E-Financial
MasterCard Says Nigeria, 3 Others on Digital Evolution Threshold
A new Digital Evolution Index from MasterCard shows that South Africa, Egypt, Kenya and Nigeria are quickly moving towards digital evolution.
However, South Africa’s digital economy is the most developed in Africa, and one of the fastest growing in the world, according to the new Digital Evolution Index developed by MasterCard and The Fletcher School at Tufts University that tracks a country’s movement toward digital evolution, gauges progress and assesses challenges in 50 countries comprising the Index.
South Africa ranks 33 out of the countries measured by the index in digital readiness, which is defined by the markets’ ability to support and encourage digital commerce and payments. In Africa, it ranks ahead of Egypt (48), Kenya (49), and Nigeria (50).
South Africa also emerged as the fourth fastest growing digital economy behind China, Malaysia and Thailand.
“South Africa’s speed of growth can be attributed to the rapidly increasing proportion of the population with Internet access, an 86 percent adult mobile phone penetration rate, and a highly developed telecommunications network. However, what is significant is that all four of the African countries measured share a common trait of moving at a high rate of speed toward digital evolution, demonstrating huge growth potential for e-commerce,” said Ted Iacobuzio, Vice president, Global Insights, MasterCard.
The Index analyses four key underlying drivers and barriers that govern a country’s evolution into a digital economy, Demand (consumer demographics, income and internet access); Supply (technology and infrastructure); Institutional Environment (governmental policy), and Innovation (environment for creating startups and the overall competitive landscape).
Each country is given an overall digital readiness score between 0 (low digital readiness) and 100 (digitally saturated), which is derived from an average score of these four interdependent drivers.
The index also provides an indication, by country, where the next billion Internet users will come from globally.
According to McKinsey, Africa’s Internet penetration stood at 16 percent (167 million people) in 2013, and is forecasted to reach 50 percent (600 million people) by 2025, indicating the online consumer market will quadruple over this time.
“There are currently 2.9 billion Internet users in the world, a feat that took over 20 years to achieve. The next billion users will enter the market much faster than this. A significant proportion of these will come from Africa, where the four countries studied – Egypt, Kenya, South Africa and Nigeria – all represent exceptional growth potential coupled with short-term opportunity,” said Iacobuzio.
The study analysed each market’s evolution from 2008 to 2013 and grouped each country into one of four trajectory zones:
‘Stand Out’ countries have historically moved at a high rate of digital readiness and maintain high levels of digital transactions;
‘Break Out’ countries are typically developing countries that currently have low readiness scores, but are rapidly evolving;
‘Watch Out’ countries face various challenges, but have significant opportunities for investment; and
‘Stall Out’ countries, while possessing a history of strong growth, are highly evolved and offer little potential for change.
The Index positions South Africa as a ‘Break Out’ country with an overall score of 30 out of 100 in 2013. Its score jumped from 24 to 34 between 2008 and 2012, a substantial increase compared to other countries.
While infrastructure investments in South Africa will drive e-commerce to achieve a likely 30 percent growth rate in 2014, the Index indicates that demand for e-commerce currently lags the global average.
“South Africa may have a relatively average Index score overall, but its digital landscape is evolving rapidly. If this evolution continues at its current rate, South Africa has the potential to grow into a strong digital economy. It is a prime candidate for becoming a ‘Stand Out’ nation in the future,” he says.
The three other African countries ranked in the index are classified as “Watch Out” countries. Egypt scored 17.3, Kenya scored 16.9 and Nigeria scored 13.7 out of 100. These countries are just starting out on their journeys towards digital readiness, each facing different challenges.
“Encouragingly, Egypt, Kenya and Nigeria fared well in their speed of digital growth. This points to their potential to develop into evolved digital economies that further encourage digital payments, and enable future e-commerce opportunities,” he said.
Key African Insights:
Egypt’s Innovation score of 29.5 and its Demand and Supply drivers both above 15 helped place it second in the African rankings.
According to the Index, Egypt has the potential to be one of the top 10 fastest evolving countries globally in the next five years.
Mobile payments are in place for an impressive run due to the the first ever interoperable Arabic mobile money implementation in Egypt. While the e-commerce penetration rate among Egyptians is still low at 3.4 percent, Egypt’s online purchases are expected to triple by 2016, according to Euromonitor.
Kenya’s Innovation score of 32.9 was its highest driver score followed by its Institution score of 14.
