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SATCOM: Creating End-to-End Efficiency for IP Trunking and IP Backbone Networks for 5G

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By Andrew Aroh

  • Efficiency and more throughput are at the core of emerging technologies for IP at the core of emerging technologies for IP Trunking and IP Backbone networks and applications to drive 5G.
  • The latest technology is based on DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions standards and combines a set of innovative technologies in order to fully optimize the Trunking and Backbone Links. These technologies are:
  • Adaptive coding and modulation (ACM)
  • Cross-layer Optimization
  • Bandwidth cancellation
  • Clean Channel Technology
  • Automated Uplink Power Control (AUPC)
  • Wideband in GBs

The Dedicated technologies enhance the data throughput up to record breaking speeds in a large set of IP point-to-point or point or point-to-Multipoint networks.

  • Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)
  • The tranking business is a highly competitive market with continuous pressure on pricing and profitability.
  • The implementation of ACM translates directly into new business opportunities for ISPs, satellite service Operators and Satellite Operators.
  • ACM increases the customer base within the same bandwidth. At the same time it introduces ways to reduce OPEX costs and increase the profitability of one’s business. Resulting in a quick Return-on Investment.
  • ACM combines DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions with different technologies to get as much data through the same satellite bandwidth as possible.
  • ACM will auto-adaptively set modulation parameters to the optimal point and overcomes distortion, noise and variation in the satellite link.
  • Through ACM the data rates between uplink and remote sites (for both point-to-point and point-to-mattip networks) can be doubled in the same bandwidth without the need to acquire extra satellite capacity. As such a quick Return-on-Investment can be achieved in a matter of months.
  • Optimal Service Availability through ACM
  • Communication lines over satellite need to be available at all time to exchange critical information and to keep customer satisfaction at a high level.
  • However, fading conditions could seriously disturb the satellite transmission and lead to temporary link losses.
  • Fading conditions could be due to different circumstances:
  • The choice of satellite/frequency and (Geo, Leo, Meo/C-,X-,Ku-,Ka-,V-band)
  • Environmental Conditions (rain, dust, etc.)
  • Interference (between two adjacent Satellites)
  • Due to the auto-adaptive technology incorporated inside ACM, these fading conditions will no longer interrupt the transmission between the hub and remote nor result in the loss of data.
  • In fading conditions, ACM will switch to a more robust modulation and provide optimal availability.

As soon as fading conditions are over, ACM technology automatically switches back to maximum efficiency,

