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Between Wireless and Fibre Optic to Increase Telecom Access

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The information age has made technology, particularly information and communications technology, indispensable. Nigeria is often identified as the fastest moving economy and one of the most advanced ICT market sectors in the Africa. It has the largest population in Africa, also making it an attractive and big market. How has or how is IT and Telecoms allowing Nigeria to leap-frog into the information age?
Essentially answers to these questions have to do with access to IT and Telecoms services. To examine Information and Communications Technology (ICT) status and developments in Nigeria is by looking at several issues relating to infrastructure in Nigeria. In this regard, telecommunications infrastructure is particularly important, because of its far-reaching impact.
Telecommunication infrastructure remains one of the major issues affecting technology deployment required for growth and development in Nigeria. There has however, been massive improvement in infrastructure over the past few years. Nigeria has certainly left the telecomm state where there were only a few dial-up e-mail providers and Internet service providers (ISPs) as well as when Nigerian Telecommunications Limited (Nitel) was the only Telecommunications operator. It was a dark era characterized by slow Internet links, poor service, high cost, lack of infrastructure and an unprogressive telecoms monopoly. Things have certainly changed. So has night turned to day?
Deregulation of the telecommunications sector led to emergence of major Global System of Mobile Communications (GSM) operators in the country.
Government had earlier provided the impetus for liberalization by setting up the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC). Although NCC became the regulatory body for Nigeria’s telecom sector in 1992, it is the government that dealt with the telecom policy, interconnection agreements and the empowerment of NCC. NCC issues licenses to private telecoms companies providing a variety of telecom services to the Nigerian populace.
All of these were responsible for the growth in the sector which today, level of penetration is put at 56% and number of active telephone lines to 71million.
The GSM revolution began in August 2001 and changed the face of Information and Communications Technology in Nigeria. But the picture will not be complete without mentioning the Private Telephone Operators (PTOs) and other landmarks such as the licensing of Globacom as well as the licensing of 22 fixed wireless operators.
But Nigeria’s telecom infrastructure story and growth has not been due to GSM alone. For example, GSM doesn’t have much to do with the upsurge in Internet usage and access. In essence it is the combined activities of Nigeria’s telecoms providers – GSM, FWA, PTOs, telephony and Vsat operators and NCC’s regulatory efforts that have led to increased competition and availability of a wide range of voice, data and internet applications and services.
The improvement in the telecom situation in Nigeria has made significant impact in all sectors – commerce, social and educational. Although most of the impact is presently felt only in the urban centers, NCC has announced plans to ensure that telecom revolution also touches the rural populace. As noted by one of the International Telecommunications Union (ITU) publications, there is "a direct correlation between access to telecommunications, economic wealth, and social development".
The telecoms boom has resulted in greater usage of Internet Technology, growth and availability of cyber cafés, increased Internet provision by ISPs and PTOs, increased communications services (mobile telephony, e-mail, VoIP), reduction of Internet costs, online information gathering and research, e-learning, Internet business opportunities, online advertising opportunities as well as developments in e-banking. Growth has been phenomenal because Nigeria’s size is massive and Nigerians have been starved of such access for decades.
Now that the sector has recorded appreciable level in terms of teledensity that it is now focusing on providing reliable telecommunications infrastructure that will guarantee sustainability as well as aid other services such as telemedicine, e-learning among others. And to do these, that the NCC is encouraging the deployment of both wireless, wired such as optic fibre, copper cable and satellite technologies.
Technological Drive