This is due to a combination of factors including the country’s mobile payment capabilities, led by the M-Pesa platform, which shows an evolved mobile market where 25 percent of Kenya’s GDP travels through M-Pesa.
In 2013, Kenya’s mobile penetration rate was 72.5 percent growing by 5.6 percent to 32.3 million subscribers during the second quarter of 2014. Kenya faces challenges with its Supply and Demand drivers, which if focussed on over time will lead to an improved overall Index score.
Nigeria’s Innovation and Institution drivers fared relatively well largely owing to the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Cashless Policy that is expected to drive growth in electronic payments and e-commerce, the country’s increasingly urban population that will have better access to the Internet over the coming years, and the fact that Nigeria has 94 percent mobile penetration.
Its Supply and Demand drivers have much potential for improvement, with scores of 6.8 and 7.3 respectively, pointing to a need for improved technology and infrastructure.
However, Nigeria showed the greatest potential for digital growth.
Globally, Singapore, Sweden and Hong Kong are the top three countries on the Index with the most active and advanced digital economies with scores of 56, 55 and 53.5 respectively.
The United Kingdom and Switzerland round out the top five, while the United States ranks sixth among the 50 countries measured.
The Digital Evolution Index is an output of the study conducted by researchers at The Fletcher School with the support of MasterCard.
Analyzing datasets from public sources, such as The World Bank, and private sources such as EMPEA and Dow Jones VentureSource, the research team created an analytical framework for recognizing patterns and making sense of the global digital landscape, discerning country trends and evaluating their relative strengths and weaknesses.
The methodology for the Digital Evolution Index measures the current ability of countries to deliver on consumer demand and business supply capabilities, in combination with governmental policy and climate for innovation – four drivers defining digital readiness that were identified in the research hypothesis.
In addition to the current state, the study measured each country’s trajectory across the four drivers from 2008 through 2013.
The index then layers a quadrant matrix to visualize the trajectory of a particular country.
The Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) has clarified that the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) recently signed with France’s Direction Générale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP) is a strictly technical assistance and capacity-building framework.
The clarification comes after talks of concerns that the MOU is a means for foreign interests to gain control over Nigeria’s sovereign tax data.
On Thursday, the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) signed an MoU with France’s Direction Générale des Finances Publiques (DGFiP).
“At no point does it grant France access to Nigerian tax data, digital infrastructure, or operational control of our systems. All Nigerian laws regarding data protection, sovereignty, and cybersecurity remain fully in force, and the MoU includes robust confidentiality and data protection provisions,” Umar Ahmed, director, Intergovernmental Affairs, Federal Inland Revenue Service, said in a recent release.
The DGFiP is one of the world’s most sophisticated tax administrations, with over 100 years of institutional experience, a workforce exceeding 90,000 professionals, and globally recognised expertise in digital tax systems, institutional governance, taxpayer services, and public finance management.
Ahmed said that the partnership is advisory, non-intrusive, and mutually beneficial, designed to strengthen FIRS’ institutional capacity as it transitions into the Nigerian Revenue Service (NRS).
“The collaboration provides Nigeria with a unique opportunity to learn from international best practices in workforce management, digital transformation, tax policy development, and regional cooperation, while ensuring that Nigeria retains full control over its tax administration and data,” he said.
Ahmed said that local technology providers are not being sidelined; FIRS continues to engage and collaborate with Nigerian innovators, including NIBSS, Interswitch, PayStack, and Flutterwave.
“The MoU is not intended to deliver technical services, but rather to provide capacity-building, advisory support, and knowledge sharing based on DGFiP’s extensive institutional experience. The collaboration focuses on institutional strengthening, workforce development, digital transformation guidance, taxpayer education, policy modernisation, and regional integration—all fully aligned with Nigeria’s sovereignty and national interests,” he said.
The director said that the service is far from compromising national control. This agreement represents a strategic initiative to modernise Nigeria’s tax administration, enhance institutional capacity, and strengthen the country’s long-term economic resilience.
“Nigeria remains fully in command of its tax systems, data, and policy direction. FIRS remains steadfast in its commitment to transparency, professionalism, and collaboration in the pursuit of national development,” Ahmed said.
House of Representatives yesterday passed second reading a bill seeking to introduce a single, non-renewable six-year tenure for the Governor and Deputy Governors of the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), challenging the current CBN Act 2007 that allows an initial five-year term with reappointment option.
CBN
The legislation, jointly sponsored by Jesse Okey Joe Onuakalusi (Oshodi/Isolo Federal Constituency) and Majority Leader Julius Ihonvbere, proposes sweeping reforms to modernise the apex bank’s governance, unify the exchange rate system, ban foreign currencies for domestic transactions except via authorised channels, and align operations with international best practices.
