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Achieving Universal Clean Cooking Fuel in Africa

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By Okoko Chidozie Christian

[email protected]; 09025179984

Every person needs food to sustain their lives. The vast majority of staple foods about 95% needs cooking before they can be eaten, and most people cook at least 2-3 times per day.

Achieving Universal Clean Cooking Fuel in Africa

Clean cooking fuel, as fuel with very low level of polluting emission when burned requires technological education from design and construction to proper use and maintenance. These clean cooking fuels include: biogas, liquefied petroleum gas, electricity, ethanol, natural gas and solar power (BLEENS).

The extraction and use of wood for energy is prominent in developing country with more than 80% of households in Sub-Saharan African (Angola, Nigeria, Ghana etc.) depending on wood energy. Frequently, biomass such as firewood, charcoal, dungs and agricultural residue fuel is among the available energy source especially in the rural areas, and mainly burned on inefficient open fire and traditional stoves.

The combustion process guarantee smoke; and this smoke contains a complex mixture of numerous substances composed of various organic and inorganic compounds. These compounds are toxic and dangerous to the health system of human beings. This is because they contain carbon-monoxide, nitrogen, sulphur oxide, carbon-dioxide, aldehydes, particulate matter, volatile organic compounds, chlorinated dioxins, free radicals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

Access to modern energy remains a major problem in developing countries; however, poorer countries suffer more from energy access problems. More than 50% of death from pneumonia, cancer and chronic lung disease in Sub-Saharan Africa is due to combustion of solid fuels. Among women, there is a high association between fuelwood combustion, high risk of chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease especially asthma and cataract. Childhood respiratory infections such as pneumonia have been highly associated with fuel wood combustion (WHO, 2016).

Many countries in Africa lack access to clean fuels and technologies for cooking, and the transition to sustainable energy requires an assessment of drivers of the use of clean energy and dirty fuel for cooking. Though, access to clean fuel such as electricity promotes clean fuel use; it does not necessarily lead to a complete transition to the use of clean fuel, hence most households continue using traditional fuel in addition to the clean fuel. Despite massive efforts aimed at substituting and electrification, the number of people relying on biomass is slightly decreasing.

In 2018, about 2.8billion people use biomass fuels for cooking. And, it is estimated that by 2030, about 2.52billion people will still cook with biomass. Apart from the role of biomass for cooking, it is considered “dirty “and “backward” and seldom associated with “modern energy.” Yet, biomass has come to stay.

Recently, civil societies, academic institutions and international co-operations promoted the use of clean cooking fuel, thereby undertaken small initiatives to replace the traditional cooking fuel. But, to have a real impact on the welfare of the people, it is necessary to join effort and work together with the public sectors.

Nevertheless, this would be an extensive action in terms of health, and this is the time to expand ideas and propose a comprehensive approach to remove all the smokes from our homes knowing very well that healthy people are generally more productive, enabling some people to break the vicious cycle of poverty.

Africa Clean Cooking Energy Solution (ACCES) Initiative has earlier organized enlightenment campaigns in improving health condition, counteract climate change and decrease negative socio-economic impacts of traditional cooking stove by introducing clean cooking technologies and clean cooking fuels.

They reiterated that smoke produced by traditional stoves in household or rural areas has harmful effects on the health families posing a challenge of almost 1/3 of the African population. Hence, efforts are being made to remove any device that generates harmful pollutants to human health, namely candles and oil lamps to mention but a few.

Since 2015, Universal Access to Energy has been on every national agenda as well as international co-operation. “Energy for all” means providing access to electricity for more than 1/5 of the world population, but the more challenging is providing access to sustainable, affordable and clean cooking energy for more than 1/3 of the world population.

Access to modern cooking energy has so many tasks to international development co-operations. It will improve the situation related to education, health, rural development, good governance and sustainable economic development by instigating cooking energy awareness campaigns to school children and women.

We are aware that for generations, families in rural areas have developed practices that require no modern cooking fuel maintenance or cleaning. In this perspective, it is necessary to enhance intervention plans to incorporate activities that ensure sustainability for the clean cooking fuel users to take ownership of the new technologies.

According to the Cooking Energy Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Universal Access to Energy, there is a higher share of renewable energy and massive improvements in energy efficiency as part of the top global priorities for sustainable development in the years to come.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


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Dangote Refinery Forced to Resell U.S, Nigerian Crude Cargoes over Glitches – Report

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Dangote oil refinery, indigenous oil refinery owned by Aliko Dangote, Africa’s richest man, is reselling cargoes of U.S. and Nigerian crude, four trade sources familiar with the matter said on Friday, according to a Reuters report.

Dangote Refinery Forced to Resell U.S, Nigerian Crude Cargoes over Glitches - Report

Aliko Dangote

Three of the sources indicated that the reoffer was linked to technical problems at the refinery.

However, a Dangote executive, when asked about the offers and market rumours of operational issues affecting the crude distillation unit (CDU), stated that the CDU is in operation.

The refinery, which began production in January, is set to become the largest in Africa and Europe upon reaching full capacity.

This could significantly alter the lucrative Europe-to-Africa fuel trade and transform Nigeria into an exporter of fuels.

Among the grades being offered were Nigerian Escravos and Forcados crude, as well as U.S. WTI Midland crude, according to the sources. Traders have reported that the plant has been importing several crude cargoes monthly.

While resales by refineries are rare, they are not unheard of, traders noted. Following the news, crude prices fell further, with Brent crude dropping as much as 2.5% towards $80 a barrel, before recovering to above $81 by 1700 GMT.

The 650,000 barrel-per-day refinery, built at $20 billion by Africa’s richest man Aliko Dangote, aims to reverse Nigeria’s reliance on fuel imports despite being Africa’s largest oil producer.

