E-Financial
Financial Inclusion Agents Decry Challenges with PoS, Others

As the central bank of Nigeria (CBN), drives financial inclusion with giant strides and NIBBS upgrading her system to accommodate the projected 600m point of sale (PoS) terminal transactions this year, agents at the last-mile are faced with new trends of challenges in deepening financial inclusion.
Among the new challenges according to them centre around PoS transactions, lack of accurate transaction data, unauthorized PoS chargebacks, agent deployment and viability among others.
Fasasi Sarafadeen Atanda, managing director, ECOSA Hybrid Network, who spoke to Nigeria CommunicationsWeek lamented that the new trends of challenges are inimical to realizing the objectives of achieving 80 percent financial inclusion goal by the year 2020.
On PoS resolution challenge, he said that most customer desks of commercial banks in Nigeria lack proper knowledge of PoS dispute resolution procedure.
“POS is an electronic device like ATM, and any dispute should be electronically resolved between issuing and acquiring banks. So, why should the banks toss customers around?
“Today, banks usually turn customers back by asking them to return to agents and claim their declined-debit funds. In fact, to demonstrate the seriousness of their knowledge gap, some banks will print internal arbiter conversation mail for customer to go after the agents for refund. This action has led to customer’s loss of trust in the use of PoS and agents are sometimes locked up by the police upon customer’s complaint.
“CBN needs to urgently circularize PoS dispute procedure and ensure compliance of commercial banks. For some other banks that accepted dispute complains and processed, they usually fail to follow up and close the resolution by getting customers account credited. Are there no time limits for PoS dispute resolution in Nigeria?
Atanda added that there should be at least three sources of data for PoS transactions which are NIBBS source, PTSP and the bank sources.
“Agents or merchants should ordinarily have access to at least PTSP and/or the bank data. Unfortunately today, there are serious challenges with all the above data sources. For instance Transaction Log Monitor, Olympos database from NIBBs, cannot recover previous transactions when the need arises possibly due to technical glitch.
“There are also instances where transactions of certain TIDs got missing from transaction records on the PTSP database. More so, only few banks make PoS transaction reports available to agents and merchants daily. The implication of loss or inaccurate data is reconciliation issue and merchant/agent capital erosion.
He also expressed financial inclusion agents’ frustration over unauthorized PoS chargebacks. According to him ‘most merchants and agents are closing shops today because of numerous unauthorized chargebacks . While recent upgrade by NIBBS has reduced the PoS transaction failure rates, the other determinant which is Prompt terminal upgrades by PTSPs still causes high declined rate with the accompanied daily chargebacks by the banks. Most banks abuse their power to debit bank accounts without recourse to laid down rules of notifying merchants and agents at least 72hrs ahead of debits. Also, some banks chargeback narrations do not show TIDS of the terminal being charged and most agents see this as fraudulent debits’.
Victor Olojo, National President, Association of Mobile Money Agents of Nigeria (AMMAN), noted that Interoperability has also continued to remain a major challenge for them in this industry, especially agents.
“Because, we deal with consumers who cut-across different mobile money operators and banks, for instance, if I’m an agent with bank A and I’m unable to do transactions with Bank B with the device of Bank A that is not really the idea of financial inclusion.
“Financial inclusion should enable people irrespective of whatever financial institution they are operating. It means, if I have a Paga wallet I should be able to send money from my Paga wallet to Quickteller or PocketMoney wallet. Presently, this is not happening. What we have in the market place today is using different point of sale terminals for different banks, in that regard, I ‘m using 10 PoS for 10 banks. The ideal situation should be one PoS from Bank A should be able to attend to customers from nine other banks.
E-Financial
NDIC Seeks EFCC’s Support to Trace, Recover Assets of Failed Banks

Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) and the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC) have agreed to strengthen collaboration to enhance the investigation and prosecution of offences that lead to bank failures, while also improving the recovery of assets and debts of failed banks.