Key provisions include separating the roles of CBN Governor and Board Chairman to curb power concentration, capping Ways and Means advances at 10 per cent of the previous year’s actual revenue to check inflationary financing, mandating 90 days’ notice with impact assessment and National Assembly briefing for currency redesign, and enhancing the Monetary Policy Committee with independent external experts plus macro-prudential tools and stress testing.
Onuakalusi, opening the debate, described the changes as “structural and forward-looking reforms” to protect the economy, restore monetary policy confidence, and bar the CBN Governor and deputies from partisan politics, stressing that the current Act no longer suits today’s realities amid past controversies like Godwin Emefiele’s tenure and the disruptive naira redesign.
He said: “The Central Bank of Nigeria is too critical an institution to operate under a framework that no longer reflects Nigeria’s economic realities or international best practices.
“This bill is not targeted at any individual or administration. It is a structural reform for economic stability, transparency, accountability, and sustainable governance.”
Deputy Speaker Benjamin Kalu put the bill to a voice vote, with lawmakers unanimously endorsing its passage at second reading. A similar Senate bill for a single six-year tenure had passed second reading in February 2024.
E-Financial
Sterling Bank, Pan-Atlantic University Partner to Certify Non-Oil Export Academy Graduates
Sterling Bank Limited has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with Enterprise Development Centre (EDC) of Pan-Atlantic University (PAU) to certify graduates of its Non-Oil Export Academy.
L-R: Kola Oluyemi, Group Head, Sterling Academy; Dr. Nneka Okekearu, Director, Enterprise Development Centre (EDC), Pan Atlantic University (PAU); Abubakar Suleiman, MD/CEO, Sterling Bank; Dr. Nnenna Ugwu, Head, Alumni Engagement and Support Services, EDC at PAU; and Akporee Idenedo, Divisional Head, Commercial Banking, Sterling Bank at the recent MoU signing to certify graduates of Sterling Bank’s Non-Oil Export Academy.
This strategic partnership underscores the Bank’s commitment to diversifying Nigeria’s economy by supporting non-oil export growth.
This landmark agreement follows the recent launch of the Sterling Bank Non-Oil Export Academy, designed to position Nigerian exporters for global competitiveness.
The launch was preceded by a series of nationwide training programs in Lagos, Ondo, and Kano states, culminating in a grand finale themed “Excel in Non-Oil Export.”
The initiative aims to equip exporters with practical tools to thrive in international markets, thereby reducing Nigeria’s reliance on oil revenues.
Speaking at the signing ceremony in Lagos, Sterling Bank’s Managing Director and CEO, Mr. Abubakar Suleiman, affirmed that the Bank is intentional about creating an ecosystem where non-oil exporters are well-informed and equipped to advance national interests.
“We are not just training people to understand how to export; we want to train them to be competitive exporters of non-oil products,” Suleiman said.
“Our goal is to build a community of knowledgeable, certified, and confident exporters who can collaborate to solve challenges beyond their immediate capacity. Our North Star is to reach a point where hundreds of people have completed this programme and are ready to compete on a global scale.”
Dr. Nneka Okekearu, Director of the Enterprise Development Centre (EDC), expressed enthusiasm for the collaboration. “Having spent the last twenty-three years deepening the competencies of entrepreneurs, we thoroughly understand what is needed and are excited to be part of this initiative,” she noted.
Dr. Okekearu emphasized that the export market has been neglected for too long. “With the right structure, standards, and mindset in place, entrepreneurs passing through this programme will help create not only a better Nigeria but more sustainable communities,” she added, noting that she looks forward to the case studies that will emerge from the programme’s participants.
Beyond sectoral outcomes, the initiative reinforces Sterling Bank’s commitment to support the development of human capital that positively shapes and impacts the wider economy. The Academy will run four cohorts within the year, commencing in 2026.
With this partnership, Sterling Bank and the Enterprise Development Centre are laying the foundation for a new generation of globally competitive Nigerian exporters, professionals equipped not only with knowledge, but with the certification, confidence, and networks needed to scale.
As both institutions align their expertise to strengthen non-oil export capacity, this collaboration signals a bold step toward a more resilient, inclusive, and diversified economy.
The Non-Oil Export Academy therefore serves as a catalyst for national transformation, empowering businesses and communities to unlock Nigeria’s full potential on the world stage.
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