The telecommunications industry is divided into four main sectors: wired, wireless, satellite, and other telecommunications establishments. The largest sector of the telecommunications industry continues to be made up of wired telecommunications carriers. Establishments in this sector mainly provide telecommunications services such as wired (landline) telephone, digital subscriber line (DSL) Internet, and cable TV and Internet services. These organizations route TV, voice, Internet, data, and other content over a network of wires and cables, and control access to this content. They may own and maintain networks, share networks with other organizations, or lease network capacity from other companies. Establishments in the telecommunications industry, however, do not create the content that is transmitted over their networks, such as TV programs. (Establishments that create television programming are described in the Career Guide sections on the broadcasting and motion picture and video industries). Wired telecommunications also includes direct-to-home satellite television distributors and a variety of other businesses.
Wireless telecommunications carriers provide telephone, Internet, data, and other services to customers through the transmission of signals over networks of radio towers. The signals are transmitted through an antenna directly to customers, who use devices, such as cell phones and mobile computers, to receive, interpret, and send information. A large component of this industry segment consists of companies that provide cellular phone service, which has grown rapidly over the past decade. Another component includes establishments that deliver mobile Internet services to individuals with Internet-enabled cellular phones and computers.
Satellite telecommunications establishments are made up of mostly government and private organizations that transmit a variety of data through satellites, including photos of the earth, messages to and from public safety officials, and a variety of other information.
Other sectors in the telecommunications industry include telecommunications resellers, as well as operators of other communication services ranging from radar stations to radio networks used by taxicab companies.
Telecommunications carriers are expanding their data transmission capabilities, known as "bandwidth," by replacing copper wires with fiber optic cables. Fiber optic cable, which transmits light signals along glass strands, permits faster, higher capacity transmissions than traditional copper wire. In some areas, carriers are extending fiber optic cable to residential customers, enabling them to offer cable television, video-on-demand, faster high-speed Internet, and conventional telephone communications over a single line.
Wireless telecommunications carriers are deploying several new technologies to allow faster data transmission and better Internet access in an effort to make them more competitive in a market that includes wired Internet carriers. With faster connection speeds, wireless carriers can transmit music, videos, applications, and other content that can be downloaded and played on cellular phones, giving users mobile access to large amounts of data. In addition, as use of this mobile technology increases, wireless companies continue to develop the next generation of technologies that will allow even faster data transmission.
Gbenga Adebayo, chairman of the Association of Licensed Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria (Alton) said government need to rebuild last mile infrastructure in order to aid broadband penetration in the country.
He said copper and fibre should not be regarded as old technology because there is no where in the world where wireless access has become a direct replacement for wired line access. 
He said that the best mobile technology in the world today, has a limit to the capacity it can offer. He added that fibre and copper infrastructure gives that limitless capacity and access required to effectively increase telecom access to last mile.
He noted that the hope of reaping the benefits of the landing of Glo 1, MainOne and other new entrants can be realize  with availability of national fibre optic and copper network.
He urged government to eliminate all form of charges associated with the “right of way”, saying that free access should be given for people to build cable infrastructure without hindrance.
Adebayo said as a policy, all roads that are being upgraded and redesigned should be provided with sufficient telecommunications dots in order for operators not to go through the recurring procedure of seeking “right of way” if the country must drive telecom access to last mile.

