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Electricity Theft in Nigeria: Impact, Strategies and the Way Forward

By Okoko Chidozie Christian
[email protected]; 09025179984.
Epileptic power supply has been a mainstay of Nigerian society and profoundly impacted communities, undermines the access of individuals to electricity and hampered economic growth.

And, a range of factors have been identified by stakeholders as the root causes including energy theft.
Electricity – essential part of our daily lives is used for powering our homes, offices, businesses and industries. Unfortunately, some people choose to illegally tap into it.
Illegal electricity connections, also known as “power theft” refers to the unauthorized tapping of electric from a power grid, often without the knowledge or approval of electricity providers.
According to source, electric theft is the criminal practice of stealing electric power, and it is nearly as old as electricity distribution.
Accomplished through a variety of means, from methods as rudimentary as direct hooking to a power line, to manipulation of computerized electrical meters endangering the environment.
For instance, if the power consumption in a region increases to a level where the average demand exceeds the rating of transformer or other electrical equipment due to power theft, then power quality problem like voltage collapse or transformer overloading may occur.
Frequent power cuts lead to deterioration in the customer-utility relationship. Illegal connections to the electricity network often transverse roads, fields, footpaths and present a safety risk for communities who must go about their normal daily activities into contacts with live cables and wires that have not been properly installed.
However, bypassing an electric meter co-located with fuses, circuit breakers, residual current earth leakage detection will often lead to risk of electrical faults and excessive use within the house may not be detected.
And, the supply will remain live within the house, increasing the risk of electrocution or fire. Cost of electricity is substantially compared with low income flow and credit constraints in most countries. For examples, more than 70% of Nigerians live on less than US2.0dollars per day. Yet, there is need to pay for the cost of power consumed.
So, it would appear illogical to conclude that residential consumers steal electricity thereby contributing to this loss.
According to the new Electricity Act, offenders to electric theft shall be subject to imprisonment for a term exceeding three years, a fine or both. If the load consumed or used or attempted consumption or use, does not exceed 10 kilowatts, the first conviction shall warrant a fine no less than three times the financial gain resulting from the electricity theft.
In Nigeria today, the Power Distribution Companies, DisCos face several challenges of electricity theft which remain one of the major causes of massive revenue losses thereby increases the debt profile in Nigeria Electricity Supply Industry, hence negatively impacting the nation’s economy.
Recently, Adetayo Adegbemle, executive director of Power Up Nigeria, expressed that the Senators are out of touch with the realities of the power sector and should seek advice from professionals and experts for accurate information. According to him, electricity is also not a public utility anymore, it is now a commodity.
Energy theft is an international problem and globally estimated in 2022 that consumers spent up to 1.4 billion pounds annually. This costs have to be passed to customers in the form of higher energy charges. The annual worldwide financial losses due to power or electricity theft are estimated to be around US 100billion dollars.
In a recent report by the Director of the Power Sector Advocacy Group in Nigeria; one (1) transmission company TCN, twenty-three(23) generation companies, GenCos and eleven (11) electricity distribution Companies, DisCos operates in Nigeria. Moreover, the plants are managed by generating companies (GenCos), independent power providers, and the Niger-Delta Holding Company.
Unfortunately, the twenty-three (23) power-generating plants connected to the national grid with the capacity to generate 11,165.4MWs of electricity has not been feasible. Despite having a capacity of 22,000 MWs, the country’s power generating peaked at 4,594.6 MWs as of November 2022 has been insufficient for the populace. So, the electricity generated is considerably low for over 200million people.
Although, some anti-theft products can help shield the network and consequently reduce power theft. Just like in United Kingdom, their electrification is made under subsurface about 100meters; not so easy for human to access, study confirms.
So, being a complex challenge, there are some ways to combat the illegalities of energy theft in Nigeria, but the consumers-utility relationship is a key determinant. Improvement of this relationship through local participation in development of renewable energy schemes such as rooftop solar photovoltaic, use of biomass and many more could bring benefit. Also, financing, redesigning of the distribution system and utility company codes and standards, competence in post-installation maintenance.
Strengthening of legal and regulatory framework particularly with larger users, and installing high security tampered-resistant metering systems for commercial consumers may have more effect.
News
BoI’s EIB-Backed Financing Accelerates Fidson’s Pharmaceutical Manufacturing Growth