 


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60 Hearty Cheers to Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, GMD/CEO, Fidelity Bank

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Tomorrow is your birthday Madam, kindly permit me to be the first to strike a positive chord and shine a spotlight on you, an exceptional woman, who is helping shape modern finance in Nigeria and indeed the world.

60 Hearty Cheers to Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, GMD/CEO, Fidelity Bank

Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, GMD/CEO, Fidelity Bank

You are inspirational, an elegant stallion that radiates beauty in brilliance.

Meet, Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, OON, an Amazon and group managing director and chief executive officer, Fidelity Bank Plc who turns 60 in a few hours.

She is a leader who instills in her people a hope for success and a belief in themselves.

Born July 28, 1964 in Lagos, Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, is a creative problem solver motivated by obstacles.

The desire to overcome a challenge fuels her to get things accomplished.

She does not take ‘no’ for an answer.”

Dr. Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe, joined Fidelity Bank as an executive director in 2015 and was appointed managing director/CEO in January 2021, becoming the first female MD/CEO in the bank’s history.

The birthday lady holds a Bachelor of Law from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka, and a Master of Law from King’s College London.

She has attended executive training programs at various institutions including Harvard Business School, The Wharton School University of Pennsylvania, and London Business School.

Additionally, she recently completed a Diploma program in Organizational Leadership at Said Business School, Oxford University, UK.

She holds an honorary doctorate degree in Business Administration from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (UNN) and is an Officer of the Order of the Niger (OON), awarded by the Federal Government of Nigeria in 2023.

In 1990, she began working in banking as a legal officer for the now-defunct African Continental Bank. She subsequently worked as a treasury officer for the First African Trust Bank.

She later joined Zenith Bank and Standard Chartered Bank respectively.

Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe has held leadership positions at Citizens International Bank, Zenith Bank, and Standard Chartered Bank, among others.

She has been instrumental in structuring complex transactions across various sectors including Oil and Gas, Manufacturing, Aviation, Real Estate, and Export.

In 2011, she joined Enterprise Bank as an executive director of the bank’s operations in Lagos and other locations in the South-Western region in Nigeria.

Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe joined the commercial bank Fidelity as an executive director in January, 2015. Fidelity Bank announced Onyeali-Ikpe as its managing director in December 2021.

Under her leadership, Fidelity Bank witnessed significant growth, increasing its Profit Before Tax (PBT) from N25.22bn in FY 2021 to N122bn in FY 2023.

She has led the bank’s expansion into international markets, including the recent approval by the Central Bank of Nigeria to acquire Fidelity Bank UK Limited (formerly Union Bank UK).

Passionate about innovation and technology, Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe has spearheaded initiatives such as PayGate Plus, an online payment platform, and the Fidelity International Trade & Creative Connect (FITCC) aimed at supporting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) globally[citation needed]

In recognition of her leadership, Nneka Onyeali-Ikpe has received several awards including The Banker of the Year 2022 at the 14th Leadership Annual Conference, Best Banking CEO Nigeria 2023 in the 2023 Global Banking & Finance Awards, 2023 Top 25 CEOs in Nigeria at the BusinessDay Awards, and Banker of the Year 2022 at the Champion Newspapers’ Awards of the Year 2022.

She also received acknowledgment from the Assets Management Corporation of Nigeria (AMCON) for her role in restructuring the former Enterprise Bank. As an Executive Director, she oversaw operations in the Lagos and southwest regions, managing the Retail and SME divisions. Additionally, she played a key role in establishing the Bank’s SME group.

She serves on various Committees and organizations including the Financial Literacy and Public Enlightenment Sub-Committee of the CBN Bankers Committee and the Chartered Institute of Bankers of Nigeria.

Onyeali-Ikpe is married to Dr. Ken Onyeali Ikpe, PhD, a leader in Marketing, Branding, and Consumer Consulting.

As you celebrate today, may you have all the love your heart can hold, all the happiness a day can bring, and all the blessings a life can unfold.

May the years ahead be greater.

Happy birthday, God Bless!

 

 


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Companies May Flee Nigeria over Proposed Percent Levy– Afrexim Bank

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The proposed 5 percent tax on companies earning over N100 million for community development projects could result in the exits of multinationals from the country, a new report by Afrexim Bank has said.

Companies May Flee Nigeria over Proposed Percent Levy– Afrexim Bank

“Nigeria’s National Assembly is considering a 5 percent levy on big companies to invest in community projects, despite opposition from companies and their supporters.

Critics argue that companies already pay 20-30 percent of their profits in corporate taxes and the plan could prompt international companies to leave the market,” the report titled Monthly Developments in the African Macroeconomic Environment stated.

However, the bill has faced rejection from the organized private sector.

The Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN), which sent representatives to the public hearing organized by the parliament, described the proposal as ill-timed and unnecessary.

They argued that CSR should be at the discretion of each organization, emphasizing that it is an internal matter.

Additionally, they expressed concerns about the current multiplicity of taxes and the high operating expenses that manufacturers are already struggling with.

Olumide Osoba, member of the House of Representatives, recently introduced the Corporate Social Responsibility Bill 2023 to set high standards of corporate governance and ensure firms integrate long-term economic, environmental, and social aspects into their business strategies.

The bill includes provisions for establishing a department within the Federal Ministry of Budget and National Planning.

This department will be headed by a commissioner appointed by the president based on the budget minister’s recommendation.

The commissioner will coordinate the activities of agencies related to CSR and monitor compliance with the law.

For non-extractive companies with a net worth of N500 million or a net profit of N100 million in a financial year, the bill requires them to form a CSR committee consisting of three or more directors, one of whom must be an independent director. This committee will be responsible for the company’s CSR policy and ensure compliance.

 

 

 

 


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