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CBN Says There is Excessive Cash in the Economy

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Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) has said the nation runs a cash-based economy and this informed the central bank’s Cash-Lite Policy which aims to reduce the amount of cash in circulation.

Kingsley Moghalu, deputy governor, Operations, CBN, who said this in Lagos during a seminar on cashless Nigeria, stated that the amount of cash in circulation as of 2011 was 41 per cent of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product. He said the nation’s GDP as of 2011 was less than $400bn.

This, he said, was in sharp contrast to Indonesia’s which has only 4.3 per cent of its $800bn GDP as the amount of cash in circulation.

Moghalu, who was represented by Mr. Aaron Yaduma, principal manager, Shared Services, CBN, spoke at a conference entitled ‘Cashless Nigeria; Progress, issues and prospects’ organised by Wilson & Wiezman Associates Limited.

He said the development formed one of the major reasons the CBN launched the Cash-Lite Policy in January 2012.

The CBN deputy governor said, “Nigeria is predominantly a cash-based society and this is not good for us. This is why the CBN decided to launch the Cash-Lite Policy; so that Nigeria can join other developed economies that adopted cashless society.

“Other reasons for introducing the policy are the need to meet Vision 2020, the need to modernise Nigeria’s payment system; reduce the cost of banking services, drive financial inclusion, improve effectiveness of monetary policy, reduce the high security and safety risks, reduce high subsidy, and foster transparency and curb corruption.”

He recalled that the CBN had in collaboration with the Bankers Committee in 2010 commissioned a study to identify possible ways to enhance service delivery in the financial sector by reducing the industry cost to serve and also institutionalise operational efficiency in banks.

The study, he noted, revealed among others, high cash usage in the economy and its attendant high cost implication in the financial value chain.

The study also discovered that cash handling, logistics and storage accounted for 30 per cent of banks’ operational costs, while the total cost of cash handling was also projected to surpass N190bn by the end of 2012 if nothing was done.

Moghalu, however, said the Cash-Lite Policy, which commenced in January 2012 had gained traction and had been adjudged as largely successful.

He said the support of the Federal Government, Lagos State and other states in the country had made the first and second phase of the project to be successful in the states where they had been introduced, namely Lagos, Abia, Anambra, akno, Ogun, Rivers and Federal Capital Territory.

The deputy governor expressed optimism that the project would be successful when it is rolled out nationwide in July this year.

He said, “While the CBN is playing a leading role in the development and implementation of this policy, the cooperation among our respective stakeholders (operators, merchants, government etc) is extremely important if we are to ensure the improved efficiency of Nigeria’s payment system to contribute to the country’s economic and social development through increased financial resources.”

He explained, “Given the experiences gained from the pilot in Lagos and the ensuing acceptance of the policy in the new states under phase 2 of the policy, we have every reason to be optimistic. We have received cooperation and support from political leadership of the states under the policy with records of improved revenue generation after embracing the e-culture. The issues of infrastructure gap arre  being addressed and collaboration with NIGCOMSAT in leveraging on cloud technology is being pursued in this regard.”

“Operators with the payments space have also brought in on the policy and have commenced aggressive marketing of customers in areas of operation. The business community is also coming on strong in adopting the policy.”


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E-Financial

Zacch Adedeji says Rebranded NRS will Overhaul Revenue Administration

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Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS) says its replacement with the defunct Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) will overhaul the architecture of the country’s revenue administration.

Dr Zacch Adedeji, the executive chairman of NRS, said this in a television interview monitored from Abuja.

The News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) reports that the provision of the recently enacted tax reform laws changes the nomenclature of the country’s apex tax authority from FIRS to NRS.

According to Adedeji, NRS is not branding. It is a total institutional upgrade moving from fragmented revenue administration to a modern, digitalised, centralised and intelligence-driven system.

He said that under the new framework, multiple tax and revenue-related functions previously spread across agencies have been consolidated, with a stronger emphasis on data integration, automation, and reduced human discretion.

He dismissed allegations that the country’s newly enacted tax reform laws were altered after passage by the National Assembly.

“Only the officially gazetted Acts carry legal authority and are binding on taxpayers and administrators,” he said.

The NRS boss said that an Act of the National Assembly only became effective after Presidential assent and official gazetting, with the gazetted version constituting the authoritative text in the event of disputes.

“Revenue agencies, courts, and taxpayers are therefore guided solely by the gazetted law, not draft bills, committee reports or chamber debates.

“Neither the executive nor the revenue authority has any incentive or legal capacity to alter the law after passage,” he said.

Adedeji said that the overhaul of the NRS is also designed to support the Federal Government’s broader fiscal objectives.

According to him, Nigeria’s tax-to-GDP ratio has improved in recent years, rising to about 13.5 per cent as at October 2025.

“But it remains below the African average and well short of levels seen in peer emerging markets,” he said.

Adedeji said that the overall aim is on taxing profits and returns rather than capital or investment.

“We are not going to tax poverty; we want to tax prosperity,” he said.


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2026: SEC to Review Rules to Incentivise SME Listings

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Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has announced plans to review its rules to encourage the listing of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) on the nation’s stock exchanges as part of efforts to deepen the capital market and stimulate economic growth.