 


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NCC Pledges Executive Support, Policy Incentives for Local Device Manufacturing

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Nigerian government has opened a high-stakes window of opportunity for international tech investors, offering direct presidential intervention and sweeping economic waivers for hardware companies that anchor their manufacturing hubs in Nigeria by November 2026.

NCC Pledges Executive Support, Policy Incentives for Local Device Manufacturing

Chief Idris Ibikunle Olorunnimbe

Chief Idris Ibikunle Olorunnimbe, the Chairman of the Governing Board of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC), made this groundbreaking declaration during his ministerial-level address at the Digital Africa Summit Roundtable in Shanghai.

Highlighting the government’s total dedication to backing these new factories, Olorunnimbe stated: “Whatever it takes to get the plant standing, we will pursue it together, because every factory that rises in Nigeria grows our economy, employs our young people, and brings the price of a phone closer to what an ordinary Nigerian can pay”.

The offer is designed to stimulate immediate foreign direct investment and create sustainable employment for Nigeria’s teeming youth population.

The economic logic underwriting this regulatory ultimatum is both practical and urgent. Currently, the Nigerian telecommunications ecosystem is highly vulnerable to external economic shocks, with foreign-exchange swings and import duties constantly pushing genuine, formal devices out of reach for average citizens.

By localising the supply chain, the NCC seeks to anchor device pricing to the local currency, stripping away the pricing volatility tied to the US Dollar.

Olorunnimbe candidly stated that the administration is ready to deploy massive executive support, viewing connectivity infrastructure as the central engine of President Tinubu’s Renewed Hope agenda, which treats “connectivity as productive infrastructure for the whole economy rather than a luxury for a few”.

This infrastructural push is designed to directly fuel the NCC’s highly praised initiative to transition Nigeria into an era of digital free education through the zero-rating of educational portals.

Drawing inspiration from classic free education philosophies, Olorunnimbe has previously stated that asking a child to buy data to look at a textbook is the modern equivalent of charging tuition at the gates of a public school.

To operationalise this vision, the proposed locally assembled smartphones, MiFi units, and home routers will come pre-configured with embedded access to these zero-rated educational platforms. This ensures that digital literacy tools are structurally hardwired into the technology from the factory floor.

Additionally, these indigenous devices will come pre-installed with core government application portals, simplifying access to digital identity verifications, public health services, and agricultural extensions. By embedding these essential state services directly onto affordable, locally produced hardware, the NCC is solving the double dilemma of device cost and data expenses simultaneously.

This holistic blueprint bridges the digital divide and accelerates financial inclusion, as verifiable identity frameworks, like the NIN and BVN, will allow citizens to seamlessly transition into credit-linked device-financing schemes. Olorunnimbe noted that by pairing “verifiable identity with credit history and secure device technology, then the phone itself becomes the on-ramp: to a credit record, and then to the wider financial system”.

The visionary posturing of Chief Olorunnimbe and the executive leadership of the NCC mark a paradigm shift in how government agencies foster industrial growth. Rather than relying solely on traditional, rigid enforcement against informal markets, the Commission is actively building a structured, credible marketplace via policy incentives and strategic executive support.

Through this aggressive, forward-looking roadmap, the NCC is firmly establishing Nigeria as the digital powerhouse of the African continent, demonstrating that true digital inclusion is achieved when national infrastructure serves human development.


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Tinubu Signs New NIMC Act to Strengthen Digital Identity, Data Protection

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President Bola Tinubu has assented to the National Identity Management Commission (NIMC) Act, 2026, replacing the 2007 law with a new legal framework aimed at strengthening Nigeria’s digital identity system, data protection and electronic trust services.

Tinubu signs new NIMC Act to strengthen digital identity, data protection

The new Act is expected to enhance the country’s digital identity ecosystem by improving identity management, securing personal data and promoting interoperability across government and private sector platforms.

According to a statement, the legislation aligns Nigeria’s identity management framework with the provisions of the Nigeria Data Protection Act (NDPA) and international best practices on privacy and data protection.

The Act introduces stronger safeguards for the collection, processing, storage and protection of citizens’ personal information.

It also designates the National Identity Management Commission as Nigeria’s root certification authority for the National Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) and Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI).

The designation empowers the commission to provide secure digital identity, authentication and electronic trust services across the country.

The Act further authorises NIMC to facilitate secure and interoperable data exchange among Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs), private organisations and other authorised entities.

It also provides for the deployment of the NIMC General Multipurpose Card as a unified identity credential for nationwide identity verification under the initiative tagged “One Card, Multiple Possibilities.”

The Federal Government said the implementation of the law would create a trusted, secure and interoperable digital identity ecosystem capable of improving access to services in both the public and private sectors.

It added that Nigerians, including those living in the diaspora, would benefit from easier access to identity services, stronger protection of personal data, enhanced cybersecurity and more secure digital transactions.

The government also said the law would provide a stronger foundation for digital governance, economic growth and long-term national development by enabling faster and more reliable identity verification and authentication processes.


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Meta, FG Unveil New Safety Measures to Protect Nigerian Teens Online

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Meta on Thursday convened the Nigeria Youth Safety Summit in Abuja, bringing together government officials, civil society organisations, parents, educators, content creators and youth leaders to strengthen collaboration on digital wellbeing and safer online experiences for young people.

