Ladipo, group head of Marketing and Corporate Communications, UBA,  stressed the importance of the initiative for women entrepreneurs in particular.

“What sets this scheme apart is its accessibility and business-friendly terms. We urge eligible businesses, especially women-owned enterprises, to take advantage of this window by visiting any UBA branch or applying online,” she said.

UBA, one of Africa’s largest financial institutions, operates in 20 African countries and major global financial centres including the UK, USA, France and the UAE.

The bank serves over 45 million customers worldwide and employs more than 25,000 people across its network.

 

 


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CBN Releases Bank Customers’ Bill of Rights, Obligations

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Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has released Bank Customers’ Bill of Rights and obligations to the public giving customers the right to be informed, right to choose, right to safety, right to privacy and confidentiality, and the right to redress.

CBN Releases Bank Customers’ Bill of Rights, Obligations

The report, released at the “CBN Fair” held in Lagos, with theme: “Driving Alternative Payment Channels as Tools for Financial Inclusion, Growth and Accelerated Economic Development”.

In the bill of right customers also have  right to good service, right to equality and right to free monthly statement of account.

On the other hand, the report listed certain obligations that a customer owes to his or her bank.

They include duty to financial obligations, duty to protect instruments and information, duty to provide factual information and not to mislead the bank, duty to report suspected fraud or error and duty of personal safety and safety of assets.

The document, described the customer as the most important person in the economy and every business succeeds only when the customer is happy.

Describing the customer as a king, it said: “As a king, the customer has many rights. But a king also has duties which he owes himself and the society. In Nigeria, customers of banks have certain rights and duties guaranteed by law, regulation and conventions”.

The report disclosed that a bank customer, has a right to disclosure of information from his/her bank on products and services the bank offers.

“The information provided must be complete, relevant and truthful. Your bank must explain to your understanding all contractual terms and charges prior to the consummation of any agreement or contract. This right enables you to have relevant information in order to make rational choices. It amounts to a breach of right if your bank fails to provide this information or deliberately misleads you in anyway,” it said.

According to the apex bank, bank customers also have a right to select from the range of products and services made available by your bank at competitive prices.

“This means that as a customer, you can, at all times, decide on the product or service to accept/purchase and the ones to decline. It is wrong for a bank to restrict your choices or compel you to accept/purchase products or services that are ill-suited for your needs. Where you are not satisfied with your bank’s service delivery on any product or service, you have the right to end the contract or even the banking relationship provided you settle all outstanding commitments,” it said.

The CBN explained that the right to safety requires a bank to guarantee all its customers a secure and conducive banking environment devoid of threats to their safety and health.

“You have the right to be reasonably protected from accidents while on the premises of your bank. You also have the right to be protected from negative effects of pollution of any kind whether arising from your bank’s operations or from other sources. It is necessary to stress that your bank is obligated to adhere strictly to applicable safety and directives to ensure that your safety and well being are adequately guaranteed while you are on the premises of your bank,” it said.

Continuing, the apex bank also highlighted the customers right to privacy and confidentiality.

It explained that as a bank customer, one has the right to freedom from disclosure of your account details by your bank as intrusion into your account by third party.

In other words, a bank is not to divulge your account information to a third party; a bank must also protect customers’ information from unauthorized access by a third party.

It however, stated that there are, expectations to this right where a bank is required by law to make disclosure; and where a customer consents to the disclosure.

“A bank must provide its customers a redress mechanism to express their displeasure or grievance. The mechanism must be free, accessible, transparent, timely and convenient. You have a right to efficient complaints management system through which you can lodge complaints against your bank. You also have the right to be kept abreast of resolution process (acknowledgment, feedback, updates, and explanation) and ultimately, basis of decision. Where you are not satisfied with the decision of your bank, you have the right of review either by your bank, the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) or the court,” it stated.

The CBN however, stated that all customers have a right to value for their money which involves the right to be treated with respect and dignity by banks and their representatives.

“The hallmark of banking is customer satisfaction and as such your bank would have failed if it was unable to offer quality and value-adding banking services to you as a customer. Part of this right is that your bank must provide appropriate response to your needs and complaints,” it said.


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