  • Moreover, Service Priorities (e.g video, data, voice) and Quality-of-service policies can be auto-adapted on-the-fly depending on the bandwidth availability through cross-layer optimization technology.
  • Network Traffic Optimization
  • Network congestion reduces the customer experience and the overall throughput over the communications link
  • In order to Enhance Speed and Save on bandwidth, Service Providers can easily add Network Optimization to their Trunking Links.
  • Network Optimization Consists of the Latest TCP/IP Acceleration and Compression Technologies which increases the efficiency of the satellite link on top of technologies such as ACM.
  • Network Optimization is available as option in the Hubs or can added as separate equipment or software.
  • Network Optimization technology offers up to 35% bandwidth reduction for typical applications such as file download, web surfing and content streaming.
  • The reduction of traffic in both Volume and Number of packets is up to 20% in the forward and up to 90% in the return.
  • Network Optimization technology improves customer Experience and results in important bandwidth gains.
  • Bandwidth Cancellation:
  • Uses Bandwidth Canceller
  • Return traffic uses the same bandwidth as the forward traffic
  • Implements Superior Cancellation Performance
  • Bandwidth gain up to 33%
  • Flexible network scenarios are used (SCPC, MCPC)
  • Best efficiency with ACM
  • Automated Equalink
  • Performs Pre-distortion to compensate for the effects of imperfections in the filters and amplifiers of the satellite
  • Supports Linear & Non-Linear Links
  • Supports Saturated Transponders
  • Supports 16/32/64 APSK
  • Bandwidth Gain up to 10% (or 2GB)
  • Clean Channel Technology:
  • As a result of drive for standards, key players in the satellite industry have called for a new satellite transmission standard (S2 Extensions) to expand the existing DVB-S2 standard, specifically for professional satellite links.
  • Open Standards such as DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions allow for:
  • Interoperability and avoid vendor lock-in
  • Increase in the profitability of the industry by creating an economy of scale and reducing the cost of sitcom equipment
  • Today S2 Extensions already provide gains up to 37% compared to DVB-S2 through implementation of clean Channel Technology. These gains exceed the results by proprietary systems in the market
  • Clean Channel Technology involves 7 improvements in S2 Extensions:
  • Smaller Roll-offs
  • Advanced Filtering of Satellite Carriers
  • Increased Granularity in MODCODs
  • 64APSK support
  • Linear and Non-linear MODCODs
  • Better implementation of MODCODs
  • Wideband Support (up to mbaud)
  • Clean Channel Technology can be offered as a software field upgrade so that customers can immediately field upgrade so that customers can immediately benefit up to 15% gain compared to DVB-S2 through implementing a lower Roll-off factor (5/10/15%) and an advanced filtering technology.
  • Best-of-Trade-Equipment
  • Emerging Hubs and Modems support medium and high rate data communication based on the DVB-S2 and S2 Extensions
  • Each Equipment embeds the latest innovative technologies to fully optimize IP Trunking and IP backbone networks over Integrated Satellite/Wireless/Fiber Solutions for 5G.
  • No extra or new ground infrastructure (antenna or amplifier) needs to be acquired to enable higher efficiencies.
  • Next to hubs and moderns, peripheral equipment such as redundancy Switches and Frequency Converters provide the Trunking and Backbone networks with extra stability and
  • Hubs and Moderns are installed on each side of the link.
  • Networks in Point-to-Point, Point-to-Multipoint (star) or Multipoint-to-point configuration are supported through Single-channel-per-Carrier (MCPC) technologies.
  • Within the same Carrier different Services such as data, video, voice, voIP, Wifi, WiMAX, GPRS, 3G/4G can be aggregate using MAP.
  • Through the multi-service hub, Service providers with their respective customers are connected with a common forward carrier.
  • The return technology can be SCPC or MF-TDMA depending on the return rate, the size of the remote or the network configuration.
  • By aggregating the data traffic in a common forward carrier and combing equipment in a single hub, important CAPEX and OPEX savings can be made.
  • Extra bandwidth gains are achieved by implementing ACM, clean channel Technology and Cross-Layer-Optimization technologies on top of the Multi-Service network.
  • The Multi-service network also allows the service provider to provider IP access service provider to provide IP access service on a direct way or an indirect way (Backhaul, Trunking) to the end user.
  • The hub provides internal and interface (RF, IP power Supply)
  • The internal redundancy is conceived as two fully redundant chains.
  • When there is a failure an automatic switch over to the other chain is performed.
  • Even during service windows there is limited downtime since upgrades can be performed on one of the chains with the other chain active in a previous version.
  • A failure in the RF path is resolved by switching to the alternative RF interface.
  • Multiservice Access Platform (MAP) is a scalable, integrated system that can provide a wide range of voice, video and data services in a single chassis.
  • A MAP can be located at the customer premises, in the local Loop/ Last mile or at the carrier’s point of presence (POP).
  • Efficient Carrier Grade Gateway and Consumer Terminal Concept
  • A typical Broadband solution is based on the Sat3play platform
  • The platform provides the means to establish an “always-on” two-way IP Connectivity.
  • The basic IP connectivity between Hub and Modem is extended with Quality-of-Service (QoS) in forward and return allowing the deployment of different services.
  • QoS is the capability to provide better service to selected network traffic over various technologies such as Ethernet, frame relay, ATM or IP.
  • The gateway contains management functionalities to monitor, configure and control all worldwide remotes.
  • The Gateway provides all necessary infrastructures to receive and transmit IP data from and to the terminals.
  • The Gateway has redundancy on all layers (user, control, management) equipment; RF signal and mains supply inputs.
  • Gateways are points of entrance and exist from a communication network.
  • Viewed as a physical entity, a gateway is that node that translates between two otherwise incompatible networks or network segments.
  • Gateway performs code and protocol conversion to facilitate traffic between data highways of differing architecture.
  • A GATEKEEPER is a device that manages an IP network, supporting all gateways, and a gatekeeper e.g low average-to-peak ratios in the traffic Profile. This results in high broadband user experience.
  • Unique Design:
  • The design of the compact modem and the lightweight low power outdoor equipment; the cost and “Look and Feel” of the terminal is in line with the consumer market requirements
  • Lowest Consumer Acquisition Cost:
  • With the lowest terminal cost on the market and a unique Do-it-yourself installation, the total customer acquisition cost is not a deterrent factor for capturing new subscribers.
  • Self-Installation at Zero:
  • Value Added Logistics
  • Terminal Customization
  • New Business Models, Retail outlet Channels and e-commerce
  • Zero CAPEX Internet Service Providers Satellite System
  • The require satellite system is Operated as Single-Service-Provider Platform AND Multi-Service-Provider Platform
  • On a multi-Service-Provider Platform, new ISPs can start with a Zero CAPEX and the ability to rollout services immediately
  • Different Service Providers Share the same HARDWARE and CAPACITY while they are capable of managing their own Customer base and Service Configuration.
  • Unlimited Scalability: the total number of users in the Satellite system scales without System limitation. The addition of capacity in order to accommodate more users or offer better QoS comes with an almost linear increase of investment result.