L-R: Sylvia Musalagani, Head of Safety Policy, Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA), Meta; Ayodele Olawande, Honourable Minister of Youth Development; Sade Dada, Head of Public Policy, Anglophone West Africa, Meta; and Ahmed Yusuf Tanbuwal, Ag Director, Digital Literacy and Capacity Building Department, National Information Technology Development Agency (NITDA), during the Nigeria Youth Safety Summit organised by Meta on Thursday, June 25, 2026, in Abuja.

The summit, held at the Transcorp Hilton Hotel and co-hosted with the Federal Ministry of Youth Development, highlighted Meta’s investments in youth online safety through built-in protections, parental supervision tools and digital literacy resources aimed at helping teenagers navigate the digital space safely.

The event featured keynote presentations, panel discussions and a Parents Learn and Brunch session organised in partnership with the Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social Development.

Participants explored practical approaches to promoting safer online engagement while emphasising the importance of partnerships among government, technology companies, parents, schools and civil society in advancing digital wellbeing.

Speaking at the summit, Meta’s Head of Safety Policy for Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA), Sylvia Musalagani, said the company remained committed to providing teenagers with age-appropriate and safe online experiences.

“At Meta, our goal is to provide teens with safe, age-appropriate online experiences, and events like the Nigeria Youth Safety Summit reflect our commitment to promoting safer and more positive digital experiences for teens.

“With products such as Teen Accounts, Meta is putting the right protections in place so teens can explore their interests and express their creativity in a safe, age-appropriate space.

“We will continue to build the safety features and tools that families need to support young people online,” she said.

Musalagani explained that Teen Accounts represent a redesigned experience across Meta’s platforms specifically for teenagers.

She said the accounts are automatically enabled for all teenagers and include built-in safety features such as private accounts, the strictest messaging settings, restrictions on sensitive content, limited tagging and mentions to people they follow, daily time reminders after 60 minutes of use, and sleep mode between 10 p.m. and 7 a.m.

According to her, teenagers under the age of 16 require parental approval before making any changes that would reduce the default safety settings.

The Minister of Women Affairs and Social Development, Hajiya Imaan Sulaiman-Ibrahim, described child online safety as one of the ministry’s key priorities.

She said children require informed parental guidance to safely navigate the digital environment, stressing that online safety is a shared responsibility involving parents, technology companies and government.

“Child online safety is one of our central pillars and we are steadfast in our mandate to safeguard the Nigerian child from technology-enabled violence.

“Children cannot navigate the complexities of the online world without informed adults guiding them because safety begins with the parents.

“Safety is a shared tripartite responsibility between parents, technological industries and government.

“That is the fundamental premise of today’s summit, a hands-on walk through of parental supervision tools and Teen Accounts.

“We appreciate Meta for the collaboration and for creating a platform for these important conversations,” she said.

Meta also highlighted its parental supervision tools, which allow parents to receive notifications when teenagers report content, gain insights into who they communicate with, set daily usage limits, schedule breaks and monitor age-appropriate content interests.

The Minister of Youth Development, Ayodele Olawande, commended Meta for the initiative and noted its alignment with the ministry’s National Youth Data Protection and Awareness Training Programme.

“I want to thank Meta for this great achievement.

“At the ministry, one of the things we provide to all Nigerians is the skills to succeed in this digital world while making sure we protect them against emerging threats.

“We see a strong connection between the objectives of this summit and the goals of our National Youth Data Protection and Awareness Training Programme.

“We believe that keeping young people safe online is a shared responsibility.

“Government, technology companies, schools, parents, social organisations, community groups and young people themselves all have a role to play.

“We encourage Meta to make the tools, guides and learning materials from this initiative more widely available so that young people across Nigeria can continue to benefit from this laudable summit,” he said.

The summit concluded with discussions focused on strengthening partnerships, promoting digital literacy and advancing a shared vision for youth online safety across Nigeria.


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