2026: SEC to Review Rules to Incentivise SME Listings

Dr Emomotimi Agama, director-general of the SEC, disclosed this in his New Year message, noting that the initiative is aimed at unlocking patient capital for key productive sectors of the economy.

According to a statement from the Commission, Agama said the rules review would focus on incentivising listings from small and medium-scale industries, particularly in manufacturing, automotive, pharmaceuticals and finished goods. He said access to long-term capital through the market would help revive factories, reduce import dependence, create jobs and position “Made in Nigeria” products for global competitiveness.

Beyond SME listings, Agama said the Commission would prioritise the mobilisation of long-term capital to bridge Nigeria’s infrastructure and sectoral financing gaps. He added that regulatory frameworks would be streamlined while innovative financial instruments would be aggressively promoted to channel disciplined capital into productive sectors of the economy.

He disclosed that in 2026, the SEC would facilitate the issuance of infrastructure bonds, green bonds, municipal bonds and infrastructure-focused funds to attract long-term domestic and international capital. According to him, the objective is to finance roads, power, rail, housing and digital infrastructure, while making it easier for state governments and infrastructure firms to access the capital market efficiently.

The SEC boss also said the Commission would promote the listing of agribusiness firms and introduce tailored listing windows for agricultural cooperatives and value-chain companies. Through commodity exchanges, agricultural investment trusts and commodities-linked instruments, he said agriculture would be de-risked, fair pricing ensured for farmers, food security strengthened and wider citizen participation encouraged.

On housing, Agama disclosed plans to revitalise Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and introduce innovative affordable housing bonds. These initiatives, he said, would unlock capital for mass housing delivery, create new asset classes for investors and move millions of Nigerians closer to home ownership.

He further said the Commission would support Nigeria’s power sector through infrastructure bonds, green energy bonds, project-backed securities and public-private investment vehicles to fund grid expansion, renewable energy and energy transition projects.

Agama said the SEC is entering 2026 with a renewed resolve to reposition the capital market as a solution provider to Nigeria’s economic and developmental challenges, adding that the Commission is committed to transforming the market into a key driver of sustainable growth.


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Remita Powers over ₦100 Trillion in Payments as Nigeria’s Digital Economy Expands

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has reinforced its position as one of the major forces underpinning Nigeria’s payments ecosystem after processing more than ₦100 trillion worth of transactions in 2025, highlighting its expanding role in the country’s digital economy.

Remita Powers over ₦100 Trillion in Payments as Nigeria’s Digital Economy Expands

The payment technology platform, licensed by the Central Bank of Nigeria as a Switch, Payment System Service Provider, Payment Terminal Service Provider and Super-Agent, operates largely behind the scenes, enabling millions of daily transactions across the public and private sectors.

From salary payments and loan repayments to school fees, pensions, electricity bills and government revenues, Remita supports a broad range of financial activities undertaken by individuals, businesses and institutions across the country. Industry observers often describe its function as the “rails” on which Nigeria’s payment system runs — critical infrastructure that is most visible only when it fails.

According to the company, the volume of transactions processed in 2025 was driven not by one-off spikes but by consistent, everyday activity across transaction switching for financial institutions, corporate and public-sector payments, and consumer financial flows. Remita also facilitated access to more than 15,000 products and services across 180 countries, extending its reach beyond Nigeria’s borders.

Throughout the year, the platform played a central role in revenue collection and disbursements for federal, state and local governments, ensuring the smooth payment of salaries and the continuity of public services.

Analysts note that such reliability is increasingly seen as essential to maintaining public trust in digital governance systems.

On a typical day, Remita enables a wide spectrum of transactions nationwide: a civil servant in Gombe receiving her salary, a contractor in Kogi getting paid, a student in Enugu settling university fees, residents in Abuja paying for water services, property owners in Lagos paying land use charges, and motorists paying traffic fines anywhere in the country.

In 2025, Remita also took steps towards deeper continental relevance through integration with the Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPSS), a move aimed at simplifying cross-border payments within Africa and reducing reliance on third-party currencies.

‘DeRemi Atanda, managing director of Remita, said the company’s focus is on building infrastructure capable of supporting a more interconnected African digital economy. “Our responsibility is to build systems that can support that future. We are not just building for Nigeria. We are building infrastructure that can support Africa’s digital economy,” he said.

Artificial intelligence also featured prominently in Remita’s strategy during the year, with the company releasing a fintech AI report that positioned Nigeria within global discussions on the use of AI in financial services.

The report signalled a shift towards payment systems that are more predictive and responsive, rather than merely automated.

Financial inclusion remained another key focus. Through partnerships with agent networks such as Moniepoint, NIPOST and Paga, Remita expanded access to financial services in underbanked communities, bringing digital payment options closer to individuals and small businesses outside traditional banking channels.

Looking ahead, Remita is preparing for the public launch of a next-generation mobile app in the first quarter of 2026, following a public beta in late 2025. The app is expected to offer features including multi-bank account management, esusu groups, recurring payments, international transactions in local currency and discounted airline tickets.

As Nigeria and Africa push towards deeper economic integration, industry analysts say platforms like Remita — reliable, scalable and largely invisible — are likely to play an even more critical role in shaping the continent’s financial future.

 


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