Thompson Oludare Sunday, managing director and chief executive of the NDIC, made this known during a courtesy visit by the Corporation’s management team to Olanipekun Olukoyede, executive chairman of the EFCC, at the Commission’s headquarters in Abuja.
In a statement issued on Sunday by the NDIC’s Hawwau Gambo, head of Communication and Public Affairs, Sunday said robust partnership with the EFCC is critical to the effective liquidation of failed banks, a process that involves asset realisation and debt recovery, with proceeds used to settle uninsured deposits.
He noted that cases of asset stripping and concealment require coordinated efforts, particularly in asset tracing, recovery and enforcement, adding that the EFCC’s expertise is vital in achieving these objectives.
Sunday also identified banking fraud investigations and the prosecution of individuals whose actions contribute to bank collapses as key areas where both institutions can further strengthen their cooperation.
He stressed that NDIC plays a vital role in maintaining financial system stability through the execution of its four statutory mandates in deposit guarantee, bank supervision, distress resolution and bank liquidation.
According to him, the Corporation’s overarching goal is to safeguard depositors’ funds, ensure prompt compensation when banks fail, and sustain public confidence in the financial system.
He also observed that both institutions share common values of integrity, professionalism and accountability, describing the visit as a step towards reinforcing institutional partnership, especially in areas where EFCC’s investigative and prosecutorial capacity is essential to NDIC’s mandate.
“We aim to further strengthen our collaboration, deepen institutional synergy and explore additional avenues for mutual support in the pursuit of national financial system stability.
“The EFCC has been our partner and we want this to continue. We look forward to an expanded and more impactful partnership between our two esteemed institutions.
“Your experience has and will continue to greatly enhance our recovery efforts. Additionally, we have that strategic responsibility for prosecuting individuals whose actions contribute to the failure of banks. We therefore seek closer collaboration with the Commission in this critical area”
Responding, the EFCC boss, Olukoyede, reiterated the Commission’s commitment to its longstanding working relationship with the NDIC in tackling financial crimes within the banking sector.
He acknowledged the history of cooperation between the two agencies, particularly in investigations and capacity development related to banking operations.
Olukoyede also briefed the delegation on key departments within the EFCC, including the Bank Fraud Section, which handles matters related to the NDIC.
He encouraged the Corporation to submit any outstanding cases for prompt assessment, noting that this would enhance tracking, accountability and case resolution.
The EFCC Chairman further highlighted the role of the Commission’s Fraud Risk Assessment and Control Department, which focuses on proactive monitoring, compliance, sound risk management and internal controls in both public and private sector institutions.
He described these efforts as part of the EFCC’s broader mandate to protect and strengthen the Nigerian economy.
Olukoyede assured the NDIC of the EFCC’s continued support in deepening institutional synergy to combat financial crimes, improve asset recovery, and ensure that offenders who undermine the banking sector are brought to justice.
E-Financial
PayPal Goes Live in Nigeria through Paga

Paga, Nigeria’s pioneering fintech company, and global payments leader PayPal have launched live account linking for Nigerian users, unlocking seamless cross-border payments and local Naira access after years of limited service.

The integration allows Nigerians to directly connect PayPal accounts to Paga wallets, receive funds from PayPal’s vast network spanning over 200 markets and 436 million active users, shop with international merchants, and withdraw balances for everyday needs like bill payments, bank transfers, or Visa card spending.
This ends longstanding “send-only” restrictions, empowering freelancers, online sellers, and small businesses to earn globally and spend locally without cumbersome workarounds.
Nigerian merchants gain a competitive edge, tapping PayPal’s 400 million-plus customer base to accept payments in up to 25 currencies, with funds settling swiftly via Paga’s nationwide infrastructure. Currency conversions occur at market-driven willing-buyer-willing-seller rates, positioning the service against informal channels and crypto alternatives. Paga’s upcoming merchant gateway enhancements will support larger business transactions directly.
Paga Founder and Group CEO Tayo Oviosu described the rollout as transformative: “Whether you’re a freelancer receiving international payments, a business selling online, or a consumer shopping globally, this collaboration makes it easier to access and use global funds locally, in a way that’s simple, secure, and built for our markets.” PayPal’s Senior Vice President for Middle East and Africa, Otto Williams, added: “We’ve been intentional about partnering with local innovators like Paga… to expand financial inclusion and enable more consumers and businesses to participate confidently in the digital economy.”
The move bolsters Nigeria’s explosive digital payments sector, where 2023 transaction values hit ₦657.8 trillion ($730.9 billion)—averaging ₦54 trillion monthly—and active mobile wallet users exceed 30 million. Backed by Central Bank of Nigeria reforms like IMTO guidelines and fraud protections, it taps a $25 billion annual remittance flow and projects an $18.3 billion digital economy by year-end.
Paga, with over 21 million users, CBN nationwide licensing, and a $250 million valuation, serves as the ideal partner through its API ecosystem and settlement network. To start, users log into the Paga app or site, link their PayPal account (personal or business via individual Paga setup), and begin transacting instantly.
This partnership not only bridges global finance to local realities but also accelerates Nigeria’s fintech dominance, fostering SME growth and diaspora remittances in Africa’s largest economy.
E-Financial
NIBBS to Boost Financial Inclusion with Offline Payment Solutions

The Nigeria Inter-Bank Settlement System (NIBSS) is looking into offline payment solutions as part of its efforts to increase financial inclusion and reach Nigerians who have limited or no access to mobile data.

The project was announced by Ngover Nwankwo, NIBSS executive director for business and products, at the 2026 CHBO Conference in Lagos.
Nwankwo pointed out that the rapid expansion of digital payments must be matched by purposeful inclusion initiatives, cautioning that innovation should not exclude groups of the population that still rely largely on cash.
She emphasised that cash is still an important element of Nigeria’s economy and that digital and cash-based payments must coexist to safeguard disadvantaged users while boosting efficiency for digitally connected customers.
Nwanko also commended banks for operational performance, particularly during the December 2025 cash demand period, which she said was met with few public complaints.
Lloyd Onaghinon, Bankers Warehouse Plc,had similar sentiments on the enduring need of cash. He explained that cash usage remained high globally due to cultural, demographic, and trust-related factors
However, he cautioned that surplus currency outside the banking system undermines financial intermediation and monetary policy efficacy, demanding greater cooperation among regulators, banks, and other stakeholders.
Director Solaja Olayemi, representing the Central Bank of Nigeria, stated that around 90% of Nigeria’s cash remained outside the banking system and encouraged banks to collaborate with fintechs and microfinance institutions..
He added that fintechs with substantial agent networks, such as Moniepoint, OPay, and Kuda, are better positioned to drive inclusion, with some companies now holding national licenses.
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