Fidson Healthcare Plc has commended the Bank of Industry (BoI) for its pivotal role in facilitating concessionary financing that is accelerating the growth of Nigeria’s pharmaceutical manufacturing sector, following a high-level visit by delegations from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and BoI to the company’s state-of-the-art manufacturing facility in Sango-Ota, Ogun State.

The visit formed part of the implementation of the recently signed €50 million healthcare financing partnership between EIB Global and BoI, designed to strengthen local production of medicines, vaccines, diagnostics, and other critical healthcare products in Nigeria.
As Nigeria’s leading development finance institution, BoI has championed efforts to unlock long-term capital for strategic sectors, including healthcare manufacturing, in line with national industrialisation and health security objectives.
Speaking on behalf of the Managing Director/Chief Executive Officer of the Bank of Industry, Dr. Olasupo Olusi, Rotimi Akinde, Executive Director, Corporate Finance, Sustainability and Investments, highlighted the Bank’s longstanding support for Fidson and the strategic importance of the healthcare sector.
“Fidson Healthcare Plc is one of Nigeria’s foremost pharmaceutical companies and has maintained a robust relationship with BoI since 2010. Over the years, we have provided concessionary financing to support its expansion plans, and the company has grown significantly as a result of that partnership,” he said.
Akinde noted that healthcare manufacturing remains a key pillar of BoI’s corporate strategy and aligns strongly with Nigeria’s economic development priorities.
The EIB-backed facility is part of broader efforts under the European Union’s Global Gateway initiative to strengthen healthcare manufacturing ecosystems across Africa and reduce dependence on imported medical products.
Speaking on the significance of the intervention, Ambroise Fayolle, Vice-President of the European Investment Bank, described Fidson as one of the first beneficiaries of the EIB-BoI healthcare financing programme.
“A few months after signing the €50 million health financing agreement with the Bank of Industry, I am pleased to visit one of the first beneficiaries of this credit line, Fidson Healthcare, one of the leading pharmaceutical manufacturers in Nigeria,” Fayolle said.
He noted that the partnership reflects EIB’s commitment to supporting local production capacity, strengthening healthcare resilience and expanding access to affordable, high-quality medicines across the continent.
For Fidson Healthcare, the financing represents another milestone in a growth journey that has been closely supported by BoI over the last decade and a half.
According to Biola Adebayo, Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Fidson Healthcare Plc, the company’s relationship with BoI has been instrumental in transforming it into one of Africa’s largest pharmaceutical manufacturing platforms.
“Our relationship with BoI dates back to 2010 when the Bank recognised our growth aspirations and began providing concessionary funding. Since then, our trajectory has remained firmly upward,” Adebayo said.
“From a workforce of about 250 employees in 2010, we have grown to approximately 1,800 employees today. BoI’s support also made it possible for us to invest in green manufacturing and environmentally friendly production processes.”
Adebayo noted that Fidson now operates one of the largest pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities in Sub-Saharan Africa and continues to invest aggressively in quality assurance and global standards.
“We are not only home to one of the largest pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities in Nigeria but also one of the most advanced in Sub-Saharan Africa. This is the only facility where you will find ten dosage forms in operation, and we are currently undergoing four medicine prequalification processes simultaneously. With EIB and BoI on our side, we believe we can achieve our ambitious vision for healthcare manufacturing and contribute meaningfully to Nigeria’s health security and industrial development,” he said.
The EIB-BoI healthcare financing programme is expected to provide long-term patient capital to pharmaceutical manufacturers and other healthcare enterprises, enabling them to scale operations, improve quality standards, expand employment, and strengthen domestic value chains.
The facility is aligned with Nigeria’s healthcare and industrialisation priorities, the African Union’s target of producing 60 per cent of vaccines and essential medicines locally by 2040, and broader efforts to position Nigeria as a manufacturing hub for healthcare products across West Africa.
News
How N139.8Bn Vanished in Benue State – Fresh Report Sparks Outrage

A commission of inquiry set up by the Benue State Government to investigate the state’s income and expenditure between 2015 and 2023 has uncovered N139.8 billion in unaccounted public funds.