On the other hand, satellite capacity represents the largest cost element in the total cost of Ownership (CTO). Efficient usage of satellite capacity is therefore mandatory.

  • The End-Customer is expectation for Satellite broadband offerings are:
  • Monthly rate on par with terrestrial broadband services
  • Volumes as needed
  • True broadband experience-Implementing FUP which assures that all broadband customers enjoy the same experience and have access to quick and reliable service at all time.

Andrew Aroh is President of SSPI Nigeria


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Telecom

Airtel Nigeria Launches Web Data Calculator to Give Customers Greater Visibility into Data Usage

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Airtel Nigeria has launched the Airtel Web Data Calculator, a new digital tool designed to help customers estimate and better understand their internet data consumption based on real-life usage patterns.

The launch comes amid a broader industry effort to improve transparency around data consumption and strengthen customer confidence in mobile broadband services.

It also aligns with ongoing collaboration between telecommunications operators and the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) to address customer concerns about data depletion and improve quality of service across the sector.

Recent industry initiatives have included customer education campaigns, daily usage notifications, billing audits, customer engagement forums, and the development of new tools that provide greater visibility into how data is consumed.

Available through Airtel’s website, the calculator enables customers to estimate data usage across common digital activities such as video streaming, social media engagement, voice and video calls, and everyday web browsing. By translating online behaviour into understandable data estimates, the tool empowers customers to make more informed decisions about their data plans and digital habits.

Speaking on the launch, Oladokun Oye, Customer Experience Director, Airtel Nigeria, said the initiative reflects Airtel’s commitment to customer empowerment and service transparency.

“As Nigerians become increasingly dependent on digital services for work, education, entertainment and communication, it is important that customers have clear visibility into how their data is consumed. The Airtel Web Data Calculator was developed to help our customers understand their usage patterns better, make informed choices, and enjoy greater confidence in their digital experience,” he said.

Oye added that customer concerns around data depletion have remained a recurring topic across the telecommunications industry, making transparency a critical component of customer experience.

“We believe that trust grows when customers have access to clear information. This tool is another step in our ongoing efforts to simplify the customer experience, provide greater clarity around data consumption, and support informed decision-making,” he said.

The launch follows a period of intensified engagement between telecom operators, regulators and consumers on data usage awareness. The NCC has consistently emphasized that many instances of perceived rapid data depletion are linked to factors such as high-definition video streaming, automatic application updates, cloud synchronization, background app activity and evolving smartphone capabilities. The regulator has encouraged operators to improve customer education and develop tools that help subscribers better understand their consumption patterns.