Governor Hyacinth Alia
Justice Jubril Idrisu (retd), chairman of the Benue State Income and Expenditure Commission of Inquiry, disclosed this at the weekend 2026 while presenting the commission’s report to Governor Hyacinth Alia at the Government House, Makurdi.
Idrisu said the commission’s findings showed that the state generated more than N826.5 billion in revenue during the period under review, while expenditure stood at about N683.4 billion.
According to him, the records revealed an unaccounted balance of approximately N139.8 billion, which the commission recommended should be recovered from persons found responsible.
“The commission’s findings, contained in two volumes, revealed significant concerns in the management of public finances during the period under review.
“Records showed that the state generated over N826.5 billion in revenue, while expenditure stood at about N683.4 billion, leaving an unaccounted balance of approximately N139.8 billion,” he said.
The retired jurist explained that the commission, inaugurated in June 2025, was mandated to examine the income and expenditure of the immediate past administration and the 23 local government councils between May 29, 2015, and May 28, 2023.
He said the panel also uncovered questionable loan transactions involving some financial institutions and local government councils, including repayments that far exceeded the original loan amounts without adequate documentation.
Idrisu further disclosed that investigators identified irregular transfers of public funds to certain financial institutions without sufficient records or proof of legitimacy, recommending appropriate recoveries where necessary.
He stressed the need for stronger financial controls, including proper authorisation of online transactions by designated officers and an end to the practice of issuing blank pre-signed mandates.
According to him, such practices undermine transparency and accountability in public financial management.
Receiving the report, Alia reaffirmed his administration’s commitment to transparency, accountability and institutional reforms.
Represented by his deputy, Dr Sam Ode, Alia commended the panel for their courage and painstaking assignment undertaken in the public interest.
He said Justice Idrisu was selected to head the commission because of his reputation as a fearless jurist and a man of integrity.
He expressed confidence that implementation of the commission’s recommendations would strengthen institutions, curb the misuse of public resources and ensure accountability for those found culpable.
He acknowledged the challenges encountered by the commission, including difficulties in obtaining information and cooperation from some individuals and institutions, but commended members for their resilience and dedication.
He also apologised for logistical difficulties experienced by the commission, noting that the present administration inherited serious institutional and administrative challenges at the inception of its tenure.
He assured the panel that its work would serve as a critical reference point in the state’s efforts to rebuild public confidence and restore accountability in governance.
The governor added that future generations would look back at the report as evidence of the commission’s contribution to strengthening transparency and responsible management of public resources in Benue.
News
UK Appoints Peter Vowles as British High Commissioner to Nigeria

The UK Government has announced the appointment of Mr Peter Vowles as the next British High Commissioner to the Federal Republic of Nigeria.

Mr Vowles succeeds Dr Richard Montgomery CMG and is expected to take up his post in Abuja in September 2026. Dr Montgomery remains in post until that time.
Mr Vowles brings extensive diplomatic and development experience to the role, having served as His Majesty’s Ambassador to Zimbabwe from 2023 to 2026 and previously as Ambassador to Myanmar from 2021 to 2022.
He has held senior leadership positions across the FCDO and its predecessor department DFID, including as Transformation Director and Director for Asia, Caribbean and Overseas Territories.
Earlier in his career, Mr Vowles worked in international development across South Asia, Central Africa and East Africa, including postings in Bangladesh, India, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Kenya. He began his career in Zimbabwe, where he worked in education and development.
Peter Vowles said: “I am honoured to be appointed as British High Commissioner to Nigeria. Nigeria is a country of immense importance to the United Kingdom, and I look forward to working closely with Nigerian partners to strengthen our relationship across trade, development and security.”
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