Industry data underscores the importance of such initiatives. Nigeria recorded more than 13 million terabytes of internet consumption in 2025, reflecting the country’s accelerating digital transformation and growing dependence on mobile broadband services.

Commenting on the significance of the launch, Dinesh Balsingh, Chief Executive Officer, Airtel Nigeria, said the company remains focused on building a network and customer experience ecosystem anchored on trust, transparency and continuous improvement.

“The future of telecommunications will be defined not only by network investments but also by how effectively operators help customers understand and manage their digital lives. The Airtel Web Data Calculator represents a practical innovation that places more information and control directly in the hands of our customers.”

He noted that Airtel continues to invest heavily in network modernization, customer experience initiatives and digital tools that improve service quality while making telecommunications services easier to understand and use.

“We welcome the industry’s collective focus on transparency and commend the NCC’s continued collaboration with operators to strengthen consumer confidence. As data becomes increasingly central to everyday life, Airtel will continue to develop solutions that make connectivity more accessible, transparent and rewarding for every customer.”

The launch also builds on Airtel Nigeria’s recent customer engagement initiatives, including forums dedicated to helping subscribers better understand data usage, value optimization and service quality. These engagements have brought together customers, regulators and Airtel executives to foster greater awareness and dialogue around digital consumption.

The Airtel Web Data Calculator is now available to customers nationwide and can be accessed via Airtel Nigeria’s website.

 


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NCC Board Reviews Telecom Sector, Notes Progress in Network Expansion, Consumer Compensation

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The Board of the Nigerian Communications Commission (NCC) has commended telecommunications operators for ongoing investments aimed at improving network coverage, capacity and quality of service across the country.

NCC Board Reviews Telecom Sector, Notes Progress in Network Expansion, Consumer Compensation

NCC

This was contained in a communiqué issued at the end of the Commission’s 109th Board Meeting held on May 25 in Abuja.

According to the communiqué, Mobile Network Operators (MNOs) have planned the deployment of more than 12,000 additional coverage and capacity sites nationwide, with over 5,000 already completed, representing more than 40 per cent of the target.

The Board also noted that fibre connectivity had been extended to more than 700 sites to improve network resilience, backhaul capacity and service reliability.

It added that co-location and infrastructure sharing licensees had upgraded equipment across more than 2,000 Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) to support network expansion and compliance with quality-of-service obligations.

The Board reviewed the implementation of the Commission’s directive requiring operators to compensate subscribers affected by poor service quality in areas where prescribed standards were not met.

It noted that full compliance by operators had resulted in compensation being offered to more than 75 million affected subscribers.

The Board said efforts were ongoing to independently verify operators’ claims and ensure that all eligible subscribers received the compensation due to them.

However, it expressed concern that tower infrastructure providers had only partially complied with directives requiring the reinvestment of regulatory fines into infrastructure upgrades through escrow accounts.

On broadband development, the Board noted rising data consumption across the country but observed that growth remained constrained by infrastructure limitations, reliance on mobile internet and duplication of assets.

It welcomed the growth in Fibre-to-the-Home (FTTH) subscriptions, which rose from 84,141 in the fourth quarter of 2025 to 210,065 connections as of the first quarter of 2026.

According to the Board, expanding fixed broadband infrastructure will help reduce pressure on mobile networks, improve service quality and provide consumers with more connectivity options.

The Board also noted that the Commission was reviewing the telecommunications market structure to reflect current realities in both the wholesale and retail segments of the industry.

It reaffirmed that broader access to wholesale backbone fibre and expanded metropolitan fibre networks would help lower connectivity costs, improve network resilience and support the Federal Government’s digital transformation agenda.

The Board further identified infrastructure vandalism as a major challenge affecting industry growth despite ongoing efforts by security agencies to protect telecommunications facilities designated as Critical National Information Infrastructure (CNII).

It called for greater collaboration among stakeholders and disclosed that the Commission was exploring the feasibility of establishing a Communications Industry Security Trust Fund to strengthen infrastructure protection.

The Board also reviewed ongoing engagements with industry players on the development of a framework for zero-rating educational platforms and content to promote digital inclusion and improve educational outcomes.

In addition, the Board approved the appointment of Princess Oforitsenere Emiko, a Non-Executive Commissioner of the NCC, as Interim Chairman of the Governing Board of the Digital Bridge Institute (DBI).

It also approved the appointments of Engr. Abraham Oshadami, Executive Commissioner, Technical Services, and Ms. Rimini Makama, Executive Commissioner, Stakeholder Management, as interim members of the DBI Governing Board.

The Board reiterated the Commission’s commitment to fostering a sustainable and inclusive communications sector through improved quality of service, network resilience, consumer protection, transparency, fair competition and market discipline.


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FG’s $10m Hello.cv Deal Sparks Outrage as Experts Question Snub of .ng Domain

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Stakeholders in Nigeria’s Information and Communications Technology (ICT) sector have expressed concerns over the inclusion of a foreign country code top-level domain (ccTLD) in a recent partnership under the Federal Government’s 3 Million Technical Talent (3MTT) programme.

FG's $10m Hello.cv Deal Sparks Outrage as Experts Question Snub of .ng Domain

The concerns followed the announcement by the Federal Ministry of Communications, Innovation and Digital Economy (FMCIDE) of a 10 million-dollar partnership with Hello.cv, a platform associated with Cape Verde’s “.cv” country code domain.

Under the agreement, 20,000 beneficiaries of the 3MTT programme will receive access to Hello.cv’s profile package, which includes a personal .cv domain, an artificial intelligence-powered job search agent and professional CV writing services.

Some industry stakeholders argue that the arrangement appears inconsistent with the Federal Government’s “Nigeria First Policy”, which encourages Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) to prioritise local products and services.

The policy, approved by the Federal Executive Council in May 2025, seeks to reduce dependence on foreign goods and services, strengthen domestic industries and create jobs.

Speaking on the development, Chief Executive Officer of DNS Africa Media and Communications, Dr. Adebunmi Akinbo, said the use of a foreign domain for Nigerian trainees raised questions about data protection and digital sovereignty.

According to him, the country’s indigenous domain, .ng, managed by the Nigeria Internet Registration Association, is capable of accommodating the beneficiaries and should have been prioritised.

“If branding is important to the company, there are alternatives such as integrating the service within the .ng ecosystem. The focus should remain on promoting Nigeria’s digital identity and protecting citizens’ data,” he said.

Akinbo also expressed concerns about the storage and management of data generated through the platform, noting that government agencies should ensure that local digital assets remain at the forefront of national digital development efforts.

Also commenting, Emmanuel Amos, Chief Executive Officer of Programos and Innovationbed-AI Academy, said government institutions needed to demonstrate consistency in implementing policies designed to strengthen local technology ecosystems.

According to him, Nigeria must develop the institutional commitment required to support indigenous technology solutions and maximise value from local innovation.

The stakeholders noted that while the training partnership itself was commendable, the inclusion of a foreign domain component had generated questions about compliance with the spirit of the Nigeria First Policy.

Ugonma Egwuatu, an ICT and data protection expert at ECAM Global Services, called for greater clarity regarding data governance arrangements under the partnership.

She said agencies responsible for data protection should be satisfied that adequate safeguards were in place for the personal information of programme beneficiaries.

“We are dealing with the data of about 20,000 individuals. There should be clear explanations regarding how the data will be managed, protected and utilised,” she said.

Egwuatu added that transparency regarding data handling processes and any third-party arrangements would help address concerns among stakeholders.

The partnership is part of ongoing efforts by the ministry to equip young Nigerians with digital skills and improve their access to employment opportunities in the global technology ecosystem.

As of the time of filing this report, the ministry had not publicly responded to the concerns raised by stakeholders regarding the domain component of the partnership.


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